'(construction) Formwork.'的English词汇
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noun
- The process of constructing.
- the act of constructing something
- The manner in which something is built.
- The meaning or interpretation of a text, action etc.; the way something is viewed by an observer or onlooker.
- Anything that has been constructed.
- The act or result of construing the meaning of something.
- A building, model or some other structure.
- The trade of building structures.
- (art) A (usually non-representational) structure, such as a collage etc.
- (grammar) A group of words arranged to form a meaningful phrase.
- (geometry) A geometric figure of arcs and line segments that is drawable with a straightedge and compass.
- the creation of a construct; the process of combining ideas into a congruous object of thought
- the commercial activity involved in repairing old structures or constructing new ones
- a group of words that form a constituent of a sentence and are considered as a single unit
- a thing constructed; a complex entity constructed of many parts
- drawing a figure satisfying certain conditions as part of solving a problem or proving a theorem
- an interpretation of a text or action
adj
- Involving the mechanics of construction.
- affecting or involved in structure or construction
- Of, relating to, or having structure.
- pertaining to geological structure
- relating to or having or characterized by structure
- concerned with systematic structure in a particular field of study
- relating to or concerned with the morphology of plants and animals
- relating to or caused by structure, especially political or economic structure
noun
noun
- The act of forming, causing, or constituting; workmanship; construction.
- Process of growth or development.
- an attribute that must be met or complied with and that fits a person for something
- (usually plural) the components needed for making or doing something
- the act that results in something coming to be
verb
noun
- the act of constructing something
- the occupants of a building
- the commercial activity involved in repairing old structures or constructing new ones
- a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place
- (uncountable) The act or process by which something is built; construction.
- (mathematics) Synonym of Tits building.
- (countable) A closed structure with walls and a roof.
verb
verb
adj
noun
noun
- (countable) A type of formwork which serves as a temporary structure during the construction of arches and bridges.
- (chiefly uncountable) The process of moving something to a centre, normally before some other process.
- (American football) putting the ball in play by passing it (between the legs) to a back
- the concentration of attention or energy on something
verb
verb
- construct, build, or erect
- cause to rise up
- (intransitive) To enter a state of physiological erection.
- (intransitive, aviation, of a gyroscopic attitude indicator) To spin up and align to vertical.
- (transitive) To set up or establish; to found; to form; to institute.
- (transitive, astrology) To cast or draw up (a figure of the heavens, horoscope etc.).
- (transitive) To cause to stand up or out.
- (transitive) To animate; to encourage; to cheer.
- (transitive) To set up as an assertion or consequence from premises, etc.
- (transitive) To lift up; to elevate; to exalt; to magnify.
- (transitive) To put up by the fitting together of materials or parts.
- To raise and place in an upright or perpendicular position; to set upright; to raise.
adj
- of sexual organs; stiff and rigid
- upright in position or posture
- (of body parts) Rigid, firm; standing out perpendicularly, especially as the result of stimulation.
- Watchful; alert.
- (of a person) Having an erect penis or clitoris.
- Upright; vertical or reaching broadly upwards.
- (heraldry) Elevated, as the tips of wings, heads of serpents, etc.
verb
- construct, build, or erect
- (transitive) To build a structure.
- propose as a candidate for some honor
- put up with something or somebody unpleasant
- place so as to be noticed
- make available for sale at an auction
- mount or put up
- provide
- provide someone with accommodation
- preserve in a can or tin
- (transitive) To place in a high location.
- Synonym of frame up (“falsely pin a crime on”).
- (US, Canada, transitive, sports, idiomatic) To score; to accumulate scoring. Ellipsis of to put up on the scoreboard.
- (transitive, idiomatic) To house; to shelter; to take in.
- (transitive, food and drink, idiomatic) To can (food) domestically; to preserve (meat, fruit or vegetables) by sterilizing and storing in a bottle, jar or can.
- (transitive, idiomatic) To present, especially in "put up a fight".
- (transitive, African-American Vernacular, slang) To kill (someone).
- (transitive) To endure; to put up with; to tolerate.
- (transitive) To style (the hair) up on the head, instead of letting it hang down.
- (transitive) To make available; to offer.
- (transitive, printing, historical) To set (matter) in capital letters; to switch text from lowercase to capital letters.
- (transitive, African-American Vernacular, slang) To compliment or respect (someone); to number (someone) among some greats.
- (transitive, idiomatic) To store away.
- (transitive) To hang; to mount.
- (hunting, transitive) To cause (wild game) to break cover.
- (transitive) To provide funds in advance.
- (transitive, idiomatic, used with "to") To cajole or dare (someone) to do (something).
adj
verb
- construct, build, or erect
- To form by the accumulation of materials or constituent parts; to build up; to erect.
- raise in rank or condition
- summon into action or bring into existence, often as if by magic
- put forward for consideration or discussion
- give a promotion to or assign to a higher position
- increase the level of
- put an end to a situation
- bid (one's partner's suit) at a higher level
- bring (a surface or a design) into relief and cause to project
- bet more than the previous player
- create a disturbance, especially by making a great noise
- collect funds for a specific purpose
- cause to be heard or known; express or utter
- move upwards
- call forth (emotions, feelings, and responses)
- cause to become alive again
- cause to puff up with a leaven
- raise the level or amount of something
- activate or stir up
- multiply (a number) by itself a specified number of times: 8 is 2 raised to the power 3
- invigorate or heighten
- establish radio communications with
- raise from a lower to a higher position
- cultivate by growing, often involving improvements by means of agricultural techniques
- pronounce (vowels) by bringing the tongue closer to the roof of the mouth
- register formally as a participant or member
- look after a child until it is an adult
- cause to assemble or enlist in military
- (figurative) To cause (a dead person) to live again; to resurrect.
- (metalworking, transitive) To emboss (sheet metal), or to form it into cup-shaped or hollow articles, by hammering, stamping, or spinning.
- To cause something to come to the surface of water.
- Misspelling of raze.
- (law) To create; to constitute (a use, or a beneficial interest in property).
- To establish contact with (e.g., by telephone or radio).
- To bring into being; to produce; to cause to arise, come forth, or appear.
- (arithmetic) To exponentiate, to involute.
- (physical) To cause to rise; to lift or elevate.
- (nautical) To cause (the land or any other object) to seem higher by drawing nearer to it.
- To collect or amass.
- (linguistics, transitive, of a vowel) To produce a vowel with the tongue positioned closer to the roof of the mouth.
- To increase the nominal value of (a cheque, money order, etc.) by fraudulently changing the writing or printing in which the sum payable is specified.
- (India, transitive) To open, initiate.
- To promote.
- (military, transitive) To relinquish (a siege), or cause this to be done.
- (poker, intransitive) To respond to a bet by increasing the amount required to continue in the hand.
- To mention (a question, issue) for discussion.
- (linguistics, transitive, of a verb) To extract (a subject or other verb argument) out of an inner clause.
- (transitive) To create, increase or develop.
- (military) To remove or break up (a blockade), either by withdrawing the ships or forces employed in enforcing it, or by driving them away or dispersing them.
- To bring up; to grow.
- (programming, transitive) To instantiate and transmit (an exception, by throwing it, or an event).
- To make (bread, etc.) light, as by yeast or leaven.
noun
- increasing the size of a bet (as in poker)
- the act of raising something
- an upward slope or grade (as in a road)
- the amount a salary is increased
- (curling) A shot in which the delivered stone bumps another stone forward.
- (weightlifting) A shoulder exercise in which the arms are elevated against resistance.
- (mining) A shaft or a winze that is dug from below, for purposes such as ventilation, local extraction of ore, or exploration.
- A cairn or pile of stones.
- (poker) A bet that increases the previous bet.
- (US) Ellipsis of pay raise (“an increase in wages or salary”).
verb
- construct, build, or erect
- (transitive, rare) To construct by building; to set up
- cause to rise up
- stand up on the hind legs, of quadrupeds
- rise up
- look after a child until it is an adult
- (transitive) To move; stir.
- (transitive, vulgar, British) To sodomize (perform anal sex)
- (intransitive) To rise up on the hind legs.
- (transitive, said of people towards animals) To breed and raise.
- (intransitive, usually with "up") To get angry.
- (transitive, literary) To raise physically or metaphorically; to lift up; to cause to rise, to elevate.
- To place in the rear; to secure the rear of.
- (intransitive) To rise high above, tower above.
- (transitive, of geese) To carve.
- (transitive) To bring up to maturity, as offspring; to educate; to instruct; to foster.
- (transitive, rare) To raise spiritually; to lift up; to elevate morally.
adj
noun
- the part of something that is furthest from the normal viewer
- the back of a military formation or procession
- the side of an object that is opposite its front
- the fleshy part of the human body that you sit on
- the side that goes last or is not normally seen
- (military) Specifically, the part of an army or fleet which comes last, or is stationed behind the rest.
- The back or hindmost part; that which is behind, or last in order.
- (anatomy) The buttocks or bottom.
adv
verb
- construct, build, or erect
- equip with sails or masts
- set up or found
- take or catch as if in a snare or trap
- put into a proper or systematic order
- place
- arrange thoughts, ideas, temporal events
- begin, or enable someone else to begin, a venture by providing the means, logistics, etc.
- make ready or suitable or equip in advance for a particular purpose or for some use, event, etc
- arrange the outcome of by means of deceit
- get ready for a particular purpose or event
- create by putting components or members together
- produce
- erect and fasten
- set up for use
- (transitive) To establish someone in a business or position.
- (transitive) To matchmake; to arrange a date between two people.
- (transitive) To found; to start (a business, scheme)
- (sports, transitive) To create a goalscoring opportunity (for).
