Parole in English per 'To polish too much.'
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verb
adv
adj
noun
verb
verb
- polish and make shiny
- To polish and make shiny by rubbing.
- strike, beat repeatedly
- (graffiti slang) To remove (graffiti), particularly when done by someone who is not a graffiti writer.
- To strike.
- (video games, roleplaying games) To make a character or an item stronger.
- (medical slang) To modify a medical chart, especially in a dishonest manner.
adj
noun
- bare skin
- a medium to dark tan color
- a soft thick undyed leather from the skins of e.g. buffalo or oxen
- an implement consisting of soft material mounted on a block; used for polishing (as in manicuring)
- an ardent follower and admirer
- (informal) A buffalo, or the meat of a buffalo.
- (informal) A person who is very interested in a particular subject.
- A tool, often one covered with buff leather, used for polishing.
- A brownish yellow colour.
- (video games) A change introduced in a patch that makes a character, item, or attack stronger.
- (uncommon) Alternative form of buffe (“face armor”).
- Any substance used to dilute (street) drugs in order to increase profits.
- Undyed leather from the skin of buffalo or similar animals.
- (video games, roleplaying games) An effect that makes a character or item stronger.
- The greyish viscid substance constituting the buffy coat.
- (colloquial) The bare skin.
- (rail transport) Compressive coupler force that occurs during a slack bunched condition.
- A military coat made of buff leather.
verb
- polish and make shiny
- Of a stag: to remove the velvet (“skin and fine fur”) from (its antlers) by rubbing them against something; to velvet.
- (figuratively) To make (someone or something) appear positive and highly respected.
- To make (something, such as a surface) bright, shiny, and smooth by, or (by extension) as if by, rubbing; to polish, to shine.
- To become bright, glossy, and smooth; to brighten, to gleam, to shine forth.
- (by extension) Of a thing: to increase in size; to expand, to spread out, to swell.
- Of a person's body: to grow large or stout; to fatten, to fill out.
noun
- A shine of something which has been polished; a lustre, a polish.
- the property of being smooth and shiny
- (uncountable) The making of something bright, shiny, and smooth by, or (by extension) as if by, rubbing; (countable) an instance of this; a burnishing, a polishing, a shining.
- A shiny layer applied to a surface or other thing.
adj
verb
- give a shine or gloss to, usually by rubbing
- provide an interlinear translation of a word or phrase
- give a deceptive explanation or excuse for
- provide interlinear explanations for words or phrases
- (transitive, idiomatic) Used in a phrasal verb: gloss over (“to cover up a mistake or crime, to treat something with less care than it deserves”).
- (transitive) To make (something) attractive by deception
- (transitive) To give a gloss or sheen to.
- (intransitive) To become shiny.
- (transitive) To add a gloss to (a text).
noun
- an outward or token appearance or form that is deliberately misleading
- the property of being smooth and shiny
- an explanation or definition of an obscure word in a text
- an alphabetical list of technical terms in some specialized field of knowledge; usually published as an appendix to a text on that field
- (countable) A brief explanatory note or translation of a foreign, archaic, technical, difficult, complex, or uncommon expression, inserted after the original, in the margin of a document, or between lines of a text.
- (countable) Synonym of glossary, a collection of such notes.
- (countable) An extensive commentary on some text.
- A surface shine or luster.
- (figuratively) A superficially or deceptively attractive appearance.
- (lexicography) A definition or explanation of a word sense.
- (countable, law, US) An interpretation by a court of a specific point within a statute or case law.
noun
- A finishing touch; careful elaboration; polish.
- (professional wrestling, slang) The ending of a match and its structure.
- The result of any process changing the physical or chemical properties of cloth.
- (sports) A shot on goal, especially one that ends in a goal.
- An end; the end of anything.
- A protective coating given to wood or metal and other surfaces.
- the act of finishing
- the place designated as the end (as of a race or journey)
- (wine tasting) the taste of a wine on the back of the tongue (as it is swallowed)
- the downfall of someone (as of persons on one side of a conflict)
- the temporal end; the concluding time
- designated event that concludes a contest (especially a race)
- a highly developed state of perfection; having a flawless or impeccable quality
- a decorative texture or appearance of a surface (or the substance that gives it that appearance)
- event whose occurrence ends something
verb
- (transitive) To complete (something).
- (transitive) To change an animal's food supply in the months before it is due for slaughter, with the intention of fattening the animal.
