Слова на English для '(programming) Practice of always using references instead of copies of equal objects.'
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adj
noun
- something referred to; the object of a reference
- the first term in a proposition; the term to which other terms relate
- something that refers; a term that refers to another term
- That which is referenced.
- (semantics) The specific entity in the world that a word or phrase identifies or denotes: what it refers to.
noun
noun
adj
name
noun
- (often attributive) A reference work.
- (UK, Ireland) A person who provides this information; a referee.
- The act of referring: a submitting for information or decision.
- A measurement one can compare (some other measurement) to.
- (semantics) A relation between objects in which one object designates, or acts as a means by which to connect to or link to, another object.
- (computing) An object containing information which refers to data stored elsewhere, as opposed to containing the data itself.
- Information about a person, provided by someone (a referee) with whom they are well acquainted.
- (academic writing) A short written identification of a previously published work which is used as a source for a text.
- (programming, character entity) A special sequence used to represent complex characters in markup languages, such as ™ for the ™ symbol.
- (academic writing) A previously published written work thus indicated; a source.
- a remark that calls attention to something or someone
- the act of referring or consulting
- an indicator that orients you generally
- a book to which you can refer for authoritative facts
- a publication (or a passage from a publication) that is referred to
- the relation between a word or phrase and the object or idea it refers to
- the most direct or specific meaning of a word or expression; the class of objects that an expression refers to
- (computer science) the code that identifies where a piece of information is stored
- a short note recognizing a source of information or of a quoted passage
- a formal recommendation by a former employer to a potential future employer describing the person's qualifications and dependability
verb
noun
- (object-oriented programming) Automatic conversion of value types to objects by wrapping them within a heap-allocated reference type.
- Material used for making boxes or casing.
- (construction) Casing.
- (sports) A sport where two opponents punch each other with gloved fists to head and torso; the object being to score more points by the end of the match or by knockout, or technical knockout.
- the enclosure of something in a package or box
- fighting with the fists
verb
name
- (programming, attributive) A technique that involves hiding a class's data behind a pointer, so that the code remains binary-compatible even after future changes to members and functionality.
- A fictional cat with a broad fixed grin, made popular by Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (1865).
noun
- an ordered reference standard
- a metal sheathing of uniform thickness (such as the shield attached to an artillery piece to protect the gunners)
- an indicator having a graduated sequence of marks
- a measuring instrument for weighing; shows amount of mass
- relative magnitude
- a thin flake of dead epidermis shed from the surface of the skin
- the ratio between the size of something and a representation of it
- a specialized leaf or bract that protects a bud or catkin
- a flattened rigid plate forming part of the body covering of many animals
- (music) a series of notes differing in pitch according to a specific scheme (usually within an octave)
- An ordered, usually numerical sequence used for measurement; means of assigning a magnitude.
- (uncountable) Limescale.
- Size; scope.
- (uncountable) The flaky material sloughed off heated metal.
- A device to measure mass or weight.
- (uncountable, US) An infestation of scale insects on a plant; commonly thought of as, or mistaken for, a disease.
- A standard amount of money to be paid for a service, for example union-negotiated amounts received by a performer or writer; similar to wage scale or pay grade.
- (music) A series of notes spanning an octave, tritave, or pseudo-octave, used to make melodies.
- Either of the pans, trays, or dishes of a balance or scales.
- Scale mail (as opposed to chain mail).
- A flake of skin of an animal afflicted with dermatitis.
- A mathematical base for a numeral system; radix.
- Part of an overlapping arrangement of many small, flat and hard pieces of keratin covering the skin of an animal, particularly a fish or reptile.
- A small piece of pigmented chitin, many of which coat the wings of a butterfly or moth to give them their color.
- The thin metallic side plate of the handle of a pocketknife.
- A scale insect.
- A line or bar associated with a drawing, used to indicate measurement when the image has been magnified or reduced.
- The ratio of depicted distance to actual distance.
- Part of an overlapping arrangement of many small, flat and hard protective layers forming a pinecone that flare when mature to release pine nut seeds.
