Parole in English per 'fallacious argument, incorrect argument'
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noun
- a deliberately invalid argument displaying ingenuity in reasoning in the hope of deceiving someone
- (uncountable) Sophistic, fallacious reasoning or argumentation.
- (countable) A flawed argument, superficially correct in its reasoning, usually designed to deceive.
- (uncountable, historical) The school of the sophists in antiquity; their beliefs and method of teaching philosophy and rhetoric.
- (countable, rare) Wisdom and knowledge.
- (countable) An intentional fallacy.
noun
- a deliberately invalid argument displaying ingenuity in reasoning in the hope of deceiving someone
- being expert or having knowledge of some technical subject
- the quality or character of being intellectually sophisticated and worldly through cultivation or experience or disillusionment
- uplifting enlightenment
- falsification by the use of sophistry; misleading by means of specious fallacies
- Falsification, contamination.
- Ability to deal with complexity.
- Deceptive logic; sophistry.
- Complexity.
- Cultivated intellectual worldliness; savoir-faire.
- Enlightenment or education.
noun
- a deliberately invalid argument displaying ingenuity in reasoning in the hope of deceiving someone
- (uncountable) Plausible yet fallacious argumentation or reasoning.
- (countable) An argument that seems plausible, but is fallacious or misleading, especially one devised deliberately to be so.
- (uncountable, historical) The actions or arguments of a sophist.
noun
- an unproved statement put forward as a premise in an argument
- a treatise advancing a new point of view resulting from research; usually a requirement for an advanced academic degree
- (music, prosody, originally) The action of lowering the hand or bringing down the foot when indicating a rhythm; hence, an accented part of a measure of music or verse indicated by this action; an ictus, a stress.
- (by extension) A lengthy essay written to establish the validity of a thesis (sense 1.1), especially one submitted in order to complete the requirements for a non-doctoral degree in the US and a doctoral degree in the UK; a dissertation.
- (mathematics, computer science) A conjecture, especially one too vague to be formally stated or verified but useful as a working convention.
- (logic) An affirmation, or distinction from a supposition or hypothesis.
- (rhetoric) A proposition or statement supported by arguments.
- (music, prosody, with a reversal of meaning) A depression of the voice when pronouncing a syllables of a word; hence, the unstressed part of the metrical foot of a verse upon which such a depression falls, or an unaccented musical note.
- (philosophy) In the dialectical method of Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel: the initial stage of reasoning where a formal statement of a point is developed; this is followed by antithesis and synthesis.
adj
adv
noun
- Ellipsis of argumentum ad hominem: A fallacious objection to an argument or factual claim by appealing to a characteristic or belief of the person making the argument or claim, rather than by addressing the substance of the argument or producing evidence against the claim; an attempt to argue against an opponent's idea by discrediting the opponent themselves.
- (informal) A personal attack.
noun
- (logic) Any invalid argument in which the conclusion cannot be logically deduced from the premises.
- (comedy) A kind of pun that uses a change of word, subject, or meaning to make a joke of the listener’s expectation.
- (narratology) Any abrupt and inexplicable transition or occurrence.
- A statement that does not logically follow a statement that preceded it.
- a reply that has no relevance to what preceded it
- (logic) a conclusion that does not follow from the premises
verb
adj
noun
verb
- (intransitive, idiomatic) Of an argument, to fail to be valid.
- (intransitive, idiomatic, informal, South Africa) To break down; to become inoperable.
- (intransitive, idiomatic, informal, computing) Of a computer program or system, to crash.
- (intransitive, idiomatic) To fall from an upright or standing position to a horizontal or prone position.
- fall forward and down
noun
- An irrational statement or line of argument; a logical error.
- (art) An absurd or nonsensical element deliberately added to a work that belongs to the alogism movement.
- An inconsistency or arbitrary situation that follows no logical pattern.
- (art) An early 20th century movement in painting and writing, emerging from the Russian avant-garde, which made use of antirational or nonsensical elements.
- Irrationality; the rejection of logical thinking as a means of approaching truth.
noun
- (logic) A fallacy in which the premise is used to prove a conclusion which is then used to prove the premise.
- A situation in which the response to one problem creates a chain of problems, each making it more difficult to solve the original one.