- (transitive) To put an end to; to destroy.
- (intransitive) To come to an end.
- (intransitive, sex) To reach orgasm.
- (transitive) To apply a treatment to (a surface or similar).
- provide with a finish
- come or bring to a finish or an end
- cause to finish a relationship with somebody
- have an end, in a temporal, spatial, or quantitative sense; either spatial or metaphorical
- finally be or do something
- finish eating all the food on one's plate or on the table
verb
verb
noun
verb
- improve or perfect by pruning or polishing
- (transitive) To shine; to make a surface very smooth or shiny by rubbing, cleaning, or grinding.
- (transitive) To refine; to wear off the rudeness, coarseness, or rusticity of; to make elegant and polite.
- (transitive) To apply shoe polish to shoes.
- (intransitive) To become smooth, as from friction; to receive a gloss; to take a smooth and glossy surface.
- (transitive) To refine; remove imperfections from.
- make (a surface) shine
- bring to a highly developed, finished, or refined state
adj
noun
- A piece of the above used for polishing.
- (boxing) A punch.
- A tough material produced from the skin of animals, by tanning or similar process, used e.g. for clothing; often denotes leather from cattle when no qualifier specifies otherwise.
- (baseball) A good defensive play
- (colloquial) A cricket ball or football.
- Clipping of fruit leather.
- (plural: leathers) clothing made from the skin of animals, often worn by motorcycle riders.
- an animal skin made smooth and flexible by removing the hair and then tanning
adj
verb
adv
adj
verb
adv
adj
verb
- improve or perfect by pruning or polishing
- eat up completely, as with great appetite
- shoot at and force to come down
- bring down or defeat (an opponent)
- drink down entirely
- cause to come or go down
- (transitive, golf, pocket billiards) To sink (a ball) into a hole or pocket.
- (transitive) To knock (someone or something) down; to cause to come down; to fell.
- (transitive, colloquial) To drink or swallow, especially without stopping before the vessel containing the liquid is empty.
- (transitive) Specifically, to cause (something in the air) to fall to the ground; to bring down (with a missile etc.).
- (transitive, colloquial) To disparage; to put down.
- (transitive, American football, Canadian football) To render (the ball) dead, typically by touching the ground while in possession.
- (transitive, figurative) To defeat; to overpower.
- (transitive) To cover, ornament, line, or stuff with down.
- (transitive) To lower; to put (something) down.
adj
- being put out in a game of baseball
- lower than previously
- extending or moving from a higher to a lower place
- filled with melancholy and despondency
- understood perfectly
- becoming progressively lower
- shut
- not functioning (temporarily or permanently)
- being or moving lower in position or less in some value
- (baseball, cricket, colloquial, following the noun modified) Out.
- (not comparable, military, law enforcement, slang, of a person) Wounded and unable to move normally, or killed.
- (not comparable) Inoperable; out of order; out of service.
- Having a lower score than an opponent.
- (veterinary medicine, of a cow) Stranded in a recumbent position; unable to stand.
- (rail transport, of a train) Travelling in the direction leading away from the principal terminus, away from milepost zero.
- Finished (of a task); defeated or dealt with (of an opponent or obstacle); elapsed (of time). Often coupled with to go (remaining).
- (normally in the combination 'down with') Sick or ill.
- (informal) Sad, unhappy, depressed, feeling low.
- (slang) In prison.
- (of a tree, limb, etc) Fallen or felled.
- At a lower level than before.
- (colloquial, with "on") Negative about; hostile to.
- (Canada, US, slang) Comfortable [with]; accepting [of]; okay [with].
- Facing downwards.
- Thoroughly practiced, learned or memorised; mastered. (Compare down pat.)
- (not comparable, military, aviation, slang, of an aircraft) Mechanically failed, collided, shot down, or otherwise suddenly unable to fly.
- (African-American Vernacular, slang) Accepted, respected, or loyally participating in the (thug) community.
noun
- fine soft dense hair (as the fine short hair of cattle or deer or the wool of sheep or the undercoat of certain dogs)
- soft fine feathers
- (usually plural) a rolling treeless highland with little soil
- (American football) a complete play to advance the football
- Soft, fluffy immature feathers which grow on young birds. Used as insulating material in duvets, sleeping bags and jackets.
- The lightest quark with a charge number of −¹⁄₃.
- (usually in the plural) A field, especially one used for horse racing.