- Gradation; succession of ascending and descending steps and degrees; progressive series; scheme of comparative rank or order.
verb
- measure by or as if by a scale
- climb up by means of a ladder
- take by attacking with scaling ladders
- reach the highest point of
- remove the scales from
- measure with or as if with scales
- pattern, make, regulate, set, measure, or estimate according to some rate or standard
- size or measure according to a scale
- (transitive) To change the size of something whilst maintaining proportion; especially to change a process in order to produce much larger amounts of the final product.
- (transitive) To climb to the top of.
- (transitive) To take off in thin layers or scales, as tartar from the teeth; to pare off, as a surface.
- (transitive) To weigh, measure or grade according to a scale or system.
- (intransitive) To separate and come off in thin layers or laminae.
- (transitive) To remove the scales of.
- (intransitive) To become scaly; to produce or develop scales.
- (UK, Scotland, dialect) To scatter; to spread.
- (transitive) To clean, as the inside of a cannon, by the explosion of a small quantity of powder.
- (manufacturing, transitive) To take measurements from (an engineering drawing), treating them as (or as if) reliable dimensional instructions. This practice often works but can produce latently incorrect results and is thus usually deprecated.
- (intransitive, computing) To tolerate significant increases in throughput or other potentially limiting factors.
- (transitive) To strip or clear of scale; to descale.
noun
adj
verb
noun
- (programming) A design pattern in object oriented methodology in which a collection is iterated uniformly.
- (computing) An indicator, often a blinking line or bar, indicating where the next insertion or other edit will take place.
- A part of any of several scientific or measuring instruments that moves back and forth to indicate a position.
- (databases) A reference to a row of data in a table, which moves from row to row as data is retrieved by way of it.
- (graphical user interface) A moving icon or other representation, usually called a pointer, of the position of the pointing device.
- (computer science) indicator consisting of a movable spot of light (an icon) on a visual display; moving it allows the user to point to commands or screen positions
verb
noun
- (object-oriented programming, countable) A set of objects having the same behavior (but typically differing in state), or a template defining such a set in terms of its common properties, functions, etc.
- Best of its kind.
- (uncountable) Admirable behavior; elegance.
- (countable) A group, collection, category or set sharing characteristics or attributes.
- (military) A group of people subject to be conscripted in the same military draft, or more narrowly those persons actually conscripted in a particular draft.
- (uncountable) The division of society into classes.
- (sociology, countable) A social grouping, based on job, wealth, etc. In Britain, society is commonly split into three main classes: upper class, middle class and working class.
- (taxonomy, countable) A rank in the classification of organisms, below phylum and above order; a taxon of that rank.
- (India) a grade, standard, level of education.
- (countable) A group of students who commenced or completed their education during a particular year. A school class.
- A series of lessons covering a single subject.
- (statistics) A grouping of data values in an interval, often used for computation of a frequency distribution.
- (education, countable and uncountable) A group of students in a regularly scheduled meeting with a teacher.
- (countable) A category of seats in an airplane, train or other means of mass transportation.
- A single lesson in a series.
- One of the sections into which a Methodist church or congregation is divided, supervised by a class leader.
- (set theory) A collection of sets definable by a shared property, especially one which is not itself a set (in which case the class is called proper).
- elegance in dress or behavior
- a body of students who graduate together
- (biology) a taxonomic group containing one or more orders
- education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings
- a league ranked by quality
- a collection of things sharing a common attribute
- people having the same social, economic, or educational status
- a body of students who are taught together
adj
verb
noun
- (programming) Initialism of single abstract method.
- (BDSM) Initialism of smartass masochist; a brat.
- (nanotechnology) Initialism of self-assembled monolayer.
- (military) Initialism of surface-to-air missile.
- Initialism of shared appreciation mortgage.
- (cardiology) Initialism of systolic anterior motion.
- (psychology) Initialism of split attraction model.
- a guided missile fired from land or shipboard against an airborne target
name
noun
- (uncountable, programming) Initialism of return-oriented programming.
- (uncountable, advertising) Initialism of run of press.
- (ophthalmology) Initialism of retinopathy of prematurity.
- (uncountable, advertising) Initialism of run of paper.
