Parole in English per 'reference to things past'
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adj
- well in the past; former
- drained of energy or effectiveness; extremely tired; completely exhausted
- stupefied or excited by a chemical substance (especially alcohol)
- destroyed or killed
- used up or no longer available
- dead
- (slang) Infatuated; in love (+ on, for, in).
- Used with a duration to indicate for how long a process has been developing, an action has been performed or a state has persisted; especially, pregnant.
- Of an arrow: wide of the mark.
- Used up.
- No longer existing, having passed.
- (colloquial) Not fully aware of one's surroundings, often through intoxication or mental decline.
- Away, having left.
- Broken, failed.
- Dead.
- Doomed, done for.
- (US) Weak; faint; feeling a sense of goneness.
contraction
prep
verb
noun
- past times
- (slang, most often plural) One's parents.
- (slang) A person older than oneself, especially an adult in relation to a teenager.
- (Australia, uncountable) A typically dark-coloured lager brewed by the traditional top-fermentation method.
- (with the, invariable plural only) People who are old; old beings; the older generation, taken as a group.
adj
- skilled through long experience
- of long duration; not new
- excellent
- (used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age
- just preceding something else in time or order
- belonging to some prior time
- (used for emphasis) very familiar
- Of a perishable item, having existed for most of, or more than, its shelf life.
- That is no longer in existence.
- Of a species or language, belonging to a lineage that is distantly related to others.
- (UK) Being a graduate or alumnus of a school, especially a public school.
- Having been used and thus no longer new or unused.
- Familiar.
- (informal, of a person or pet) Indicating affection and familiarity.
- Tiresome after prolonged repetition.
- Of an object, concept, relationship, etc., having existed for a relatively long period of time.
- A grammatical intensifier, often used in describing something positive, and combined with another adjective.
- Said of subdued colors, particularly reds, pinks and oranges, as if they had faded over time.
- Designed for a mature audience; unsuitable for children below a certain age.
- Obsolete; out-of-date.
- Having existed or lived for the specified time.
- Of a living being, having lived for most of the expected years.
- Former, previous.
prep
- (figuratively) In the past, from the viewpoint of.
- (sometimes regarded as nonstandard, US, informal) Following, subsequent to; as a result or consequence of; because of.
- (figuratively) Concealed by (something serving as a facade or disguise).
- At or to the back or far side of.
- After in time.
- Responsible for, being the creator or controller of.
- Underlying, being the reason for or explanation of.
- After in developmental progress, score, grade, etc.; inferior to.
- In support of.
- After in physical progress or distance.
adj
adv
- Backward in time or order of succession; past.
- Behind the scenes in a theatre; backstage.
- So as to be still in place after someone or something has departed or ceased to exist.
- In a rearward direction.
- So as to come after someone or something in position, distance, advancement, ranking, time, etc.
- At or in the rear or back part of something.
- in or into an inferior position
- in debt
- remaining in a place or condition that has been left or departed from
- showing a time that is earlier than the actual time
- in or to or toward the rear
noun
- (baseball, slang, 1800s) The catcher.
- In the Eton College field game, any of a group of players consisting of two "shorts" (who try to kick the ball over the bully) and a "long" (who defends the goal).
- (Australian rules football) A one-point score.
- The rear, back-end.
- (informal) The buttocks, bottom, butt.
- the fleshy part of the human body that you sit on
adj
- belonging to the distant past
- at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time
- very young
- being or occurring at an early stage of development
- expected in the near future
- of an early stage in the development of a language or literature
- After but close to the start of a period of time.
- (astronomy) Of a star or class of stars, hotter than the sun.
- Having begun to occur; in its early stages.
- Arriving a time before expected; sooner than on time.
- In the starting hours of the day.
- At a time in advance of the usual or expected event.
adv
noun
adj
noun
adj
det
noun
verb
adj
- of the immediate past or just previous to the present time
- having died recently
- of a later stage in the development of a language or literature; used especially of dead languages
- (used especially of persons) of the immediate past
- after the expected or usual time; delayed
- being or occurring at an advanced period of time or after a usual or expected time
- at or toward an end or late period or stage of development
- Near the end of a period of time.
- (not comparable, euphemistic) Deceased, dead: used particularly when speaking of the dead person's actions while alive. (Generally must be preceded by a possessive or an article, commonly "the"; see usage notes. Can itself only precede the person's name, never follow it.)
- Not having had an expected menstrual period.
- (usually not comparable) Associated with the end of a period.
- Specifically, near the end of the day.
- Not arriving or occurring until after an expected time.
- Recent — relative to the noun it modifies.
- Levied as a surcharge on a payment which has not arrived by a specified deadline.