- one trouble leads to another that aggravates the first
- an argument that assumes that which is to be proved
noun
- the logical fallacy of using as a true premise a proposition that is yet to be proved
- reversal of normal order of two words or sentences etc. (as in ‘bred and born’)
- An inversion or reversal of the natural order of things.
- (rhetoric) A figure of speech in which a phrase that should come last is put first; hysterology.
adj
- inconsistent with reason or logic or common sense
- so unreasonable as to invite derision
- Dealing with absurdism.
- Contrary to reason or propriety; obviously and flatly opposed to manifest truth; inconsistent with the plain dictates of common sense; logically contradictory; nonsensical; ridiculous; silly.
- Having no rational or orderly relationship to people's lives; meaningless; lacking order or value.
noun
- a situation in which life seems irrational and meaningless
- (philosophy, often preceded by the) The opposition between the human search for meaning in life and the inability to find any; the state or condition in which man exists in an irrational universe and his life has no meaning outside of his existence.
noun
- An argument which is controversial and more difficult to defend (in the context of a motte and bailey fallacy).
- (in certain proper names) A prison or court of justice.
- The space immediately within the outer wall of a castle or fortress.
- The outer wall of a feudal castle.
- the outer defensive wall that surrounds the outer courtyard of a castle
- the outer courtyard of a castle
noun
- (logic) a statement that is necessarily false
- the speech act of contradicting someone
- opposition between two conflicting forces or ideas
- (countable, uncountable) The act of contradicting.
- (countable) A logical inconsistency among two or more elements or propositions.
- (countable) A statement that contradicts itself, i.e., a statement that claims that the same thing is true and that it is false at the same time and in the same senses of the terms.
- (logic, countable) A proposition that is false for all values of its propositional variables or Boolean atoms.
noun
- taking exception; especially a quibble based on a captious argument
- translation of foreign dialogue of a movie or TV program; usually displayed at the bottom of the screen
- brief description accompanying an illustration
- A title or brief explanation attached to an illustration, cartoon, user interface element, etc.
- (cinematography, television) A piece of text appearing on screen as a subtitle or other part of a film or broadcast, describing dialogue (and sometimes other sound) for viewers who cannot hear.
- (typography) The descriptive heading or title, of a document or part thereof.
- (Internet) A story that is embedded in a pre-existing image (sometimes with image manipulation)
- (law) The section on an official paper (for example, as part of a seizure or capture) that describes when, where, and what was taken, found or executed, and who authorized the act.
verb
adj
- Employing fallacious but deceptively plausible arguments; deceitful.
- Seemingly well-reasoned, plausible or true, but actually fallacious.
- Alternative form of speciose (“rich in species”).
- Having an attractive appearance intended to generate a favorable response; deceptively attractive.
- plausible but false
- based on pretense; deceptively pleasing
noun
- argumentation that is specious or excessively subtle and intended to be misleading
- moral philosophy based on the application of general ethical principles to resolve moral dilemmas
- (derogatory) Hairsplitting, argument with quibbling detail.
- (derogatory) Legalism, argument concerning the text of a written law against all other factors.
- (derogatory) Sophistry, a specious argument designed to defend an action or feeling.
- The process of answering practical questions by means of interpretation of rules, or of cases that illustrate such rules, especially in ethics; case-based reasoning.
noun
- (by extension) A logical fallacy in which a party asserts that a particular result will probably follow from a given decision or circumstance, without necessarily providing any rational argument for the likelihood of the assumed consequence.
- (figuratively) A chain of events that, once initiated, cannot be halted; especially one in which the final outcome is undesirable or precarious.
noun
- the logical fallacy of assuming the conclusion in the premises; begging the question
- (philosophy, logic, countable) A particular argument which commits the fallacy of begging the question; a circular argument.
- (philosophy, logic, uncountable) The logical fallacy of begging the question (i.e., "assuming the conclusion").
adj
- Of an argument, explanation, etc.: ill-founded, unconvincing, weak; also, unimportant; paltry, trivial.
- Likely to bend or break under pressure; easily damaged; frail, unsubstantial.
- Of clothing: very light and thin.
- Of a person: lacking depth of character or understanding; frivolous, superficial.