- (countable, computer graphics) A Render Output unit or raster operations pipeline.
noun
verb
adj
- (object-oriented programming) Not subclassable; from which one cannot inherit.
- Of a road: having an asphalt or macadamised surface.
- Closed by a seal (something to prevent leakage).
- Preventing entrance.
- covered with a waterproof coating
- closed or secured with or as if with a seal
- apply a non-porous coating to something so as to ensure it is impervious
- determined irrevocably
- (of walls) covered with a coat of plaster
- undisclosed for the time being
- established irrevocably
verb
verb
- (computing) To relate data items with a chain of pointers.
- (computing) To be chained to another data item.
- (transitive, computing, rare, associated with Acorn Computers) To load and automatically run (a program).
- (intransitive) To link multiple items together.
- (figurative) To connect as if with a chain, due to dependence, addiction, or other feelings
- (transitive) To measure a distance using a 66-foot long chain, as in land surveying.
- (figurative) To obligate.
- (transitive) To secure someone with fetters.
- (transitive) To fasten something with a chain.
- (transitive) To obstruct the mouth of a river etc with a chain.
- fasten or secure with chains
- connect or arrange into a chain by linking
noun
- A livery collar, a chain of office.
- (algebraic topology, homological algebra, more generally) An element of a group (or module) in a chain complex.
- A unit of length, exactly equal to 22 yards, which is 4 rods or 100 links, and approximately equal to 20.12 metres; the length of a Gunter's surveying chain; the length of a cricket pitch.
- That which confines, fetters, or secures; a bond.
- A series of stores or businesses with the same brand name.
- A series of interconnected things.
- (weaving) The warp threads of a web.
- (British) A sequence of linked house purchases, each of which is dependent on the preceding and succeeding purchase (said to be "broken" if a buyer or seller pulls out).
- (surveying) A series of interconnected links of known length, used as a measuring device.
- A series of interconnected rings or links usually made of metal.
- (surveying) A long measuring tape.
- (mathematics, set theory, order theory) A totally ordered set, especially a totally ordered subset of a poset.
- (nautical, in the plural) Iron links bolted to the side of a vessel to bold the dead-eyes connected with the shrouds; also, the channels.
- (algebraic topology, originally) A formal sum of cells in a CW complex of a certain dimension k (in which case the formal sums are called k'''-chains); a formal sum of simplices or cubes of a certain dimension in a simplical complex or cubical complex (respectively).
- (organic chemistry, physical chemistry) A number of atoms in a series, which combine to form a molecule.
- a unit of length
- a series of things depending on each other as if linked together
- (chemistry) a series of linked atoms (generally in an organic molecule)
- anything that acts as a restraint
- a series of (usually metal) rings or links fitted into one another to make a flexible ligament
- a necklace made by stringing objects together
- a linked or connected series of objects
- (business) a number of similar establishments (stores or restaurants or banks or hotels or theaters) under one ownership
- a series of hills or mountains
adj
noun
verb
- Used to declare the subject and object identical or equivalent.
- To occupy a place.
- (with there, or dialectally it, as dummy subject) To exist.
- To pass or spend (time).
- (formal) Used with to-infinitives of verbs to express intent, obligation, appropriateness, or relative future occurrence.
- Used to indicate that the subject has the qualities described by an adjective or prepositional phrase.
- (rare and regional, chiefly in the past tense) Used to link two noun clauses: a day of the week, recurring date, month, or other specific time (on which the event of the main clause took place) and a period of time indicating how long ago that day was.
- (with a dummy subject it) Used to indicate the time of day.
- To remain undisturbed in a certain state or situation.
- Used to indicate that the subject has the qualities described by a noun or noun phrase.
- Used with past participles of certain intransitive verbs to form the perfect aspect.
- To take a period of time.
- (often impersonal, with it as a dummy subject) Used to indicate ambient conditions such as weather, light, noise or air quality.
- (with a cardinal numeral) Used to state the age of a subject in years.
- (in perfect tenses) Elliptical form of "be here", "go to and return from" or similar, also extending to certain other senses of "go".
- (auxiliary) Used with past participles of verbs to form the passive voice.
- (now usually literary) To exist; to have real existence, to be alive.