- (informal, transitive, criminology) To trick or lure (someone) in order to entrap them.
- (transitive) To arrange for an outcome; to tamper or rig.
- (transitive) To arrange logically.
- (intransitive) To level to rise in one part of a body of water, especially a shallow one, because of a storm surge caused by persistent wind.
- (boxing) To deceive an opponent and capitalize on their reactions with a certain technique or maneuver.
- (transitive) To provide the money or other support that someone needs for an important task or activity.
- (intransitive) To gel or harden.
- (transitive) To trap or ensnare.
- To profess openly; to make pretensions.
- (intransitive) To prepare or get ready.
- To cause to take flight; to flush into the air.
- (transitive) To make (someone) proud or conceited (often in passive).
- (transitive) To make ready for use.
- (transitive) To cause to happen.
adj
verb
- To erect; to construct.
- To close up by building.
- (card games) In solitaire card games, to place a card over another card of lower value. (e.g., place 5♦ over 4♣)
- (transitive, idiomatic) To strengthen.
- (intransitive, transitive, idiomatic) To accumulate: to increase incrementally or continually.
- bolster or strengthen
- change the use of and make available or usable
- enlarge, develop, or increase by degrees or in stages
- form or accumulate steadily
- prepare oneself for a military confrontation
noun
prep
- From a given material as means of construction.
- Not in (a given state, condition).
- Taken from among; expressing a fraction of (a larger number);
- Not within a given space, area etc.
- (nautical) Stating the port in which a boat has been registered.
- So as no longer to be in a given condition or state.
- Without; no longer in possession of.
- (now chiefly horse breeding) Born from a given mother.
- (informal) In a manner based in but not always in (a certain place); (loosely) in.
- From the inside to the outside of.
- From a given cause or motivation.
- (often informal) expression of how distant a person, an event or object is.
- (informal) From a thing or place as a source, place of origin etc.
adv
noun
- Construction, in a more general sense; frame or structure; workmanship.
- an architectural product or work
- (computing) A family of CPUs sharing a common instruction set and having partial or full compatibility with software built on each other.
- The art and science of designing and managing the construction of buildings and other structures, particularly if they are well proportioned and decorated.
- The structure and design of a system or product.
- (computing) A specific model of a microchip or CPU.
- Any particular style of building design.
- A unifying structure.
- the profession of designing buildings and environments with consideration for their esthetic effect
- the discipline dealing with the principles of design and construction and ornamentation of fine buildings
- (computer science) the structure and organization of a computer's hardware or system software
noun
- the manner of construction of something and the arrangement of its parts
- the complex composition of knowledge as elements and their combinations
- a particular complex anatomical part of a living thing and its construction and arrangement
- the people in a society considered as a system organized by a characteristic pattern of relationships
- a thing constructed; a complex entity constructed of many parts
- (fishing, uncountable) Underwater terrain or objects (such as a dead tree or a submerged car) that tend to attract fish
- A body, such as a political party, with a cohesive purpose or outlook.
- A cohesive whole built up of distinct parts.
- The overall form or organization of something.
- (computing) Several pieces of data treated as a unit.
- The underlying shape of a solid.
- A set of rules defining behaviour.
- (logic) A set along with a collection of finitary functions and relations.
verb
verb
- be erected, built, or constructed
- move towards
- burn completely; be consumed or destroyed by fire
- go upward with gradual or continuous progress
- move upward
- increase in value or to a higher point
- travel up
- (intransitive) To be consumed by fire.
- Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see go, up.
- (cricket) To appeal for a dismissal.
- (intransitive) To be built or erected.
- (intransitive) To be imprisoned.
- (intransitive) To rise or increase in price, cost, or value.
- (intransitive, performing arts) To forget lines or blocks during public performance.
- (intransitive) To move upwards.
- (intransitive) To go bankrupt; to be ruined.
noun
- Form; formation.
- The status or condition of something
- (iron manufacture) A piece which has been roughly forged nearly to the form it will receive when completely forged or fitted.
- A graphical representation of an object's form or its external boundary, outline, or external surface.
- (geometry) A geometric figure defined by its surfaces, lines, and angles, existing in 2D or 3D
- Condition of personal health, especially muscular health.
- (iron manufacture) A rolled or hammered piece, such as a bar, beam, angle iron, etc., having a cross section different from merchant bar.
- (gambling) A loaded die.
- (programming) In the Hack programming language, a group of data fields each of which has a name and a data type.
- the state of (good) health (especially in the phrases ‘in condition’ or ‘in shape’ or ‘out of condition’ or ‘out of shape’)
- any spatial attributes (especially as defined by outline)
- a concrete representation of an otherwise nebulous concept
- alternative names for the body of a human being
- a perceptual structure
- the spatial arrangement of something as distinct from its substance
- the visual appearance of something or someone
verb
- To suit; to be adjusted or conformable.
- (of a country, person, etc) To give influence to.
- To form or manipulate something into a certain shape.
- (Northern England, Scotland, rare) To create or make.
- (transitive) To give something a shape and definition.
- shape or influence; give direction to
- make something, usually for a specific function
- give shape or form to
verb
- (transitive, construction) To lay bricks in a specific pattern.
- (transitive, electricity) To make a reliable electrical connection between two conductors (or any pieces of metal that may potentially become conductors).
- (transitive) To put in a bonded warehouse; to secure (goods) until the associated duties are paid.
- (transitive, chemistry) To form a chemical compound with.
- (transitive) To guarantee or secure a financial risk.
- (transitive) To connect, secure or tie with a bond; to bind.
- To bail out by means of a bail bond.
- (transitive) To cause to adhere (one material with another).
- To form a friendship or emotional connection.
- issue bonds on
- bring together in a common cause or emotion
- stick to firmly
- create social or emotional ties
adj
noun
- (finance) A documentary obligation to pay a sum or to perform a contract; a debenture.
- (law) A bail bond.
- (railways) A heavy copper wire or rod connecting adjacent rails of an electric railway track when used as a part of the electric circuit.
- Moral or political duty or obligation.
- (law) A document constituting evidence of a long-term debt, by which the bond issuer (the borrower) is obliged to pay interest when due, and repay the principal at maturity, as specified on the face of the bond certificate. The rights of the holder are specified in the bond indenture, which contains the legal terms and conditions under which the bond was issued. Bonds are available in two forms: registered bonds, and bearer bonds.
- Any constraining or cementing force or material.
- (construction) In building, a specific pattern of bricklaying, based on overlapping rows or layers to give strength.
- A peasant; churl.
- An emotional link, connection or union; that which holds two or more people together, as in a friendship; a tie.
- (by ellipsis) Bond paper.
- (often in the plural) A physical connection which binds, a band.
- A vassal; serf; one held in bondage to a superior.
- (chemistry) A link or force between neighbouring atoms in a molecule.
- (Scotland) A mortgage.
- A binding agreement, a covenant.
- A partial payment made to show a provider that the customer is sincere about buying a product or a service. If the product or service is not purchased the customer then forfeits the bond.
- (uncountable) The state of being stored in a bonded warehouse
- a connection based on kinship or marriage or common interest
- the property of sticking together (as of glue and wood) or the joining of surfaces of different composition
- a certificate of debt (usually interest-bearing or discounted) that is issued by a government or corporation in order to raise money; the issuer is required to pay a fixed sum annually until maturity and then a fixed sum to repay the principal
- a superior quality of strong durable white writing paper; originally made for printing documents
- a connection that fastens things together
- an electrical force linking atoms
- a restraint that confines or restricts freedom (especially something used to tie down or restrain a prisoner)
- (criminal law) money that must be forfeited by the bondsman if an accused person fails to appear in court for trial
adj
- promoting construction or creation
- having the ability or power to create
- (set theory) A type of set of natural numbers, related to mathematical logic.
- Tending to create things, or having the ability to create; often, excellently, in a novel fashion, or any or all of these.
- (euphemistic, of art) bad, unartistic, busy.
- Designed or executed to deceive or mislead.
- (of a created thing) Original, expressive and imaginative.
noun
noun
verb
- form by carving
- engrave or cut by chipping away at a surface
- cut to pieces
- To shape to sculptural effect; to produce (a work) by cutting, or to cut (a material) into a finished work, especially with cuts that are curved rather than only straight slices.
- (figuratively) To take or make, as by cutting; to provide.
- To cut meat in order to serve it.
- To lay out; to contrive; to design; to plan.
- (snowboarding) To perform a series of turns without pivoting, so that the tip and tail of the snowboard take the same path.
noun
verb
- be engaged in building
- bolster or strengthen
- improve the cleansing action of
- develop and grow
- give form to, according to a plan
- order, supervise, or finance the construction of
- form or accumulate steadily
- make by combining materials and parts
- build or establish something abstract
- found or ground
- (transitive, computing) To construct (software) by compiling its source code.
- (transitive) To establish a basis for (something).
- (intransitive, computing, of source code) To be converted into software by compilation, usually with minimal human intervention.
- (intransitive) To form by combining materials or parts.
- (transitive) To develop or give form to (something) according to a plan or process.
- (intransitive) To develop in magnitude or extent.
- (transitive) To form (something) by combining materials or parts.
- (transitive) To increase or strengthen (something) by adding gradually to.
noun
- constitution of the human body
- alternative names for the body of a human being
- (countable, uncountable) The physique of a human or animal body, or other object; constitution or structure.
- (gaming, slang, countable) A structure, such as a building, statue, pool or forest created by the player.
- (countable) The process or period of constructing a physical object.
- (computing, countable) Any of various versions of a software product as it is being developed for release to users.