- (astronomy) Of a star or class of stars, cooler than the sun.
adv
noun
adj
- of the immediate past or just previous to the present time
- new
- Having done something a short while ago that distinguishes them as what they are called.
- Up-to-date; not old-fashioned or dated.
- (sciences) Particularly in geology, palaeontology, and astronomy: having occurred a relatively short time ago, but still potentially thousands or even millions of years ago.
- Having happened a short while ago.
noun
adv
- Towards, into or in the past.
- In a manner that impedes.
- To a later point in time. See also put back.
- In a direction opposite to that in which someone or something is facing or normally pointing.
- Away from someone or something; at a distance.
- So as to shrink, recede or move aside, or cause to do so.
- (not comparable) To or in a previous condition or place.
- (not comparable) In a reciprocal manner; in return.
- (postpositive) Earlier, ago.
- In a direction opposite to the usual or desired direction of movement or progress, physically or figuratively.
- Away from the front or from an edge.
- in or to or toward a former location
- in reply
- at or to or toward the back or rear
- in repayment or retaliation
- in or to or toward a past time
- in or to or toward an original condition
adj
- (comparable, phonetics) Pronounced with the highest part of the body of the tongue toward the back of the mouth, near the soft palate (most often describing a vowel).
- At or near the rear.
- Not current.
- (predicative) Returned or restored to a previous place or condition.
- Situated away from the main or most frequented areas.
- Moving or operating backward.
- In arrears; overdue.
- located at or near the back of an animal
- of an earlier date
- related to or located at the back
noun
- (mining) The roof of a horizontal underground passage.
- (swimming) Clipping of backstroke.
- (slang, uncountable) Effort, usually physical.
- (sports) In some team sports, a position behind most players on the team.
- (figuratively) The upper part of a natural object which is considered to resemble an animal’s back.
- (slang, uncountable) Large and attractive buttocks.
- A support or resource in reserve.
- Area behind, such as the backyard of a house or the rear storeroom of a retail store.
- The reverse side; the side that is not normally seen.
- The side of a blade opposite the side used for cutting.
- Among leather dealers, one of the thickest and stoutest tanned hides.
- A ferryboat.
- The rear of the body, especially the part between the neck and the end of the spine and opposite the chest and belly.
- The part of something that goes last.
- The backrest, the part of a piece of furniture which receives the human back.
- (nautical) The keel and keelson of a ship.
- (figurative) The part of a piece of clothing which covers the back.
- A non-alcoholic drink (often water or a soft drink), to go with hard liquor or a cocktail.
- The side of any object which is opposite the front or useful side.
- The spine and associated tissues.
- The edge of a book which is bound.
- A large shallow vat; a cistern, tub, or trough, used by brewers, distillers, dyers, picklers, gluemakers, and others, for mixing or cooling wort, holding water, hot glue, etc.
- (printing) The inside margin of a page.
- That which is farthest away from the front.
- (football) a person who plays in the backfield
- the part of a garment that covers the back of your body
- (American football) the position of a player on a football team who is stationed behind the line of scrimmage
- the protective covering on the front, back, and spine of a book
- the series of vertebrae forming the axis of the skeleton and protecting the spinal cord
- the part of something that is furthest from the normal viewer
- the posterior part of a human (or animal) body from the neck to the end of the spine
- the side that goes last or is not normally seen
- a support that you can lean against while sitting
verb
- (transitive) To push or force backwards.
- (law, of a justice of the peace) To sign or endorse (a warrant, issued in another county, to apprehend an offender).
- (transitive) To support.
- (MLE, transitive) To draw from behind the back (a knife etc.) (as also back out).
- (intransitive) To go in the reverse direction.
- (nautical, of the wind) To change direction contrary to the normal pattern; that is, to shift anticlockwise in the northern hemisphere, or clockwise in the southern hemisphere.
- (UK, of a hunting dog) To stand still behind another dog which has pointed.
- To row backward with (oars).
- (nautical, of a square sail) To brace the yards so that the wind presses on the front of the sail, to slow the ship.
- To make a back for; to furnish with a back.
- To adjoin behind; to be at the back of.
- (nautical, of an anchor) To lay out a second, smaller anchor to provide additional holding power.
- (Nigeria, transitive) To carry an infant on one’s back.
- To write upon the back of, possibly as an endorsement.
- be in back of
- travel backward
- establish as valid or genuine
- place a bet on
- give support or one's approval to
- strengthen by providing with a back or backing
- shift to a counterclockwise direction
- support financial backing for
- be behind; approve of
- cause to travel backward
adv
- in the immediate past
- used to preface a command or reproof or request
- at the present moment
- in these times
- without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening
- (prefatory or transitional) indicates a change of subject or activity
- in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events
- At the time reached within a narration.
- Used to indicate a context of urgency.
- (informal) At the present point of a recurring cycle or event.