- Used to link a subject to a measurement.
- To occur, to take place.
- Used with present participles of verbs to form the continuous aspect.
- (colloquial, humorous) To have (a condition, especially a mental or physical disability).
- Used to indicate that a predicate nominal applies to the subject.
- (dynamic / lexical be, especially in progressive tenses, conjugated non-suppletively in the present tense, see usage notes) To exist or behave in a certain way.
- (African-American Vernacular, Caribbean, Ireland, auxiliary, not conjugated) To tend to do, often do; marks the habitual aspect.
- (with since) Used to indicate passage of time since the occurrence of an event.
- work in a specific place, with a specific subject, or in a specific function
- occupy a certain position or area; be somewhere
- spend or use time
- have the quality of being; (copula, used with an adjective or a predicate noun)
- form or compose
- be priced at
- have an existence, be extant
- have life, be alive
- be identical to; be someone or something
- be identical or equivalent to
- represent, as of a character on stage
- to remain unmolested, undisturbed, or uninterrupted — used only in infinitive form
noun
noun
- (computing) A type of variable storing a reference to a method with a particular signature, analogous to a function pointer.
- A representative at a conference, etc.
- A member of a governmental legislature who lacks voting power.
- (US) An appointed representative in some legislative bodies.
- A person authorized to act as representative for another; a deputy.
- a person appointed or elected to represent others
verb
- (intransitive) To commit tasks and responsibilities to others, especially subordinates.
- (computing, Internet, transitive) (of a subdomain) To give away authority over a subdomain; to allow someone else to create sub-subdomains of a subdomain of one's own.
- (transitive) To commit (a task or responsibility) to someone, especially a subordinate.
- give an assignment to (a person) to a post, or assign a task to (a person)
- transfer power to someone
noun
- what you must know in order to determine the reference of an expression
- an idea that is implied or suggested
- (semantics) A meaning of a word or phrase that is suggested or implied, as opposed to a denotation, or literal meaning. A characteristic of words or phrases, or of the contexts that words and phrases are used in.
- (logic) The attribute or aggregate of attributes connoted by a term, contrasted with denotation.
noun
noun
adj
name
noun
- (often attributive) A reference work.
- (UK, Ireland) A person who provides this information; a referee.
- The act of referring: a submitting for information or decision.
- A measurement one can compare (some other measurement) to.
- (semantics) A relation between objects in which one object designates, or acts as a means by which to connect to or link to, another object.
- (computing) An object containing information which refers to data stored elsewhere, as opposed to containing the data itself.
- Information about a person, provided by someone (a referee) with whom they are well acquainted.
- (academic writing) A short written identification of a previously published work which is used as a source for a text.
- (programming, character entity) A special sequence used to represent complex characters in markup languages, such as ™ for the ™ symbol.
- (academic writing) A previously published written work thus indicated; a source.
- a remark that calls attention to something or someone
- the act of referring or consulting
- an indicator that orients you generally
- a book to which you can refer for authoritative facts
- a publication (or a passage from a publication) that is referred to
- the relation between a word or phrase and the object or idea it refers to
- the most direct or specific meaning of a word or expression; the class of objects that an expression refers to
- (computer science) the code that identifies where a piece of information is stored
- a short note recognizing a source of information or of a quoted passage
- a formal recommendation by a former employer to a potential future employer describing the person's qualifications and dependability
verb
noun
- (object-oriented programming) Automatic conversion of value types to objects by wrapping them within a heap-allocated reference type.
- Material used for making boxes or casing.
- (construction) Casing.
- (sports) A sport where two opponents punch each other with gloved fists to head and torso; the object being to score more points by the end of the match or by knockout, or technical knockout.
- the enclosure of something in a package or box
- fighting with the fists
verb
adj
noun
- something referred to; the object of a reference
- the first term in a proposition; the term to which other terms relate
- something that refers; a term that refers to another term
- That which is referenced.