- (gaming, slang, countable) A configuration of a character's items or skills created by the player.
verb
- (transitive) To plan and carry out (a picture, work of art, construction etc.).
- To manifest requirements to be satisfied by an object or process for them to solve a problem.
- conceive or fashion in the mind; invent
- create designs
- intend or have as a purpose
- plan something for a specific role or purpose or effect
- make or work out a plan for; devise
- create the design for; create or execute in an artistic or highly skilled manner
noun
- Intention or plot.
- A plan (with more or less detail) for the structure and functions of an artifact, building or system.
- A pattern, as an element of a work of art or architecture.
- (particularly) Malicious or malevolent intention.
- The art of designing
- The composition of a work of art.
- The shape or appearance given to an object, especially one that is intended to make it more attractive.
- A specification of an object or process, referring to requirements to be satisfied and thus conditions to be met for them to solve a problem.
- something intended as a guide for making something else
- the act of working out the form of something (as by making a sketch or outline or plan)
- a decorative or artistic work
- the creation of something in the mind
- an arrangement scheme
- a preliminary sketch indicating the plan for something
- an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions
adj
- Built, constructed.
- (US, bartending) Chilled and served without ice; (often specifically) shaken with ice and then strained into a coupe for serving, leaving the ice behind.
- Awake and out of bed.
- (horse-racing) Riding the horse; mounted.
- (of the sun or moon) Above the horizon, in the sky.
- (computing) Functional; working.
- (usually in the phrase up for) Willing; ready.
- Fitted or fixed at a high or relatively high position, especially on a wall or ceiling.
- Next in a sequence.
- Facing upwards.
- Headed or designated to go upward (as an escalator, stairway, elevator etc.) or toward (as a run-up).
- Ahead; leading; winning.
- (poker, postnominal) Said of the higher-ranking pair in a two pair.
- Raised; lifted.
- Aloft.
- (slang, graffiti) well-known; renowned
- In a good mood.
- (of a railway line or train) Traveling towards a major terminus.
- Well-informed; current.
- Larger; greater in quantity, volume, value etc.
- (slang) Erect.
- On or at a physically higher level.
- (predicative only) Finished, to an end
- (by extension) Available to view or use; made public; posted.
- (predicative only) Happening; new; of concern. See also what's up, what's up with.
- Indicating a larger or higher quantity.
- Standing; upright.
- out of bed
- (used of computers) operating properly
- extending or moving toward a higher place
- open
- getting higher or more vigorous
- being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level
- used up
- (usually followed by ‘on’ or ‘for’) in readiness
adv
- Away from the surface of the Earth or other planet; in opposite direction to the downward pull of gravity.
- (cricket) Relatively close to the batsman.
- (figuratively) To a higher level of some quantity or notional quantity, such as price, volume, pitch, happiness, etc.
- To or at a physically higher or more elevated position.
- (rail transport) Towards the principal terminus, towards milepost zero.
- To one's possession or consideration.
- To the north (as north is at the top of typical maps).
- To an upright or erect position.
- (sailing) Against the wind or current.
- (Cartesian graph) In a positive vertical direction.
- Towards the source of a river, against the direction of flow.
- To or towards what is considered the top of something, irrespective of whether this is presently physically higher.
- Aside or away, so as no longer to be present or in use.
- From one's possession or consideration.
- Towards or at a central place, or any place that is visualised as 'up' by virtue of local features or local convention, or arbitrarily, irrespective of direction or elevation change.
- (intensifier) Used as an aspect marker to indicate a completed action or state; thoroughly, completely.
- (US, bartending) Without additional ice.
- To or in a position of equal advance or equality; not short of, back of, less advanced than, away from, etc.; usually followed by to or with.
- to a more central or a more northerly place
- spatially or metaphorically from a lower to a higher position
- to a higher intensity
- to a later time
- nearer to the speaker
noun
prep
- (vulgar slang) Of a person: having sex with.
- Toward the top of.
- From south to north of.
- From the mouth towards the source of (a river or waterway).
- Further along (in any direction).
- (colloquial) At (a given place, especially one imagined to be higher or more distant from a central location).
- Toward the center, source, or main point of reference; toward the end at which something is attached.
verb
- (computing, slang, transitive) To upload.
- (transitive, colloquial) To promote.
- (intransitive, often in combination with another verb) To rise to a standing position; hence, by extension, to act suddenly; see also up and.
- (transitive, colloquial) To increase the level or amount of.
- (transitive, poetic or in certain phrases) To physically raise or lift.
- raise
noun
- a block of material used in construction work
- a single undivided natural thing occurring in the composition of something else
- (literally) A component that is part of a larger construction, such as a brick or a stone.
- (figuratively) A component that is part of a larger system.
- A block made of wood or plastic that is used as a children's toy and can be stacked or joined to form a larger structure.
noun
- The act or process of confecting; the process of making, compounding, or preparing something.
- A food item prepared very sweet, frequently decorated in fine detail, and often preserved with sugar, such as a candy, sweetmeat, fruit preserve, pastry, or cake.
- The result of such a process; something made up or confected; a concoction.
- a food rich in sugar
- the act of creating something (a medicine or drink or soup etc.) by compounding or mixing a variety of components
verb
noun
- (engineering) A map or a drawing of a construction site showing the position of roads, buildings or other constructions.
- A structured arrangement of items within certain limits.
- A plan for such arrangement.
- The act of laying out something.
- (gymnastics) A fully stretched out position of the body, with toes pointed and legs straight.
- (electronics) A specification of an integrated circuit showing the position of the physical components that will implement the schematic in silicon.
- (publishing) The process of arranging editorial content, advertising, graphics and other information
- (Internet) The customizable features of a user's profile (such as profile picture, screen name, and bio) collectively.
- a plan or design of something that is laid out
- the act of laying out (as by making plans for something)
noun
- the activity of constructing something again
- an interpretation formed by piecing together bits of evidence
- recall that is hypothesized to work by storing abstract features which are then used to construct the memory during recall
- The act of restoring something to an earlier state.
- The action of reconstructing something, not necessarily to the earlier state.
- A thing that has been reconstructed or restored to an earlier state.
- The recreation or retelling of the (purported) events leading up to a certain outcome.
- (linguistics) A result of linguistic reconstruction; a model representing an unattested linguistic unit: a phoneme, a morpheme or a word.
verb
- (transitive, engineering) To give a definite form by chiselling, milling, etc.
- To act based on such a summary, especially one that is a stereotype; to engage in profiling.
- (transitive) To draw in profile or outline.
- (computing, transitive) To measure the performance of various parts of (a program) so as to locate bottlenecks.
- (transitive) To create a summary or collection of information about (a person, etc.).
- write about
- represent in profile, by drawing or painting
noun
- (countable) The shape, view, or shadow of a person's head from the side; a side view.
- Character; totality of related characteristics; signature; status (especially in scientific, technical, or military uses).
- (architecture) A section of any member, made at right angles with its main lines, showing the exact shape of mouldings etc.
- (archaeology) A smoothed (e.g., troweled or brushed) vertical surface of an excavation showing evidence of at least one feature or diagnostic specimen; the graphic recording of such as by sketching, photographing, etc.
- (figurative, uncountable) Reputation, prominence; noticeability.
- (countable) A summary or collection of information, especially about a person.
- (countable) The outermost shape, view, or edge of an object.
- (uncountable) The amount by which something protrudes.
- (military slang) An exemption from certain types of duties due to injury or disability.
- (civil engineering) A drawing exhibiting a vertical section of the ground along a surveyed line, or graded work, as of a railway, showing elevations, depressions, grades, etc.
- (computing, countable) A user's preferences.
- (Internet, countable) A specific page or field in which users can provide various types of personal information in software or Internet systems.
- a vertical section of the Earth's crust showing the different horizons or layers
- biographical sketch
- an analysis (often in graphical form) representing the extent to which something exhibits various characteristics
- degree of exposure to public notice
- an outline of something (especially a human face as seen from one side)
adj
- forming or capable of forming or molding or fashioning
- capable of forming new cells and tissues
- (linguistic morphology) Pertaining to the formation of words; specifically, of an affix: forming words through inflection.
- Of or pertaining to the formation and subsequent growth of something.
- (education) Of a form of assessment: used to guide learning rather than to quantify educational outcomes.
- Capable of forming something.
- (biology) Capable of producing new tissue.
noun
adj
- forming or capable of forming or molding or fashioning
- capable of being influenced or formed
- capable of being molded or modeled (especially of earth or clay or other soft material)
- (figurative, derogatory) Inferior or not the real thing.
- Of or pertaining to the inelastic, non-brittle, deformation of a material.
- Made of plastic.
- (informal, birdwatching, of a species or individual bird) Introduced, rather than native or naturally vagrant.
- (biology) Capable of adapting to varying conditions; characterized by environmental adaptability.
- (figurative, informal, of a person) Fake, insincere, especially in a shallow and conformist way pretending to smoothness and glossy flawlessness.
- (informal, birdwatching, of an individual bird) Escaped from captivity, rather than wild.
- Capable of being moulded; malleable, flexible, pliant.
noun
- a card (usually plastic) that assures a seller that the person using it has sufficient means of payment and that the issuer will see to it that the seller receives payment for the merchandise delivered
- generic name for certain synthetic or semisynthetic materials that can be molded or extruded into objects or films or filaments or used for making e.g. coatings and adhesives
- (slang, countable) An instance of plastic surgery.
- (slang) Synonym of Plastic Paddy.
- (colloquial, metonymic) Credit or debit cards used in place of cash to buy goods and services.