- (usually emphasized) Used to address a switching side, or sharp change in attitude from before.
- Differently from the immediate past; differently from a more remote past or a possible future; differently from all other times.
- Sometimes; occasionally; used to list a series of often assumed states.
- At the present time.
- (sentential) Used to introduce a point, a qualification of what has previously been said, a remonstration or a rebuke.
noun
adj
conj
intj
verb
noun
- One whose chief interest is in the past.
- (theology) An adherent of preterism; one who believes that the Biblical prophecies of the Apocalypse refer to historical events which have already taken place.
- a theologian who believes that the Scripture prophecies of the Apocalypse (the Book of Revelation) have already been fulfilled
adj
noun
noun
- past times
- (slang, most often plural) One's parents.
- (slang) A person older than oneself, especially an adult in relation to a teenager.
- (Australia, uncountable) A typically dark-coloured lager brewed by the traditional top-fermentation method.
- (with the, invariable plural only) People who are old; old beings; the older generation, taken as a group.
adj
- skilled through long experience
- of long duration; not new
- excellent
- (used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age
- just preceding something else in time or order
- belonging to some prior time
- (used for emphasis) very familiar
- Of a perishable item, having existed for most of, or more than, its shelf life.
- That is no longer in existence.
- Of a species or language, belonging to a lineage that is distantly related to others.
- (UK) Being a graduate or alumnus of a school, especially a public school.
- Having been used and thus no longer new or unused.
- Familiar.
- (informal, of a person or pet) Indicating affection and familiarity.
- Tiresome after prolonged repetition.
- Of an object, concept, relationship, etc., having existed for a relatively long period of time.
- A grammatical intensifier, often used in describing something positive, and combined with another adjective.
- Said of subdued colors, particularly reds, pinks and oranges, as if they had faded over time.
- Designed for a mature audience; unsuitable for children below a certain age.
- Obsolete; out-of-date.
- Having existed or lived for the specified time.
- Of a living being, having lived for most of the expected years.
- Former, previous.
noun
- One whose chief interest is in the past.
- (theology) An adherent of preterism; one who believes that the Biblical prophecies of the Apocalypse refer to historical events which have already taken place.
- a theologian who believes that the Scripture prophecies of the Apocalypse (the Book of Revelation) have already been fulfilled
adv
- Towards, into or in the past.
- In a manner that impedes.
- To a later point in time. See also put back.
- In a direction opposite to that in which someone or something is facing or normally pointing.
- Away from someone or something; at a distance.
- So as to shrink, recede or move aside, or cause to do so.
- (not comparable) To or in a previous condition or place.
- (not comparable) In a reciprocal manner; in return.
- (postpositive) Earlier, ago.
- In a direction opposite to the usual or desired direction of movement or progress, physically or figuratively.
- Away from the front or from an edge.
- in or to or toward a former location
- in reply
- at or to or toward the back or rear
- in repayment or retaliation
- in or to or toward a past time
- in or to or toward an original condition
adj
- (comparable, phonetics) Pronounced with the highest part of the body of the tongue toward the back of the mouth, near the soft palate (most often describing a vowel).
- At or near the rear.
- Not current.
- (predicative) Returned or restored to a previous place or condition.
- Situated away from the main or most frequented areas.
- Moving or operating backward.
- In arrears; overdue.
- located at or near the back of an animal
- of an earlier date
- related to or located at the back
noun
- (mining) The roof of a horizontal underground passage.
- (swimming) Clipping of backstroke.
- (slang, uncountable) Effort, usually physical.
- (sports) In some team sports, a position behind most players on the team.
- (figuratively) The upper part of a natural object which is considered to resemble an animal’s back.
- (slang, uncountable) Large and attractive buttocks.
- A support or resource in reserve.
- Area behind, such as the backyard of a house or the rear storeroom of a retail store.
- The reverse side; the side that is not normally seen.
- The side of a blade opposite the side used for cutting.
- Among leather dealers, one of the thickest and stoutest tanned hides.
- A ferryboat.
- The rear of the body, especially the part between the neck and the end of the spine and opposite the chest and belly.
- The part of something that goes last.
- The backrest, the part of a piece of furniture which receives the human back.
- (nautical) The keel and keelson of a ship.
- (figurative) The part of a piece of clothing which covers the back.
- A non-alcoholic drink (often water or a soft drink), to go with hard liquor or a cocktail.
- The side of any object which is opposite the front or useful side.
- The spine and associated tissues.
- The edge of a book which is bound.
- A large shallow vat; a cistern, tub, or trough, used by brewers, distillers, dyers, picklers, gluemakers, and others, for mixing or cooling wort, holding water, hot glue, etc.
- (printing) The inside margin of a page.
- That which is farthest away from the front.