- lacking solidity or strength
- not convincing
- lacking substance or significance
noun
noun
- a deliberately invalid argument displaying ingenuity in reasoning in the hope of deceiving someone
- (uncountable) Sophistic, fallacious reasoning or argumentation.
- (countable) A flawed argument, superficially correct in its reasoning, usually designed to deceive.
- (uncountable, historical) The school of the sophists in antiquity; their beliefs and method of teaching philosophy and rhetoric.
- (countable, rare) Wisdom and knowledge.
- (countable) An intentional fallacy.
noun
- a deliberately invalid argument displaying ingenuity in reasoning in the hope of deceiving someone
- being expert or having knowledge of some technical subject
- the quality or character of being intellectually sophisticated and worldly through cultivation or experience or disillusionment
- uplifting enlightenment
- falsification by the use of sophistry; misleading by means of specious fallacies
- Falsification, contamination.
- Ability to deal with complexity.
- Deceptive logic; sophistry.
- Complexity.
- Cultivated intellectual worldliness; savoir-faire.
- Enlightenment or education.
noun
- a deliberately invalid argument displaying ingenuity in reasoning in the hope of deceiving someone
- (uncountable) Plausible yet fallacious argumentation or reasoning.
- (countable) An argument that seems plausible, but is fallacious or misleading, especially one devised deliberately to be so.
- (uncountable, historical) The actions or arguments of a sophist.
noun
- an unproved statement put forward as a premise in an argument
- a treatise advancing a new point of view resulting from research; usually a requirement for an advanced academic degree
- (music, prosody, originally) The action of lowering the hand or bringing down the foot when indicating a rhythm; hence, an accented part of a measure of music or verse indicated by this action; an ictus, a stress.
- (by extension) A lengthy essay written to establish the validity of a thesis (sense 1.1), especially one submitted in order to complete the requirements for a non-doctoral degree in the US and a doctoral degree in the UK; a dissertation.
- (mathematics, computer science) A conjecture, especially one too vague to be formally stated or verified but useful as a working convention.
- (logic) An affirmation, or distinction from a supposition or hypothesis.
- (rhetoric) A proposition or statement supported by arguments.
- (music, prosody, with a reversal of meaning) A depression of the voice when pronouncing a syllables of a word; hence, the unstressed part of the metrical foot of a verse upon which such a depression falls, or an unaccented musical note.
- (philosophy) In the dialectical method of Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel: the initial stage of reasoning where a formal statement of a point is developed; this is followed by antithesis and synthesis.
noun
- (logic) Any invalid argument in which the conclusion cannot be logically deduced from the premises.
- (comedy) A kind of pun that uses a change of word, subject, or meaning to make a joke of the listener’s expectation.
- (narratology) Any abrupt and inexplicable transition or occurrence.
- A statement that does not logically follow a statement that preceded it.
- a reply that has no relevance to what preceded it
- (logic) a conclusion that does not follow from the premises
noun
- An irrational statement or line of argument; a logical error.
- (art) An absurd or nonsensical element deliberately added to a work that belongs to the alogism movement.
- An inconsistency or arbitrary situation that follows no logical pattern.
- (art) An early 20th century movement in painting and writing, emerging from the Russian avant-garde, which made use of antirational or nonsensical elements.
- Irrationality; the rejection of logical thinking as a means of approaching truth.
noun
- (logic) A fallacy in which the premise is used to prove a conclusion which is then used to prove the premise.
- A situation in which the response to one problem creates a chain of problems, each making it more difficult to solve the original one.
- one trouble leads to another that aggravates the first
- an argument that assumes that which is to be proved
noun
- the logical fallacy of using as a true premise a proposition that is yet to be proved
- reversal of normal order of two words or sentences etc. (as in ‘bred and born’)
- An inversion or reversal of the natural order of things.
- (rhetoric) A figure of speech in which a phrase that should come last is put first; hysterology.
noun
- An argument which is controversial and more difficult to defend (in the context of a motte and bailey fallacy).
- (in certain proper names) A prison or court of justice.
- The space immediately within the outer wall of a castle or fortress.
- The outer wall of a feudal castle.
- the outer defensive wall that surrounds the outer courtyard of a castle
- the outer courtyard of a castle
noun
- (logic) a statement that is necessarily false
- the speech act of contradicting someone
- opposition between two conflicting forces or ideas
- (countable, uncountable) The act of contradicting.