- A synthetic, solid, hydrocarbon-based polymer, whether thermoplastic or thermosetting.
- (figurative, slang) Insincerity; fakeness; a person who is fake or arrogant, or believes that they are better than the rest of the population; a narcissistic, affected person.
adj
noun
- the act of fabricating something in a particular shape
- any process serving to define the shape of something
- The action of the metal-cutting machine called a shaper, which uses linear single-point cutting. It is largely but not entirely obsolete.
- (psychology) A method of positive reinforcement of behaviour patterns in a series of steps in operant conditioning.
- The action of the verb to shape.
verb
verb
- form or compose
- work in a specific place, with a specific subject, or in a specific function
- occupy a certain position or area; be somewhere
- spend or use time
- have the quality of being; (copula, used with an adjective or a predicate noun)
- be priced at
- have an existence, be extant
- have life, be alive
- be identical to; be someone or something
- be identical or equivalent to
- represent, as of a character on stage
- to remain unmolested, undisturbed, or uninterrupted — used only in infinitive form
- To occupy a place.
- (with there, or dialectally it, as dummy subject) To exist.
- To pass or spend (time).
- (formal) Used with to-infinitives of verbs to express intent, obligation, appropriateness, or relative future occurrence.
- Used to indicate that the subject has the qualities described by an adjective or prepositional phrase.
- (rare and regional, chiefly in the past tense) Used to link two noun clauses: a day of the week, recurring date, month, or other specific time (on which the event of the main clause took place) and a period of time indicating how long ago that day was.
- (with a dummy subject it) Used to indicate the time of day.
- To remain undisturbed in a certain state or situation.
- Used to indicate that the subject has the qualities described by a noun or noun phrase.
- Used with past participles of certain intransitive verbs to form the perfect aspect.
- To take a period of time.
- (often impersonal, with it as a dummy subject) Used to indicate ambient conditions such as weather, light, noise or air quality.
- (with a cardinal numeral) Used to state the age of a subject in years.
- Used to declare the subject and object identical or equivalent.
- (in perfect tenses) Elliptical form of "be here", "go to and return from" or similar, also extending to certain other senses of "go".
- (auxiliary) Used with past participles of verbs to form the passive voice.
- (now usually literary) To exist; to have real existence, to be alive.
- Used to link a subject to a measurement.
- To occur, to take place.
- Used with present participles of verbs to form the continuous aspect.
- (colloquial, humorous) To have (a condition, especially a mental or physical disability).
- Used to indicate that a predicate nominal applies to the subject.
- (dynamic / lexical be, especially in progressive tenses, conjugated non-suppletively in the present tense, see usage notes) To exist or behave in a certain way.
- (African-American Vernacular, Caribbean, Ireland, auxiliary, not conjugated) To tend to do, often do; marks the habitual aspect.
- (with since) Used to indicate passage of time since the occurrence of an event.
noun
verb
- form or compose
- include or contain; have as a component
- be composed of
- (transitive) To be made up of; to consist of (especially a comprehensive list of parts).
- (sometimes proscribed, usually in the passive) To compose; to constitute.
- (patent law) To include, contain, or be made up of, defining the minimum elements, whether essential or inessential to define an invention.
verb
- form or compose
- make up work that was missed due to absence at a later point
- adjust for
- come to terms
- concoct something artificial or untrue
- devise or compose
- apply make-up or cosmetics to one's face to appear prettier
- put in order or neaten
- do or give something to somebody in return
- To apply cosmetics.
- (transitive, intransitive, reflexive) To prepare (someone) for a theatrical performance by means of costume, cosmetics, etc.
- (intransitive) To compensate (for).
- To compile or draw up (a list, document, etc.).
- To draw near to, approach to.
- To invent, to imagine, to concoct
- (transitive, intransitive, reflexive) To apply cosmetics or makeup to (a face, facial feature).
- (transitive) To constitute the components of a whole.
- To invent or fabricate (a story, claim, etc.).
- (transitive, intransitive) To resolve or settle an argument, dispute, conflict, or fight (e.g., with someone).
- To constitute, to compose.
- To put together (a substance, material, garment, medicine, etc.) into a specific form; to assemble.
- To make peace, to settle a dispute.
- (transitive) To compensate for (a deficiency, defect, etc.); to supply (something missing).
- To make social or romantic advances to; to pay court to.
noun
verb
- form or compose
- be typical of
- perform (a play), especially on a stage
- describe or present, usually with respect to a particular quality
- create an image or likeness of
- play a role or part
- be the defense counsel for someone in a trial
- express indirectly by an image, form, or model; be a symbol
- bring forward and present to the mind
- be representative or typical for
- to establish a mapping (of mathematical elements or sets)
- be a delegate or spokesperson for; represent somebody's interest or be a proxy or substitute for, as of politicians and office holders representing their constituents, or of a tenant representing other tenants in a housing dispute
- take the place of or be parallel or equivalent to
- serve as a means of expressing something
- point out or draw attention to in protest or remonstrance
- (by extension) To present again, possibly in an altered form.
- (transitive) To portray visually; to delineate
- (transitive) To serve as a sign or symbol of.
- (transitive) To bring a certain sensation of into the mind; to cause to be known, felt, or apprehended; to present.
- (politics, transitive) To act as a representative of (a country, state, district etc.)
- (transitive) To constitute, to make up, to be an example of.
- (transitive) To stand or act in the place of; to perform the duties, exercise the rights, or otherwise act on behalf of
- (medicine) To present again, for instance for medical attention.
- (poker, transitive) To play as if holding (a set of cards); to play as if having made (a hand).
- (transitive) To form or image again in consciousness, as an object of cognition or apprehension (something presentative, which was originally apprehended by direct presentation).
- (transitive) To portray by mimicry or acting; to act the part or character of
- (transitive) To give an account of; to describe.
- (transitive) To portray to another using language; to show; to give one's own impressions and judgement of
- (sports, transitive) To participate as a team member.
- (transitive) To present again or anew; to present by means of something standing in the place of; to exhibit the counterpart or image of; to typify.
- (intransitive, African-American Vernacular) To constitute a good example or symbol of a group of people; to acquit oneself well.
prep_phrase
adj
noun
adj
- substantially made or constructed
- violent and lawless
- feeling physical discomfort or pain (‘tough’ is occasionally used colloquially for ‘bad’)
- unfortunate or hard to bear
- not given to gentleness or sentimentality
- very difficult; severely testing stamina or resolution
- resistant to cutting or chewing
- making great mental demands; hard to comprehend or solve or believe
- physically toughened
- (of a person or animal) Rugged or physically hardy.
- (of food) Difficult to cut or chew.
- (of a material) Strong and resilient; sturdy.
- (of questions, etc.) Difficult or demanding.
- Rowdy or rough.
- (of a person) Stubborn or persistent; capable of stubbornness or persistence.
- (of weather, etc.) Harsh or severe.
- (material science) Undergoing plastic deformation before breaking.
- Strict, not lenient.
noun
intj
verb
verb
noun
- (construction) A poured-concrete foundation for a building.
- (geometry) A region between two parallel lines in the Euclidean plane, or between two parallel planes in three-dimensional Euclidean space, or between two hyperplanes in higher dimensions.
- An outside piece taken from a log or timber when sawing it into boards, planks, etc.
- (physical geography) Ellipsis of slab avalanche.
- A paving stone; a flagstone.
- (geology) Part of a tectonic plate that is being, or has been, subducted.
- (programming) The amount by which a cache can grow or shrink, used in memory allocation.
- (US, slang) A large, luxury pre-1980 General Motors vehicle, particularly a Buick, Oldsmobile, or Cadillac.
- (nautical) The slack part of a sail.
- (Southern US, slang) A car that has been modified with equipment such as loudspeakers, lights, special paint, hydraulics, and other accessories.
- (computing) A sequence of 12 adjacent bits, serving as a byte in some computers.
- A flat, sealed plastic case that encloses a flat collector's item, such as a coin or a trading card.
- A large, flat piece of solid material; a solid object that is large and flat.
- (surfing) A very large wave.
- (Australia) A carton containing 24 cans (chiefly of beer).
- (taxation, especially India) Any of the several portions or tiers in a tax rate plan.
- block consisting of a thick piece of something
verb
noun
- Patterns used in construction drawings to represent various materials.
- (art, drawing, drafting) A method of shading areas of a drawing or diagram with fine parallel lines.
- (zoology) The act of an egg hatching, eclosion.
- (zoology) A group of birds, reptiles, fish, insects, etc., which emerge from their eggs at the same time.
- shading consisting of multiple crossing lines
- the production of young from an egg
verb
verb
noun
noun
- the act of constructing something (as a piece of machinery)
- a group of machine parts that fit together to form a self-contained unit
- a group of persons who are gathered together for a common purpose
- the social act of assembling
- a public facility to meet for open discussion
- a unit consisting of components that have been fitted together
- A set of pieces that work together in unison as a mechanism or device.
- (computing) Ellipsis of assembly language.
- (military) A beat of the drum or sound of the bugle as a signal to troops to assemble.
- A congregation of people in one place for a purpose.
- (computing, Microsoft .NET) A building block of an application, similar to a DLL, but containing both executable code and information normally found in a DLL's type library. The type library information in an assembly, called a manifest, describes public functions, data, classes, and version information.
- (politics) A legislative body.
- The act or process of putting together a set of pieces, fragments, or elements.
noun
- the act of constructing something (as a piece of machinery)
- the act of making something (a product) from raw materials
- a deliberately false or improbable account
- writing in a fictional form
- the deliberate act of deviating from the truth
- (countable) That which is fabricated; a falsehood.