- (football) a person who plays in the backfield
- the part of a garment that covers the back of your body
- (American football) the position of a player on a football team who is stationed behind the line of scrimmage
- the protective covering on the front, back, and spine of a book
- the series of vertebrae forming the axis of the skeleton and protecting the spinal cord
- the part of something that is furthest from the normal viewer
- the posterior part of a human (or animal) body from the neck to the end of the spine
- the side that goes last or is not normally seen
- a support that you can lean against while sitting
verb
- (transitive) To push or force backwards.
- (law, of a justice of the peace) To sign or endorse (a warrant, issued in another county, to apprehend an offender).
- (transitive) To support.
- (MLE, transitive) To draw from behind the back (a knife etc.) (as also back out).
- (intransitive) To go in the reverse direction.
- (nautical, of the wind) To change direction contrary to the normal pattern; that is, to shift anticlockwise in the northern hemisphere, or clockwise in the southern hemisphere.
- (UK, of a hunting dog) To stand still behind another dog which has pointed.
- To row backward with (oars).
- (nautical, of a square sail) To brace the yards so that the wind presses on the front of the sail, to slow the ship.
- To make a back for; to furnish with a back.
- To adjoin behind; to be at the back of.
- (nautical, of an anchor) To lay out a second, smaller anchor to provide additional holding power.
- (Nigeria, transitive) To carry an infant on one’s back.
- To write upon the back of, possibly as an endorsement.
- be in back of
- travel backward
- establish as valid or genuine
- place a bet on
- give support or one's approval to
- strengthen by providing with a back or backing
- shift to a counterclockwise direction
- support financial backing for
- be behind; approve of
- cause to travel backward
adv
- in the immediate past
- used to preface a command or reproof or request
- at the present moment
- in these times
- without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening
- (prefatory or transitional) indicates a change of subject or activity
- in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events
- At the time reached within a narration.
- Used to indicate a context of urgency.
- (informal) At the present point of a recurring cycle or event.
- (usually emphasized) Used to address a switching side, or sharp change in attitude from before.
- Differently from the immediate past; differently from a more remote past or a possible future; differently from all other times.
- Sometimes; occasionally; used to list a series of often assumed states.
- At the present time.
- (sentential) Used to introduce a point, a qualification of what has previously been said, a remonstration or a rebuke.
noun
adj
conj
intj
verb
adj
- well in the past; former
- drained of energy or effectiveness; extremely tired; completely exhausted
- stupefied or excited by a chemical substance (especially alcohol)
- destroyed or killed
- used up or no longer available
- dead
- (slang) Infatuated; in love (+ on, for, in).
- Used with a duration to indicate for how long a process has been developing, an action has been performed or a state has persisted; especially, pregnant.
- Of an arrow: wide of the mark.
- Used up.
- No longer existing, having passed.
- (colloquial) Not fully aware of one's surroundings, often through intoxication or mental decline.
- Away, having left.
- Broken, failed.
- Dead.
- Doomed, done for.
- (US) Weak; faint; feeling a sense of goneness.
contraction
prep
verb
adj
- belonging to the distant past
- at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time
- very young
- being or occurring at an early stage of development
- expected in the near future
- of an early stage in the development of a language or literature
- After but close to the start of a period of time.
- (astronomy) Of a star or class of stars, hotter than the sun.
- Having begun to occur; in its early stages.
- Arriving a time before expected; sooner than on time.
- In the starting hours of the day.
- At a time in advance of the usual or expected event.
adv
noun
adj
noun
adj
det
noun
verb
adj
- of the immediate past or just previous to the present time
- having died recently
- of a later stage in the development of a language or literature; used especially of dead languages
- (used especially of persons) of the immediate past
- after the expected or usual time; delayed
- being or occurring at an advanced period of time or after a usual or expected time
- at or toward an end or late period or stage of development
- Near the end of a period of time.
- (not comparable, euphemistic) Deceased, dead: used particularly when speaking of the dead person's actions while alive. (Generally must be preceded by a possessive or an article, commonly "the"; see usage notes. Can itself only precede the person's name, never follow it.)
- Not having had an expected menstrual period.
- (usually not comparable) Associated with the end of a period.
- Specifically, near the end of the day.
- Not arriving or occurring until after an expected time.
- Recent — relative to the noun it modifies.
- Levied as a surcharge on a payment which has not arrived by a specified deadline.
- (astronomy) Of a star or class of stars, cooler than the sun.
adv
noun
adj
- of the immediate past or just previous to the present time
- new
- Having done something a short while ago that distinguishes them as what they are called.
- Up-to-date; not old-fashioned or dated.
- (sciences) Particularly in geology, palaeontology, and astronomy: having occurred a relatively short time ago, but still potentially thousands or even millions of years ago.
- Having happened a short while ago.