- (semantics) The specific entity in the world that a word or phrase identifies or denotes: what it refers to.
noun
- an ordered reference standard
- a metal sheathing of uniform thickness (such as the shield attached to an artillery piece to protect the gunners)
- an indicator having a graduated sequence of marks
- a measuring instrument for weighing; shows amount of mass
- relative magnitude
- a thin flake of dead epidermis shed from the surface of the skin
- the ratio between the size of something and a representation of it
- a specialized leaf or bract that protects a bud or catkin
- a flattened rigid plate forming part of the body covering of many animals
- (music) a series of notes differing in pitch according to a specific scheme (usually within an octave)
- An ordered, usually numerical sequence used for measurement; means of assigning a magnitude.
- (uncountable) Limescale.
- Size; scope.
- (uncountable) The flaky material sloughed off heated metal.
- A device to measure mass or weight.
- (uncountable, US) An infestation of scale insects on a plant; commonly thought of as, or mistaken for, a disease.
- A standard amount of money to be paid for a service, for example union-negotiated amounts received by a performer or writer; similar to wage scale or pay grade.
- (music) A series of notes spanning an octave, tritave, or pseudo-octave, used to make melodies.
- Either of the pans, trays, or dishes of a balance or scales.
- Scale mail (as opposed to chain mail).
- A flake of skin of an animal afflicted with dermatitis.
- A mathematical base for a numeral system; radix.
- Part of an overlapping arrangement of many small, flat and hard pieces of keratin covering the skin of an animal, particularly a fish or reptile.
- A small piece of pigmented chitin, many of which coat the wings of a butterfly or moth to give them their color.
- The thin metallic side plate of the handle of a pocketknife.
- A scale insect.
- A line or bar associated with a drawing, used to indicate measurement when the image has been magnified or reduced.
- The ratio of depicted distance to actual distance.
- Part of an overlapping arrangement of many small, flat and hard protective layers forming a pinecone that flare when mature to release pine nut seeds.
- Gradation; succession of ascending and descending steps and degrees; progressive series; scheme of comparative rank or order.
verb
- measure by or as if by a scale
- climb up by means of a ladder
- take by attacking with scaling ladders
- reach the highest point of
- remove the scales from
- measure with or as if with scales
- pattern, make, regulate, set, measure, or estimate according to some rate or standard
- size or measure according to a scale
- (transitive) To change the size of something whilst maintaining proportion; especially to change a process in order to produce much larger amounts of the final product.
- (transitive) To climb to the top of.
- (transitive) To take off in thin layers or scales, as tartar from the teeth; to pare off, as a surface.
- (transitive) To weigh, measure or grade according to a scale or system.
- (intransitive) To separate and come off in thin layers or laminae.
- (transitive) To remove the scales of.
- (intransitive) To become scaly; to produce or develop scales.
- (UK, Scotland, dialect) To scatter; to spread.
- (transitive) To clean, as the inside of a cannon, by the explosion of a small quantity of powder.
- (manufacturing, transitive) To take measurements from (an engineering drawing), treating them as (or as if) reliable dimensional instructions. This practice often works but can produce latently incorrect results and is thus usually deprecated.
- (intransitive, computing) To tolerate significant increases in throughput or other potentially limiting factors.
- (transitive) To strip or clear of scale; to descale.
noun
adj
verb
noun
- (programming) A design pattern in object oriented methodology in which a collection is iterated uniformly.
- (computing) An indicator, often a blinking line or bar, indicating where the next insertion or other edit will take place.
- A part of any of several scientific or measuring instruments that moves back and forth to indicate a position.
- (databases) A reference to a row of data in a table, which moves from row to row as data is retrieved by way of it.
- (graphical user interface) A moving icon or other representation, usually called a pointer, of the position of the pointing device.
- (computer science) indicator consisting of a movable spot of light (an icon) on a visual display; moving it allows the user to point to commands or screen positions
verb
noun
- (object-oriented programming, countable) A set of objects having the same behavior (but typically differing in state), or a template defining such a set in terms of its common properties, functions, etc.
- Best of its kind.
- (uncountable) Admirable behavior; elegance.
- (countable) A group, collection, category or set sharing characteristics or attributes.
- (military) A group of people subject to be conscripted in the same military draft, or more narrowly those persons actually conscripted in a particular draft.
- (uncountable) The division of society into classes.