- (cooking) The act of cutting up an animal carcass as preparation for cooking; butchery.
- (uncountable) The act of fabricating, framing, or constructing; construction; manufacture
noun
- The process of constructing.
- the act of constructing something
- The manner in which something is built.
- The meaning or interpretation of a text, action etc.; the way something is viewed by an observer or onlooker.
- Anything that has been constructed.
- The act or result of construing the meaning of something.
- A building, model or some other structure.
- The trade of building structures.
- (art) A (usually non-representational) structure, such as a collage etc.
- (grammar) A group of words arranged to form a meaningful phrase.
- (geometry) A geometric figure of arcs and line segments that is drawable with a straightedge and compass.
- the creation of a construct; the process of combining ideas into a congruous object of thought
- the commercial activity involved in repairing old structures or constructing new ones
- a group of words that form a constituent of a sentence and are considered as a single unit
- a thing constructed; a complex entity constructed of many parts
- drawing a figure satisfying certain conditions as part of solving a problem or proving a theorem
- an interpretation of a text or action
noun
- The act of forming, causing, or constituting; workmanship; construction.
- Process of growth or development.
- an attribute that must be met or complied with and that fits a person for something
- (usually plural) the components needed for making or doing something
- the act that results in something coming to be
verb
noun
- the act of constructing something
- the occupants of a building
- the commercial activity involved in repairing old structures or constructing new ones
- a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place
- (uncountable) The act or process by which something is built; construction.
- (mathematics) Synonym of Tits building.
- (countable) A closed structure with walls and a roof.
verb
noun
- (countable) A type of formwork which serves as a temporary structure during the construction of arches and bridges.
- (chiefly uncountable) The process of moving something to a centre, normally before some other process.
- (American football) putting the ball in play by passing it (between the legs) to a back
- the concentration of attention or energy on something
verb
noun
- Construction, in a more general sense; frame or structure; workmanship.
- an architectural product or work
- (computing) A family of CPUs sharing a common instruction set and having partial or full compatibility with software built on each other.
- The art and science of designing and managing the construction of buildings and other structures, particularly if they are well proportioned and decorated.
- The structure and design of a system or product.
- (computing) A specific model of a microchip or CPU.
- Any particular style of building design.
- A unifying structure.
- the profession of designing buildings and environments with consideration for their esthetic effect
- the discipline dealing with the principles of design and construction and ornamentation of fine buildings
- (computer science) the structure and organization of a computer's hardware or system software
noun
- the manner of construction of something and the arrangement of its parts
- the complex composition of knowledge as elements and their combinations
- a particular complex anatomical part of a living thing and its construction and arrangement
- the people in a society considered as a system organized by a characteristic pattern of relationships
- a thing constructed; a complex entity constructed of many parts
- (fishing, uncountable) Underwater terrain or objects (such as a dead tree or a submerged car) that tend to attract fish
- A body, such as a political party, with a cohesive purpose or outlook.
- A cohesive whole built up of distinct parts.
- The overall form or organization of something.
- (computing) Several pieces of data treated as a unit.
- The underlying shape of a solid.
- A set of rules defining behaviour.
- (logic) A set along with a collection of finitary functions and relations.
verb
noun
- Form; formation.
- The status or condition of something
- (iron manufacture) A piece which has been roughly forged nearly to the form it will receive when completely forged or fitted.
- A graphical representation of an object's form or its external boundary, outline, or external surface.
- (geometry) A geometric figure defined by its surfaces, lines, and angles, existing in 2D or 3D
- Condition of personal health, especially muscular health.
- (iron manufacture) A rolled or hammered piece, such as a bar, beam, angle iron, etc., having a cross section different from merchant bar.
- (gambling) A loaded die.
- (programming) In the Hack programming language, a group of data fields each of which has a name and a data type.
- the state of (good) health (especially in the phrases ‘in condition’ or ‘in shape’ or ‘out of condition’ or ‘out of shape’)
- any spatial attributes (especially as defined by outline)
- a concrete representation of an otherwise nebulous concept
- alternative names for the body of a human being
- a perceptual structure
- the spatial arrangement of something as distinct from its substance
- the visual appearance of something or someone
verb
- To suit; to be adjusted or conformable.
- (of a country, person, etc) To give influence to.
- To form or manipulate something into a certain shape.
- (Northern England, Scotland, rare) To create or make.
- (transitive) To give something a shape and definition.
- shape or influence; give direction to
- make something, usually for a specific function
- give shape or form to
noun
noun
- a block of material used in construction work
- a single undivided natural thing occurring in the composition of something else
- (literally) A component that is part of a larger construction, such as a brick or a stone.
- (figuratively) A component that is part of a larger system.
- A block made of wood or plastic that is used as a children's toy and can be stacked or joined to form a larger structure.
noun
- The act or process of confecting; the process of making, compounding, or preparing something.
- A food item prepared very sweet, frequently decorated in fine detail, and often preserved with sugar, such as a candy, sweetmeat, fruit preserve, pastry, or cake.
- The result of such a process; something made up or confected; a concoction.
- a food rich in sugar
- the act of creating something (a medicine or drink or soup etc.) by compounding or mixing a variety of components
verb
noun
- (engineering) A map or a drawing of a construction site showing the position of roads, buildings or other constructions.
- A structured arrangement of items within certain limits.
- A plan for such arrangement.
- The act of laying out something.
- (gymnastics) A fully stretched out position of the body, with toes pointed and legs straight.
- (electronics) A specification of an integrated circuit showing the position of the physical components that will implement the schematic in silicon.
- (publishing) The process of arranging editorial content, advertising, graphics and other information
- (Internet) The customizable features of a user's profile (such as profile picture, screen name, and bio) collectively.
- a plan or design of something that is laid out
- the act of laying out (as by making plans for something)
noun
- the activity of constructing something again
- an interpretation formed by piecing together bits of evidence
- recall that is hypothesized to work by storing abstract features which are then used to construct the memory during recall
- The act of restoring something to an earlier state.
- The action of reconstructing something, not necessarily to the earlier state.
- A thing that has been reconstructed or restored to an earlier state.
- The recreation or retelling of the (purported) events leading up to a certain outcome.
- (linguistics) A result of linguistic reconstruction; a model representing an unattested linguistic unit: a phoneme, a morpheme or a word.
noun
- (construction) A poured-concrete foundation for a building.
- (geometry) A region between two parallel lines in the Euclidean plane, or between two parallel planes in three-dimensional Euclidean space, or between two hyperplanes in higher dimensions.
- An outside piece taken from a log or timber when sawing it into boards, planks, etc.
- (physical geography) Ellipsis of slab avalanche.
- A paving stone; a flagstone.
- (geology) Part of a tectonic plate that is being, or has been, subducted.
- (programming) The amount by which a cache can grow or shrink, used in memory allocation.
- (US, slang) A large, luxury pre-1980 General Motors vehicle, particularly a Buick, Oldsmobile, or Cadillac.
- (nautical) The slack part of a sail.
- (Southern US, slang) A car that has been modified with equipment such as loudspeakers, lights, special paint, hydraulics, and other accessories.
- (computing) A sequence of 12 adjacent bits, serving as a byte in some computers.
- A flat, sealed plastic case that encloses a flat collector's item, such as a coin or a trading card.
- A large, flat piece of solid material; a solid object that is large and flat.
- (surfing) A very large wave.
- (Australia) A carton containing 24 cans (chiefly of beer).
- (taxation, especially India) Any of the several portions or tiers in a tax rate plan.
- block consisting of a thick piece of something
verb
noun
- Patterns used in construction drawings to represent various materials.
- (art, drawing, drafting) A method of shading areas of a drawing or diagram with fine parallel lines.
- (zoology) The act of an egg hatching, eclosion.
- (zoology) A group of birds, reptiles, fish, insects, etc., which emerge from their eggs at the same time.
- shading consisting of multiple crossing lines
- the production of young from an egg
verb
noun
- the act of constructing something (as a piece of machinery)
- a group of machine parts that fit together to form a self-contained unit
- a group of persons who are gathered together for a common purpose
- the social act of assembling
- a public facility to meet for open discussion
- a unit consisting of components that have been fitted together
- A set of pieces that work together in unison as a mechanism or device.
- (computing) Ellipsis of assembly language.
- (military) A beat of the drum or sound of the bugle as a signal to troops to assemble.
- A congregation of people in one place for a purpose.
- (computing, Microsoft .NET) A building block of an application, similar to a DLL, but containing both executable code and information normally found in a DLL's type library. The type library information in an assembly, called a manifest, describes public functions, data, classes, and version information.
- (politics) A legislative body.
- The act or process of putting together a set of pieces, fragments, or elements.
noun
- the act of constructing something (as a piece of machinery)
- the act of making something (a product) from raw materials
- a deliberately false or improbable account
- writing in a fictional form
- the deliberate act of deviating from the truth
- (countable) That which is fabricated; a falsehood.
- (cooking) The act of cutting up an animal carcass as preparation for cooking; butchery.
- (uncountable) The act of fabricating, framing, or constructing; construction; manufacture
adj
noun
- the act of fabricating something in a particular shape
- any process serving to define the shape of something
- The action of the metal-cutting machine called a shaper, which uses linear single-point cutting. It is largely but not entirely obsolete.
- (psychology) A method of positive reinforcement of behaviour patterns in a series of steps in operant conditioning.
- The action of the verb to shape.
verb
verb
adj
noun
verb
- construct, build, or erect
- cause to rise up
- (intransitive) To enter a state of physiological erection.
- (intransitive, aviation, of a gyroscopic attitude indicator) To spin up and align to vertical.