- (countable) A logical inconsistency among two or more elements or propositions.
- (countable) A statement that contradicts itself, i.e., a statement that claims that the same thing is true and that it is false at the same time and in the same senses of the terms.
- (logic, countable) A proposition that is false for all values of its propositional variables or Boolean atoms.
noun
- taking exception; especially a quibble based on a captious argument
- translation of foreign dialogue of a movie or TV program; usually displayed at the bottom of the screen
- brief description accompanying an illustration
- A title or brief explanation attached to an illustration, cartoon, user interface element, etc.
- (cinematography, television) A piece of text appearing on screen as a subtitle or other part of a film or broadcast, describing dialogue (and sometimes other sound) for viewers who cannot hear.
- (typography) The descriptive heading or title, of a document or part thereof.
- (Internet) A story that is embedded in a pre-existing image (sometimes with image manipulation)
- (law) The section on an official paper (for example, as part of a seizure or capture) that describes when, where, and what was taken, found or executed, and who authorized the act.
verb
noun
- argumentation that is specious or excessively subtle and intended to be misleading
- moral philosophy based on the application of general ethical principles to resolve moral dilemmas
- (derogatory) Hairsplitting, argument with quibbling detail.
- (derogatory) Legalism, argument concerning the text of a written law against all other factors.
- (derogatory) Sophistry, a specious argument designed to defend an action or feeling.
- The process of answering practical questions by means of interpretation of rules, or of cases that illustrate such rules, especially in ethics; case-based reasoning.
noun
- (by extension) A logical fallacy in which a party asserts that a particular result will probably follow from a given decision or circumstance, without necessarily providing any rational argument for the likelihood of the assumed consequence.
- (figuratively) A chain of events that, once initiated, cannot be halted; especially one in which the final outcome is undesirable or precarious.
noun
- the logical fallacy of assuming the conclusion in the premises; begging the question
- (philosophy, logic, countable) A particular argument which commits the fallacy of begging the question; a circular argument.
- (philosophy, logic, uncountable) The logical fallacy of begging the question (i.e., "assuming the conclusion").
verb
adj
noun
verb
- (intransitive, idiomatic) Of an argument, to fail to be valid.
- (intransitive, idiomatic, informal, South Africa) To break down; to become inoperable.
- (intransitive, idiomatic, informal, computing) Of a computer program or system, to crash.
- (intransitive, idiomatic) To fall from an upright or standing position to a horizontal or prone position.
- fall forward and down
adj
adv
noun
- Ellipsis of argumentum ad hominem: A fallacious objection to an argument or factual claim by appealing to a characteristic or belief of the person making the argument or claim, rather than by addressing the substance of the argument or producing evidence against the claim; an attempt to argue against an opponent's idea by discrediting the opponent themselves.
- (informal) A personal attack.
adj
- inconsistent with reason or logic or common sense
- so unreasonable as to invite derision
- Dealing with absurdism.
- Contrary to reason or propriety; obviously and flatly opposed to manifest truth; inconsistent with the plain dictates of common sense; logically contradictory; nonsensical; ridiculous; silly.
- Having no rational or orderly relationship to people's lives; meaningless; lacking order or value.
noun
- a situation in which life seems irrational and meaningless
- (philosophy, often preceded by the) The opposition between the human search for meaning in life and the inability to find any; the state or condition in which man exists in an irrational universe and his life has no meaning outside of his existence.
adj
- Employing fallacious but deceptively plausible arguments; deceitful.
- Seemingly well-reasoned, plausible or true, but actually fallacious.
- Alternative form of speciose (“rich in species”).
- Having an attractive appearance intended to generate a favorable response; deceptively attractive.
- plausible but false
- based on pretense; deceptively pleasing
adj
- Of an argument, explanation, etc.: ill-founded, unconvincing, weak; also, unimportant; paltry, trivial.
- Likely to bend or break under pressure; easily damaged; frail, unsubstantial.
- Of clothing: very light and thin.
- Of a person: lacking depth of character or understanding; frivolous, superficial.
- lacking solidity or strength
- not convincing
- lacking substance or significance