- (sociology, countable) A social grouping, based on job, wealth, etc. In Britain, society is commonly split into three main classes: upper class, middle class and working class.
- (taxonomy, countable) A rank in the classification of organisms, below phylum and above order; a taxon of that rank.
- (India) a grade, standard, level of education.
- (countable) A group of students who commenced or completed their education during a particular year. A school class.
- A series of lessons covering a single subject.
- (statistics) A grouping of data values in an interval, often used for computation of a frequency distribution.
- (education, countable and uncountable) A group of students in a regularly scheduled meeting with a teacher.
- (countable) A category of seats in an airplane, train or other means of mass transportation.
- A single lesson in a series.
- One of the sections into which a Methodist church or congregation is divided, supervised by a class leader.
- (set theory) A collection of sets definable by a shared property, especially one which is not itself a set (in which case the class is called proper).
- elegance in dress or behavior
- a body of students who graduate together
- (biology) a taxonomic group containing one or more orders
- education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings
- a league ranked by quality
- a collection of things sharing a common attribute
- people having the same social, economic, or educational status
- a body of students who are taught together
adj
verb
noun
- (programming) Initialism of single abstract method.
- (BDSM) Initialism of smartass masochist; a brat.
- (nanotechnology) Initialism of self-assembled monolayer.
- (military) Initialism of surface-to-air missile.
- Initialism of shared appreciation mortgage.
- (cardiology) Initialism of systolic anterior motion.
- (psychology) Initialism of split attraction model.
- a guided missile fired from land or shipboard against an airborne target
name
noun
- (uncountable, programming) Initialism of return-oriented programming.
- (uncountable, advertising) Initialism of run of press.
- (ophthalmology) Initialism of retinopathy of prematurity.
- (uncountable, advertising) Initialism of run of paper.
- (countable, computer graphics) A Render Output unit or raster operations pipeline.
noun
verb
noun
- (computing) A type of variable storing a reference to a method with a particular signature, analogous to a function pointer.
- A representative at a conference, etc.
- A member of a governmental legislature who lacks voting power.
- (US) An appointed representative in some legislative bodies.
- A person authorized to act as representative for another; a deputy.
- a person appointed or elected to represent others
verb
- (intransitive) To commit tasks and responsibilities to others, especially subordinates.
- (computing, Internet, transitive) (of a subdomain) To give away authority over a subdomain; to allow someone else to create sub-subdomains of a subdomain of one's own.
- (transitive) To commit (a task or responsibility) to someone, especially a subordinate.
- give an assignment to (a person) to a post, or assign a task to (a person)
- transfer power to someone
noun
- what you must know in order to determine the reference of an expression
- an idea that is implied or suggested
- (semantics) A meaning of a word or phrase that is suggested or implied, as opposed to a denotation, or literal meaning. A characteristic of words or phrases, or of the contexts that words and phrases are used in.
- (logic) The attribute or aggregate of attributes connoted by a term, contrasted with denotation.
verb
- (computing) To relate data items with a chain of pointers.
- (computing) To be chained to another data item.
- (transitive, computing, rare, associated with Acorn Computers) To load and automatically run (a program).
- (intransitive) To link multiple items together.
- (figurative) To connect as if with a chain, due to dependence, addiction, or other feelings
- (transitive) To measure a distance using a 66-foot long chain, as in land surveying.
- (figurative) To obligate.
- (transitive) To secure someone with fetters.
- (transitive) To fasten something with a chain.
- (transitive) To obstruct the mouth of a river etc with a chain.
- fasten or secure with chains
- connect or arrange into a chain by linking
noun
- A livery collar, a chain of office.
- (algebraic topology, homological algebra, more generally) An element of a group (or module) in a chain complex.
- A unit of length, exactly equal to 22 yards, which is 4 rods or 100 links, and approximately equal to 20.12 metres; the length of a Gunter's surveying chain; the length of a cricket pitch.
- That which confines, fetters, or secures; a bond.
- A series of stores or businesses with the same brand name.
- A series of interconnected things.
- (weaving) The warp threads of a web.
- (British) A sequence of linked house purchases, each of which is dependent on the preceding and succeeding purchase (said to be "broken" if a buyer or seller pulls out).