- (transitive) To set up or establish; to found; to form; to institute.
- (transitive, astrology) To cast or draw up (a figure of the heavens, horoscope etc.).
- (transitive) To cause to stand up or out.
- (transitive) To animate; to encourage; to cheer.
- (transitive) To set up as an assertion or consequence from premises, etc.
- (transitive) To lift up; to elevate; to exalt; to magnify.
- (transitive) To put up by the fitting together of materials or parts.
- To raise and place in an upright or perpendicular position; to set upright; to raise.
adj
- of sexual organs; stiff and rigid
- upright in position or posture
- (of body parts) Rigid, firm; standing out perpendicularly, especially as the result of stimulation.
- Watchful; alert.
- (of a person) Having an erect penis or clitoris.
- Upright; vertical or reaching broadly upwards.
- (heraldry) Elevated, as the tips of wings, heads of serpents, etc.
verb
- construct, build, or erect
- (transitive) To build a structure.
- propose as a candidate for some honor
- put up with something or somebody unpleasant
- place so as to be noticed
- make available for sale at an auction
- mount or put up
- provide
- provide someone with accommodation
- preserve in a can or tin
- (transitive) To place in a high location.
- Synonym of frame up (“falsely pin a crime on”).
- (US, Canada, transitive, sports, idiomatic) To score; to accumulate scoring. Ellipsis of to put up on the scoreboard.
- (transitive, idiomatic) To house; to shelter; to take in.
- (transitive, food and drink, idiomatic) To can (food) domestically; to preserve (meat, fruit or vegetables) by sterilizing and storing in a bottle, jar or can.
- (transitive, idiomatic) To present, especially in "put up a fight".
- (transitive, African-American Vernacular, slang) To kill (someone).
- (transitive) To endure; to put up with; to tolerate.
- (transitive) To style (the hair) up on the head, instead of letting it hang down.
- (transitive) To make available; to offer.
- (transitive, printing, historical) To set (matter) in capital letters; to switch text from lowercase to capital letters.
- (transitive, African-American Vernacular, slang) To compliment or respect (someone); to number (someone) among some greats.
- (transitive, idiomatic) To store away.
- (transitive) To hang; to mount.
- (hunting, transitive) To cause (wild game) to break cover.
- (transitive) To provide funds in advance.
- (transitive, idiomatic, used with "to") To cajole or dare (someone) to do (something).
adj
verb
- construct, build, or erect
- To form by the accumulation of materials or constituent parts; to build up; to erect.
- raise in rank or condition
- summon into action or bring into existence, often as if by magic
- put forward for consideration or discussion
- give a promotion to or assign to a higher position
- increase the level of
- put an end to a situation
- bid (one's partner's suit) at a higher level
- bring (a surface or a design) into relief and cause to project
- bet more than the previous player
- create a disturbance, especially by making a great noise
- collect funds for a specific purpose
- cause to be heard or known; express or utter
- move upwards
- call forth (emotions, feelings, and responses)
- cause to become alive again
- cause to puff up with a leaven
- raise the level or amount of something
- activate or stir up
- multiply (a number) by itself a specified number of times: 8 is 2 raised to the power 3
- invigorate or heighten
- establish radio communications with
- raise from a lower to a higher position
- cultivate by growing, often involving improvements by means of agricultural techniques
- pronounce (vowels) by bringing the tongue closer to the roof of the mouth
- register formally as a participant or member
- look after a child until it is an adult
- cause to assemble or enlist in military
- (figurative) To cause (a dead person) to live again; to resurrect.
- (metalworking, transitive) To emboss (sheet metal), or to form it into cup-shaped or hollow articles, by hammering, stamping, or spinning.
- To cause something to come to the surface of water.
- Misspelling of raze.
- (law) To create; to constitute (a use, or a beneficial interest in property).
- To establish contact with (e.g., by telephone or radio).
- To bring into being; to produce; to cause to arise, come forth, or appear.
- (arithmetic) To exponentiate, to involute.
- (physical) To cause to rise; to lift or elevate.
- (nautical) To cause (the land or any other object) to seem higher by drawing nearer to it.
- To collect or amass.
- (linguistics, transitive, of a vowel) To produce a vowel with the tongue positioned closer to the roof of the mouth.
- To increase the nominal value of (a cheque, money order, etc.) by fraudulently changing the writing or printing in which the sum payable is specified.
- (India, transitive) To open, initiate.
- To promote.
- (military, transitive) To relinquish (a siege), or cause this to be done.
- (poker, intransitive) To respond to a bet by increasing the amount required to continue in the hand.
- To mention (a question, issue) for discussion.
- (linguistics, transitive, of a verb) To extract (a subject or other verb argument) out of an inner clause.
- (transitive) To create, increase or develop.
- (military) To remove or break up (a blockade), either by withdrawing the ships or forces employed in enforcing it, or by driving them away or dispersing them.
- To bring up; to grow.
- (programming, transitive) To instantiate and transmit (an exception, by throwing it, or an event).
- To make (bread, etc.) light, as by yeast or leaven.
noun
- increasing the size of a bet (as in poker)
- the act of raising something
- an upward slope or grade (as in a road)
- the amount a salary is increased
- (curling) A shot in which the delivered stone bumps another stone forward.
- (weightlifting) A shoulder exercise in which the arms are elevated against resistance.
- (mining) A shaft or a winze that is dug from below, for purposes such as ventilation, local extraction of ore, or exploration.
- A cairn or pile of stones.
- (poker) A bet that increases the previous bet.
- (US) Ellipsis of pay raise (“an increase in wages or salary”).
verb
- construct, build, or erect
- (transitive, rare) To construct by building; to set up
- cause to rise up
- stand up on the hind legs, of quadrupeds
- rise up
- look after a child until it is an adult
- (transitive) To move; stir.
- (transitive, vulgar, British) To sodomize (perform anal sex)
- (intransitive) To rise up on the hind legs.
- (transitive, said of people towards animals) To breed and raise.
- (intransitive, usually with "up") To get angry.
- (transitive, literary) To raise physically or metaphorically; to lift up; to cause to rise, to elevate.
- To place in the rear; to secure the rear of.
- (intransitive) To rise high above, tower above.
- (transitive, of geese) To carve.
- (transitive) To bring up to maturity, as offspring; to educate; to instruct; to foster.
- (transitive, rare) To raise spiritually; to lift up; to elevate morally.
adj
noun
- the part of something that is furthest from the normal viewer
- the back of a military formation or procession
- the side of an object that is opposite its front
- the fleshy part of the human body that you sit on
- the side that goes last or is not normally seen
- (military) Specifically, the part of an army or fleet which comes last, or is stationed behind the rest.
- The back or hindmost part; that which is behind, or last in order.
- (anatomy) The buttocks or bottom.
adv
verb
- construct, build, or erect
- equip with sails or masts
- set up or found
- take or catch as if in a snare or trap
- put into a proper or systematic order
- place
- arrange thoughts, ideas, temporal events
- begin, or enable someone else to begin, a venture by providing the means, logistics, etc.
- make ready or suitable or equip in advance for a particular purpose or for some use, event, etc
- arrange the outcome of by means of deceit
- get ready for a particular purpose or event
- create by putting components or members together
- produce
- erect and fasten
- set up for use
- (transitive) To establish someone in a business or position.
- (transitive) To matchmake; to arrange a date between two people.
- (transitive) To found; to start (a business, scheme)
- (sports, transitive) To create a goalscoring opportunity (for).
- (informal, transitive, criminology) To trick or lure (someone) in order to entrap them.
- (transitive) To arrange for an outcome; to tamper or rig.
- (transitive) To arrange logically.
- (intransitive) To level to rise in one part of a body of water, especially a shallow one, because of a storm surge caused by persistent wind.
- (boxing) To deceive an opponent and capitalize on their reactions with a certain technique or maneuver.
- (transitive) To provide the money or other support that someone needs for an important task or activity.
- (intransitive) To gel or harden.
- (transitive) To trap or ensnare.
- To profess openly; to make pretensions.
- (intransitive) To prepare or get ready.
- To cause to take flight; to flush into the air.
- (transitive) To make (someone) proud or conceited (often in passive).
- (transitive) To make ready for use.
- (transitive) To cause to happen.
adj
verb
- To erect; to construct.
- To close up by building.
- (card games) In solitaire card games, to place a card over another card of lower value. (e.g., place 5♦ over 4♣)
- (transitive, idiomatic) To strengthen.
- (intransitive, transitive, idiomatic) To accumulate: to increase incrementally or continually.
- bolster or strengthen
- change the use of and make available or usable
- enlarge, develop, or increase by degrees or in stages
- form or accumulate steadily
- prepare oneself for a military confrontation
noun
verb
- be erected, built, or constructed
- move towards
- burn completely; be consumed or destroyed by fire
- go upward with gradual or continuous progress
- move upward
- increase in value or to a higher point
- travel up
- (intransitive) To be consumed by fire.
- Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see go, up.
- (cricket) To appeal for a dismissal.
- (intransitive) To be built or erected.
- (intransitive) To be imprisoned.
- (intransitive) To rise or increase in price, cost, or value.
- (intransitive, performing arts) To forget lines or blocks during public performance.
- (intransitive) To move upwards.
- (intransitive) To go bankrupt; to be ruined.
verb
- (transitive, construction) To lay bricks in a specific pattern.
- (transitive, electricity) To make a reliable electrical connection between two conductors (or any pieces of metal that may potentially become conductors).
- (transitive) To put in a bonded warehouse; to secure (goods) until the associated duties are paid.
- (transitive, chemistry) To form a chemical compound with.