- (UK, chiefly in the plural) A tract of poor, sandy, undulating or hilly land near the sea, covered with fine turf which serves chiefly for the grazing of sheep.
- (gambling) The shift or period of time during which a dealer manages a given table before rotating to the next table at a casino or cardroom, which is often 30 minutes.
- (American football) A single play, from the time the ball is snapped (the start) to the time the whistle is blown (the end) when the ball is down, or is downed.
- A downstairs room of a two-story house.
- The soft hair of the face when beginning to appear.
- A negative aspect; a downer, a downside.
- That which is made of down, as a bed or pillow; that which affords ease and repose, like a bed of down.
- (especially Southern England, also Australia, often plural, often in place names) A hill; in England, especially a chalk hill.
- (crosswording) A clue whose solution runs vertically in the grid.
- (botany) The pubescence of plants; the hairy crown or envelope of the seeds of certain plants, such as the thistle.
- Down payment.
- A downer, depressant.
- An act of swallowing an entire drink at once.
adv
- away from a more central or a more northerly place
- from an earlier time
- in an inactive or inoperative state
- to a lower intensity
- spatially or metaphorically from a higher to a lower level or position
- paid in cash at time of purchase
- At or towards any place that is visualised as 'down' by virtue of local features or local convention, or arbitrarily, irrespective of direction or elevation change.
- Away from the city (regardless of direction).
- (crosswords, in relation to a numbered clued word) In a downwards direction; vertically.
- To the south (as south is at the bottom of typical maps).
- (sentence substitute, imperative) Get down.
- Forward, straight ahead.
- On paper (or in a durable record).
- To a subordinate or less prestigious position or rank.
- So as to be cowed into silence.
- Into a state of non-operation.
- (comparable) From a higher position to a lower one; downwards.
- From less to greater detail.
- Used with verbs to indicate that the action of the verb was carried to some state of completion, permanence, or success rather than being of indefinite duration.
- (comparable) At a lower or further place or position along a set path.
- To or towards what is considered the bottom of something, irrespective of whether this is presently physically lower.
- So as to lessen quantity, level or intensity.
- (sports) Towards the opponent's side (in ball-sports).
- From a remoter or higher antiquity.
- (rail transport) In the direction leading away from the principal terminus, away from milepost zero.
- As a down payment.
- So as to reduce size, weight or volume.
- So as to secure or compress something to the floor, ground, or other (usually horizontal) surface.
prep
- From one end to another of (in any direction); along.
- Towards the mouth of (a river); in the direction of flow of.
- (UK, Ireland) To (a given place that is seen as removed from one's present location or other point of reference).
- From north to south of.
- (UK, Ireland) At (a given place that is seen as removed from one's present location or other point of reference).
- From the higher end to the lower of.
verb
- improve or perfect by pruning or polishing
- make more complex, intricate, or richer
- reduce to a fine, unmixed, or pure state; separate from extraneous matter or cleanse from impurities
- treat or prepare so as to put in a usable condition
- make more precise or increase the discriminatory powers of
- attenuate or reduce in vigor, strength, or intensity by polishing or purifying
- (transitive) To purify; reduce to a fine, unmixed, or pure state; to free from impurities.
- (intransitive) To become pure; to be cleared of impure matter.
- (ambitransitive) To improve in accuracy, delicacy, or excellence.
- (transitive) To purify of coarseness, vulgarity, inelegance, etc.; to polish.
- (transitive) To make nice or subtle.
verb
- To coat a surface with a stain
- (transitive) To discolor, as by spilling or other contact with a fluid or substance.
- To cause to seem inferior or soiled by comparison.
- To taint or tarnish someone's character or reputation
- (intransitive) To become stained; to take a stain.
- (transitive, cytology, histology) To treat (a microscopic specimen) with a dye, especially one that dyes specific features
- color for microscopic study
- make dirty or spotty, as by exposure to air; also used metaphorically
- produce or leave stains
- color with a liquid dye or tint
noun
- A substance used to soak into a surface and colour it.
- A blemish on one's character or reputation.
- A reagent or dye used to stain microscope specimens so as to make some structures visible.
- A discolored spot or area caused by spillage or other contact with certain fluids or substances.
- (heraldry) One of a number of non-standard tinctures used chiefly in post-medieval heraldry, especially tenné, murrey, or sanguine.