- (surveying) A series of interconnected links of known length, used as a measuring device.
- A series of interconnected rings or links usually made of metal.
- (surveying) A long measuring tape.
- (mathematics, set theory, order theory) A totally ordered set, especially a totally ordered subset of a poset.
- (nautical, in the plural) Iron links bolted to the side of a vessel to bold the dead-eyes connected with the shrouds; also, the channels.
- (algebraic topology, originally) A formal sum of cells in a CW complex of a certain dimension k (in which case the formal sums are called k'''-chains); a formal sum of simplices or cubes of a certain dimension in a simplical complex or cubical complex (respectively).
- (organic chemistry, physical chemistry) A number of atoms in a series, which combine to form a molecule.
- a unit of length
- a series of things depending on each other as if linked together
- (chemistry) a series of linked atoms (generally in an organic molecule)
- anything that acts as a restraint
- a series of (usually metal) rings or links fitted into one another to make a flexible ligament
- a necklace made by stringing objects together
- a linked or connected series of objects
- (business) a number of similar establishments (stores or restaurants or banks or hotels or theaters) under one ownership
- a series of hills or mountains
verb
- Used to declare the subject and object identical or equivalent.
- To occupy a place.
- (with there, or dialectally it, as dummy subject) To exist.
- To pass or spend (time).
- (formal) Used with to-infinitives of verbs to express intent, obligation, appropriateness, or relative future occurrence.
- Used to indicate that the subject has the qualities described by an adjective or prepositional phrase.
- (rare and regional, chiefly in the past tense) Used to link two noun clauses: a day of the week, recurring date, month, or other specific time (on which the event of the main clause took place) and a period of time indicating how long ago that day was.
- (with a dummy subject it) Used to indicate the time of day.
- To remain undisturbed in a certain state or situation.
- Used to indicate that the subject has the qualities described by a noun or noun phrase.
- Used with past participles of certain intransitive verbs to form the perfect aspect.
- To take a period of time.
- (often impersonal, with it as a dummy subject) Used to indicate ambient conditions such as weather, light, noise or air quality.
- (with a cardinal numeral) Used to state the age of a subject in years.
- (in perfect tenses) Elliptical form of "be here", "go to and return from" or similar, also extending to certain other senses of "go".
- (auxiliary) Used with past participles of verbs to form the passive voice.
- (now usually literary) To exist; to have real existence, to be alive.
- Used to link a subject to a measurement.
- To occur, to take place.
- Used with present participles of verbs to form the continuous aspect.
- (colloquial, humorous) To have (a condition, especially a mental or physical disability).
- Used to indicate that a predicate nominal applies to the subject.
- (dynamic / lexical be, especially in progressive tenses, conjugated non-suppletively in the present tense, see usage notes) To exist or behave in a certain way.
- (African-American Vernacular, Caribbean, Ireland, auxiliary, not conjugated) To tend to do, often do; marks the habitual aspect.
- (with since) Used to indicate passage of time since the occurrence of an event.
- work in a specific place, with a specific subject, or in a specific function
- occupy a certain position or area; be somewhere
- spend or use time
- have the quality of being; (copula, used with an adjective or a predicate noun)
- form or compose
- be priced at
- have an existence, be extant
- have life, be alive
- be identical to; be someone or something
- be identical or equivalent to
- represent, as of a character on stage
- to remain unmolested, undisturbed, or uninterrupted — used only in infinitive form
noun
adj
noun
- something referred to; the object of a reference
- the first term in a proposition; the term to which other terms relate
- something that refers; a term that refers to another term
- That which is referenced.
- (semantics) The specific entity in the world that a word or phrase identifies or denotes: what it refers to.
adj
- (object-oriented programming) Not subclassable; from which one cannot inherit.
- Of a road: having an asphalt or macadamised surface.
- Closed by a seal (something to prevent leakage).
- Preventing entrance.
- covered with a waterproof coating
- closed or secured with or as if with a seal
- apply a non-porous coating to something so as to ensure it is impervious
- determined irrevocably
- (of walls) covered with a coat of plaster
- undisclosed for the time being
- established irrevocably