- (transitive) To guarantee or secure a financial risk.
- (transitive) To connect, secure or tie with a bond; to bind.
- To bail out by means of a bail bond.
- (transitive) To cause to adhere (one material with another).
- To form a friendship or emotional connection.
- issue bonds on
- bring together in a common cause or emotion
- stick to firmly
- create social or emotional ties
adj
noun
- (finance) A documentary obligation to pay a sum or to perform a contract; a debenture.
- (law) A bail bond.
- (railways) A heavy copper wire or rod connecting adjacent rails of an electric railway track when used as a part of the electric circuit.
- Moral or political duty or obligation.
- (law) A document constituting evidence of a long-term debt, by which the bond issuer (the borrower) is obliged to pay interest when due, and repay the principal at maturity, as specified on the face of the bond certificate. The rights of the holder are specified in the bond indenture, which contains the legal terms and conditions under which the bond was issued. Bonds are available in two forms: registered bonds, and bearer bonds.
- Any constraining or cementing force or material.
- (construction) In building, a specific pattern of bricklaying, based on overlapping rows or layers to give strength.
- A peasant; churl.
- An emotional link, connection or union; that which holds two or more people together, as in a friendship; a tie.
- (by ellipsis) Bond paper.
- (often in the plural) A physical connection which binds, a band.
- A vassal; serf; one held in bondage to a superior.
- (chemistry) A link or force between neighbouring atoms in a molecule.
- (Scotland) A mortgage.
- A binding agreement, a covenant.
- A partial payment made to show a provider that the customer is sincere about buying a product or a service. If the product or service is not purchased the customer then forfeits the bond.
- (uncountable) The state of being stored in a bonded warehouse
- a connection based on kinship or marriage or common interest
- the property of sticking together (as of glue and wood) or the joining of surfaces of different composition
- a certificate of debt (usually interest-bearing or discounted) that is issued by a government or corporation in order to raise money; the issuer is required to pay a fixed sum annually until maturity and then a fixed sum to repay the principal
- a superior quality of strong durable white writing paper; originally made for printing documents
- a connection that fastens things together
- an electrical force linking atoms
- a restraint that confines or restricts freedom (especially something used to tie down or restrain a prisoner)
- (criminal law) money that must be forfeited by the bondsman if an accused person fails to appear in court for trial
verb
- form by carving
- engrave or cut by chipping away at a surface
- cut to pieces
- To shape to sculptural effect; to produce (a work) by cutting, or to cut (a material) into a finished work, especially with cuts that are curved rather than only straight slices.
- (figuratively) To take or make, as by cutting; to provide.
- To cut meat in order to serve it.
- To lay out; to contrive; to design; to plan.
- (snowboarding) To perform a series of turns without pivoting, so that the tip and tail of the snowboard take the same path.
noun
verb
- be engaged in building
- bolster or strengthen
- improve the cleansing action of
- develop and grow
- give form to, according to a plan
- order, supervise, or finance the construction of
- form or accumulate steadily
- make by combining materials and parts
- build or establish something abstract
- found or ground
- (transitive, computing) To construct (software) by compiling its source code.
- (transitive) To establish a basis for (something).
- (intransitive, computing, of source code) To be converted into software by compilation, usually with minimal human intervention.
- (intransitive) To form by combining materials or parts.
- (transitive) To develop or give form to (something) according to a plan or process.
- (intransitive) To develop in magnitude or extent.
- (transitive) To form (something) by combining materials or parts.
- (transitive) To increase or strengthen (something) by adding gradually to.
noun
- constitution of the human body
- alternative names for the body of a human being
- (countable, uncountable) The physique of a human or animal body, or other object; constitution or structure.
- (gaming, slang, countable) A structure, such as a building, statue, pool or forest created by the player.
- (countable) The process or period of constructing a physical object.
- (computing, countable) Any of various versions of a software product as it is being developed for release to users.
- (gaming, slang, countable) A configuration of a character's items or skills created by the player.
verb
- (transitive) To plan and carry out (a picture, work of art, construction etc.).
- To manifest requirements to be satisfied by an object or process for them to solve a problem.
- conceive or fashion in the mind; invent
- create designs
- intend or have as a purpose
- plan something for a specific role or purpose or effect
- make or work out a plan for; devise
- create the design for; create or execute in an artistic or highly skilled manner
noun
- Intention or plot.
- A plan (with more or less detail) for the structure and functions of an artifact, building or system.
- A pattern, as an element of a work of art or architecture.
- (particularly) Malicious or malevolent intention.
- The art of designing
- The composition of a work of art.
- The shape or appearance given to an object, especially one that is intended to make it more attractive.
- A specification of an object or process, referring to requirements to be satisfied and thus conditions to be met for them to solve a problem.
- something intended as a guide for making something else
- the act of working out the form of something (as by making a sketch or outline or plan)
- a decorative or artistic work
- the creation of something in the mind
- an arrangement scheme
- a preliminary sketch indicating the plan for something
- an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions
verb
- (transitive, engineering) To give a definite form by chiselling, milling, etc.
- To act based on such a summary, especially one that is a stereotype; to engage in profiling.
- (transitive) To draw in profile or outline.
- (computing, transitive) To measure the performance of various parts of (a program) so as to locate bottlenecks.
- (transitive) To create a summary or collection of information about (a person, etc.).
- write about
- represent in profile, by drawing or painting
noun
- (countable) The shape, view, or shadow of a person's head from the side; a side view.
- Character; totality of related characteristics; signature; status (especially in scientific, technical, or military uses).
- (architecture) A section of any member, made at right angles with its main lines, showing the exact shape of mouldings etc.
- (archaeology) A smoothed (e.g., troweled or brushed) vertical surface of an excavation showing evidence of at least one feature or diagnostic specimen; the graphic recording of such as by sketching, photographing, etc.
- (figurative, uncountable) Reputation, prominence; noticeability.
- (countable) A summary or collection of information, especially about a person.
- (countable) The outermost shape, view, or edge of an object.
- (uncountable) The amount by which something protrudes.
- (military slang) An exemption from certain types of duties due to injury or disability.
- (civil engineering) A drawing exhibiting a vertical section of the ground along a surveyed line, or graded work, as of a railway, showing elevations, depressions, grades, etc.
- (computing, countable) A user's preferences.
- (Internet, countable) A specific page or field in which users can provide various types of personal information in software or Internet systems.
- a vertical section of the Earth's crust showing the different horizons or layers
- biographical sketch
- an analysis (often in graphical form) representing the extent to which something exhibits various characteristics
- degree of exposure to public notice
- an outline of something (especially a human face as seen from one side)
verb
- form or compose
- work in a specific place, with a specific subject, or in a specific function
- occupy a certain position or area; be somewhere
- spend or use time
- have the quality of being; (copula, used with an adjective or a predicate noun)
- be priced at
- have an existence, be extant
- have life, be alive
- be identical to; be someone or something
- be identical or equivalent to
- represent, as of a character on stage
- to remain unmolested, undisturbed, or uninterrupted — used only in infinitive form
- To occupy a place.
- (with there, or dialectally it, as dummy subject) To exist.
- To pass or spend (time).
- (formal) Used with to-infinitives of verbs to express intent, obligation, appropriateness, or relative future occurrence.
- Used to indicate that the subject has the qualities described by an adjective or prepositional phrase.
- (rare and regional, chiefly in the past tense) Used to link two noun clauses: a day of the week, recurring date, month, or other specific time (on which the event of the main clause took place) and a period of time indicating how long ago that day was.
- (with a dummy subject it) Used to indicate the time of day.
- To remain undisturbed in a certain state or situation.
- Used to indicate that the subject has the qualities described by a noun or noun phrase.
- Used with past participles of certain intransitive verbs to form the perfect aspect.
- To take a period of time.
- (often impersonal, with it as a dummy subject) Used to indicate ambient conditions such as weather, light, noise or air quality.
- (with a cardinal numeral) Used to state the age of a subject in years.
- Used to declare the subject and object identical or equivalent.
- (in perfect tenses) Elliptical form of "be here", "go to and return from" or similar, also extending to certain other senses of "go".
- (auxiliary) Used with past participles of verbs to form the passive voice.
- (now usually literary) To exist; to have real existence, to be alive.
- Used to link a subject to a measurement.
- To occur, to take place.
- Used with present participles of verbs to form the continuous aspect.
- (colloquial, humorous) To have (a condition, especially a mental or physical disability).
- Used to indicate that a predicate nominal applies to the subject.
- (dynamic / lexical be, especially in progressive tenses, conjugated non-suppletively in the present tense, see usage notes) To exist or behave in a certain way.
- (African-American Vernacular, Caribbean, Ireland, auxiliary, not conjugated) To tend to do, often do; marks the habitual aspect.
- (with since) Used to indicate passage of time since the occurrence of an event.
noun
verb
- form or compose
- include or contain; have as a component
- be composed of
- (transitive) To be made up of; to consist of (especially a comprehensive list of parts).
- (sometimes proscribed, usually in the passive) To compose; to constitute.
- (patent law) To include, contain, or be made up of, defining the minimum elements, whether essential or inessential to define an invention.
verb
- form or compose
- make up work that was missed due to absence at a later point
- adjust for
- come to terms
- concoct something artificial or untrue
- devise or compose
- apply make-up or cosmetics to one's face to appear prettier
- put in order or neaten
- do or give something to somebody in return
- To apply cosmetics.
- (transitive, intransitive, reflexive) To prepare (someone) for a theatrical performance by means of costume, cosmetics, etc.
- (intransitive) To compensate (for).