- (microscopy) a dye or other coloring material that is used in microscopy to make structures visible
- a soiled or discolored appearance
- an act that brings discredit to the person who does it
- anything regarded as making something unclean
- a symbol of disgrace or infamy
verb
- be too tight; rub or press
- become stultified, suppressed, or stifled
- check or slow down the action or effect of
- reduce the air supply
- pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life
- wring the neck of
- constrict (someone's) throat and keep from breathing
- become or cause to become obstructed
- cause to retch or choke
- suppress the development, creativity, or imagination of
- fail to perform adequately due to tension or agitation
- impair the respiration of or obstruct the air passage of
- breathe with great difficulty, as when experiencing a strong emotion
- struggle for breath; have insufficient oxygen intake
- (transitive) To use the choke valve of (a vehicle) to adjust the air/fuel mixture in the engine.
- (transitive) To say (something) with one’s throat constricted (due to emotion, for example).
- (intransitive) To have a feeling of strangulation in one's throat as a result of passion or strong emotion.
- (transitive) To obstruct (a passage, etc.) by filling it up or clogging it.
- (golf, baseball, transitive) To hold the club or bat lower on the shaft in order to shorten one's swing.
- (transitive) To give (someone) a feeling of strangulation as a result of passion or strong emotion.
- (intransitive, colloquial) To perform badly at a crucial stage of a competition, especially when one appears to be clearly winning.
- (transitive) To prevent (someone) from breathing or talking by strangling or filling the windpipe.
- (intransitive, fluid mechanics, of a duct) To reach a condition of maximum flowrate, due to the flow at the narrowest point of the duct becoming sonic (Ma = 1).
- (transitive) To check or stop (an utterance or voice) as if by choking.
- To make or install a choke, as in a cartridge, or in the bore of the barrel of a shotgun.
- (intransitive) To be checked or stopped, as if by choking
- (transitive) To move one's fingers very close to the tip of a pencil, brush or other art tool.
- (transitive) To hinder or check, as growth, expansion, progress, etc.; to kill (a plant by robbing it of nutrients); to extinguish (fire by robbing it of oxygen).
- (intransitive) To be unable to breathe because of obstruction of the windpipe (for instance food or other objects that go down the wrong way, or fumes or particles in the air that cause the throat to constrict).
noun
- a coil of low resistance and high inductance used in electrical circuits to pass direct current and attenuate alternating current
- a valve that controls the flow of air into the carburetor of a gasoline engine
- A partial or complete blockage (of boulders, mud, etc.) in a cave passage.
- (electronics) A choking coil.
- A major mistake at a crucial stage of a competition because one is nervous, especially when one is winning.
- (sports) In wrestling, karate (etc.), a type of hold that can result in strangulation.
- The mass of immature florets in the centre of the bud of an artichoke.
- A constriction at the muzzle end of a shotgun barrel which affects the spread of the shot.
- A control on a carburetor to adjust the air/fuel mixture when the engine is cold.
verb
- be too tight; rub or press
- cause annoyance in
- worry unnecessarily or excessively
- provide (a musical instrument) with frets
- become or make sore by or as if by rubbing
- carve a pattern into
- gnaw into; make resentful or angry
- wear away or erode
- cause friction
- remove soil or rock
- be agitated or irritated
- decorate with an interlaced design
- (transitive) To make rough, to agitate or disturb; to cause to ripple.
- (transitive, music) To press down the string behind a fret.
- (transitive) To decorate or ornament, especially with an interlaced or interwoven pattern, or (architecture) with carving or relief (raised) work.
- (transitive, music) # To fit frets on to (a musical instrument).
- (intransitive) To be anxious, to worry.
- (transitive) To cut through with a fretsaw, to create fretwork.
- (intransitive) To be agitated; to rankle; to be in violent commotion.
- (transitive) To form a pattern on; to variegate.
- (transitive) In the form fret out: to squander, to waste.
- (ambitransitive) To gnaw; to consume, to eat away.
- (intransitive, brewing, wine) To have secondary fermentation (fermentation occurring after the conversion of sugar to alcohol in beers and wine) take place.
- (ambitransitive) To be chafed or irritated; to be angry or vexed; to utter peevish expressions through irritation or worry.
- (transitive) To chafe or irritate; to worry.
- To bind, to tie, originally with a loop or ring.
- (ambitransitive) To mine by agitating or eating away at (ore in the bank of a river).