- To compile or draw up (a list, document, etc.).
- To draw near to, approach to.
- To invent, to imagine, to concoct
- (transitive, intransitive, reflexive) To apply cosmetics or makeup to (a face, facial feature).
- (transitive) To constitute the components of a whole.
- To invent or fabricate (a story, claim, etc.).
- (transitive, intransitive) To resolve or settle an argument, dispute, conflict, or fight (e.g., with someone).
- To constitute, to compose.
- To put together (a substance, material, garment, medicine, etc.) into a specific form; to assemble.
- To make peace, to settle a dispute.
- (transitive) To compensate for (a deficiency, defect, etc.); to supply (something missing).
- To make social or romantic advances to; to pay court to.
noun
verb
- form or compose
- be typical of
- perform (a play), especially on a stage
- describe or present, usually with respect to a particular quality
- create an image or likeness of
- play a role or part
- be the defense counsel for someone in a trial
- express indirectly by an image, form, or model; be a symbol
- bring forward and present to the mind
- be representative or typical for
- to establish a mapping (of mathematical elements or sets)
- be a delegate or spokesperson for; represent somebody's interest or be a proxy or substitute for, as of politicians and office holders representing their constituents, or of a tenant representing other tenants in a housing dispute
- take the place of or be parallel or equivalent to
- serve as a means of expressing something
- point out or draw attention to in protest or remonstrance
- (by extension) To present again, possibly in an altered form.
- (transitive) To portray visually; to delineate
- (transitive) To serve as a sign or symbol of.
- (transitive) To bring a certain sensation of into the mind; to cause to be known, felt, or apprehended; to present.
- (politics, transitive) To act as a representative of (a country, state, district etc.)
- (transitive) To constitute, to make up, to be an example of.
- (transitive) To stand or act in the place of; to perform the duties, exercise the rights, or otherwise act on behalf of
- (medicine) To present again, for instance for medical attention.
- (poker, transitive) To play as if holding (a set of cards); to play as if having made (a hand).
- (transitive) To form or image again in consciousness, as an object of cognition or apprehension (something presentative, which was originally apprehended by direct presentation).
- (transitive) To portray by mimicry or acting; to act the part or character of
- (transitive) To give an account of; to describe.
- (transitive) To portray to another using language; to show; to give one's own impressions and judgement of
- (sports, transitive) To participate as a team member.
- (transitive) To present again or anew; to present by means of something standing in the place of; to exhibit the counterpart or image of; to typify.
- (intransitive, African-American Vernacular) To constitute a good example or symbol of a group of people; to acquit oneself well.
verb
verb
noun
adj
- Involving the mechanics of construction.
- affecting or involved in structure or construction
- Of, relating to, or having structure.
- pertaining to geological structure
- relating to or having or characterized by structure
- concerned with systematic structure in a particular field of study
- relating to or concerned with the morphology of plants and animals
- relating to or caused by structure, especially political or economic structure
noun
adj
- promoting construction or creation
- having the ability or power to create
- (set theory) A type of set of natural numbers, related to mathematical logic.
- Tending to create things, or having the ability to create; often, excellently, in a novel fashion, or any or all of these.
- (euphemistic, of art) bad, unartistic, busy.
- Designed or executed to deceive or mislead.
- (of a created thing) Original, expressive and imaginative.
noun
adj
- Built, constructed.
- (US, bartending) Chilled and served without ice; (often specifically) shaken with ice and then strained into a coupe for serving, leaving the ice behind.
- Awake and out of bed.
- (horse-racing) Riding the horse; mounted.
- (of the sun or moon) Above the horizon, in the sky.
- (computing) Functional; working.
- (usually in the phrase up for) Willing; ready.
- Fitted or fixed at a high or relatively high position, especially on a wall or ceiling.
- Next in a sequence.
- Facing upwards.
- Headed or designated to go upward (as an escalator, stairway, elevator etc.) or toward (as a run-up).
- Ahead; leading; winning.
- (poker, postnominal) Said of the higher-ranking pair in a two pair.
- Raised; lifted.
- Aloft.
- (slang, graffiti) well-known; renowned
- In a good mood.
- (of a railway line or train) Traveling towards a major terminus.
- Well-informed; current.
- Larger; greater in quantity, volume, value etc.
- (slang) Erect.
- On or at a physically higher level.
- (predicative only) Finished, to an end
- (by extension) Available to view or use; made public; posted.
- (predicative only) Happening; new; of concern. See also what's up, what's up with.
- Indicating a larger or higher quantity.
- Standing; upright.
- out of bed
- (used of computers) operating properly
- extending or moving toward a higher place
- open
- getting higher or more vigorous
- being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level
- used up
- (usually followed by ‘on’ or ‘for’) in readiness
adv
- Away from the surface of the Earth or other planet; in opposite direction to the downward pull of gravity.
- (cricket) Relatively close to the batsman.
- (figuratively) To a higher level of some quantity or notional quantity, such as price, volume, pitch, happiness, etc.
- To or at a physically higher or more elevated position.
- (rail transport) Towards the principal terminus, towards milepost zero.
- To one's possession or consideration.
- To the north (as north is at the top of typical maps).
- To an upright or erect position.
- (sailing) Against the wind or current.
- (Cartesian graph) In a positive vertical direction.
- Towards the source of a river, against the direction of flow.
- To or towards what is considered the top of something, irrespective of whether this is presently physically higher.
- Aside or away, so as no longer to be present or in use.
- From one's possession or consideration.
- Towards or at a central place, or any place that is visualised as 'up' by virtue of local features or local convention, or arbitrarily, irrespective of direction or elevation change.
- (intensifier) Used as an aspect marker to indicate a completed action or state; thoroughly, completely.
- (US, bartending) Without additional ice.
- To or in a position of equal advance or equality; not short of, back of, less advanced than, away from, etc.; usually followed by to or with.
- to a more central or a more northerly place
- spatially or metaphorically from a lower to a higher position
- to a higher intensity
- to a later time
- nearer to the speaker
noun
prep
- (vulgar slang) Of a person: having sex with.
- Toward the top of.
- From south to north of.
- From the mouth towards the source of (a river or waterway).
- Further along (in any direction).
- (colloquial) At (a given place, especially one imagined to be higher or more distant from a central location).
- Toward the center, source, or main point of reference; toward the end at which something is attached.
verb
- (computing, slang, transitive) To upload.
- (transitive, colloquial) To promote.
- (intransitive, often in combination with another verb) To rise to a standing position; hence, by extension, to act suddenly; see also up and.
- (transitive, colloquial) To increase the level or amount of.
- (transitive, poetic or in certain phrases) To physically raise or lift.
- raise
adj
- forming or capable of forming or molding or fashioning
- capable of forming new cells and tissues
- (linguistic morphology) Pertaining to the formation of words; specifically, of an affix: forming words through inflection.
- Of or pertaining to the formation and subsequent growth of something.
- (education) Of a form of assessment: used to guide learning rather than to quantify educational outcomes.
- Capable of forming something.
- (biology) Capable of producing new tissue.
noun
adj
- forming or capable of forming or molding or fashioning
- capable of being influenced or formed
- capable of being molded or modeled (especially of earth or clay or other soft material)
- (figurative, derogatory) Inferior or not the real thing.
- Of or pertaining to the inelastic, non-brittle, deformation of a material.
- Made of plastic.
- (informal, birdwatching, of a species or individual bird) Introduced, rather than native or naturally vagrant.
- (biology) Capable of adapting to varying conditions; characterized by environmental adaptability.
- (figurative, informal, of a person) Fake, insincere, especially in a shallow and conformist way pretending to smoothness and glossy flawlessness.
- (informal, birdwatching, of an individual bird) Escaped from captivity, rather than wild.
- Capable of being moulded; malleable, flexible, pliant.
noun
- a card (usually plastic) that assures a seller that the person using it has sufficient means of payment and that the issuer will see to it that the seller receives payment for the merchandise delivered
- generic name for certain synthetic or semisynthetic materials that can be molded or extruded into objects or films or filaments or used for making e.g. coatings and adhesives
- (slang, countable) An instance of plastic surgery.
- (slang) Synonym of Plastic Paddy.
- (colloquial, metonymic) Credit or debit cards used in place of cash to buy goods and services.
- A synthetic, solid, hydrocarbon-based polymer, whether thermoplastic or thermosetting.
- (figurative, slang) Insincerity; fakeness; a person who is fake or arrogant, or believes that they are better than the rest of the population; a narcissistic, affected person.
adj
noun
- the act of fabricating something in a particular shape
- any process serving to define the shape of something
- The action of the metal-cutting machine called a shaper, which uses linear single-point cutting. It is largely but not entirely obsolete.
- (psychology) A method of positive reinforcement of behaviour patterns in a series of steps in operant conditioning.
- The action of the verb to shape.
verb
adj
noun
adj
- substantially made or constructed
- violent and lawless
- feeling physical discomfort or pain (‘tough’ is occasionally used colloquially for ‘bad’)
- unfortunate or hard to bear
- not given to gentleness or sentimentality
- very difficult; severely testing stamina or resolution
- resistant to cutting or chewing
- making great mental demands; hard to comprehend or solve or believe
- physically toughened
- (of a person or animal) Rugged or physically hardy.
- (of food) Difficult to cut or chew.
- (of a material) Strong and resilient; sturdy.
- (of questions, etc.) Difficult or demanding.
- Rowdy or rough.
- (of a person) Stubborn or persistent; capable of stubbornness or persistence.
- (of weather, etc.) Harsh or severe.
- (material science) Undergoing plastic deformation before breaking.
- Strict, not lenient.