- (intransitive) To be worn away; to chafe; to fray.
noun
- an ornamental pattern consisting of repeated vertical and horizontal lines (often in relief)
- agitation resulting from active worry
- a spot that has been worn away by abrasion or erosion
- a small bar of metal across the fingerboard of a musical instrument; when the string is stopped by a finger at the metal bar it will produce a note of the desired pitch
- Agitation of the surface of a fluid by fermentation or some other cause; a rippling on the surface of water.
- Agitation of the mind marked by complaint and impatience; disturbance of temper; irritation.
- (rare) A channel or passage created by the sea.
- (Northumbria) A fog or mist at sea, or coming inland from the sea.
- (mining, in the plural) The worn sides of riverbanks, where ores or stones containing them accumulate after being washed down from higher ground, which thus indicate to miners the locality of veins of ore.
- (music) One of the pieces of metal, plastic or wood across the neck of a guitar or other string instrument that marks where a finger should be positioned to depress a string as it is played.
- A channel, a strait; a fretum.
- (heraldry) A saltire interlaced with a mascle.
- An ornamental pattern consisting of repeated vertical and horizontal lines, often in relief.
- Herpes; tetter (“any of various pustular skin conditions”).
verb
- be too tight; rub or press
- make jokes or quips
- make an unsuccessful effort to vomit; strain to vomit
- tie a gag around someone's mouth in order to silence them
- cause to retch or choke
- prevent from speaking out
- struggle for breath; have insufficient oxygen intake
- (transitive, LGBTQ slang) To astonish (someone); to leave speechless.
- (intransitive) To experience the vomiting reflex.
- (ambitransitive) To choke; to retch.
- (transitive, figuratively) To restrain someone's speech without using physical means.
- (transitive) To pry or hold open by means of a gag.
- (transitive) To cause to heave with nausea.
- (transitive) To restrain someone's speech by blocking his or her mouth.
noun
- a humorous anecdote or remark intended to provoke laughter
- restraint put into a person's mouth to prevent speaking or shouting
- A device to restrain speech, such as a rag in the mouth secured with tape or a rubber ball threaded onto a cord or strap.
- A joke or other mischievous prank.
- (LGBTQ slang) A shocking or surprising thing.
- A convulsion of the upper digestive tract.
- (law) An order or rule forbidding discussion of a case or subject.
- (figurative) Any suppression of freedom of speech.
- Mycteroperca microlepis, a species of grouper.
- (film) a device or trick used to create a practical effect; a gimmick
noun
- A finishing touch; careful elaboration; polish.
- (professional wrestling, slang) The ending of a match and its structure.
- The result of any process changing the physical or chemical properties of cloth.
- (sports) A shot on goal, especially one that ends in a goal.
- An end; the end of anything.
- A protective coating given to wood or metal and other surfaces.
- the act of finishing
- the place designated as the end (as of a race or journey)
- (wine tasting) the taste of a wine on the back of the tongue (as it is swallowed)
- the downfall of someone (as of persons on one side of a conflict)
- the temporal end; the concluding time
- designated event that concludes a contest (especially a race)
- a highly developed state of perfection; having a flawless or impeccable quality
- a decorative texture or appearance of a surface (or the substance that gives it that appearance)
- event whose occurrence ends something
verb
- (transitive) To complete (something).
- (transitive) To change an animal's food supply in the months before it is due for slaughter, with the intention of fattening the animal.
- (transitive) To put an end to; to destroy.
- (intransitive) To come to an end.
- (intransitive, sex) To reach orgasm.
- (transitive) To apply a treatment to (a surface or similar).
- provide with a finish
- come or bring to a finish or an end
- cause to finish a relationship with somebody
- have an end, in a temporal, spatial, or quantitative sense; either spatial or metaphorical
- finally be or do something
- finish eating all the food on one's plate or on the table
noun
verb
- improve or perfect by pruning or polishing
- (transitive) To shine; to make a surface very smooth or shiny by rubbing, cleaning, or grinding.
- (transitive) To refine; to wear off the rudeness, coarseness, or rusticity of; to make elegant and polite.
- (transitive) To apply shoe polish to shoes.
- (intransitive) To become smooth, as from friction; to receive a gloss; to take a smooth and glossy surface.
- (transitive) To refine; remove imperfections from.
- make (a surface) shine
- bring to a highly developed, finished, or refined state
verb
- polish and make shiny
- Of a stag: to remove the velvet (“skin and fine fur”) from (its antlers) by rubbing them against something; to velvet.
- (figuratively) To make (someone or something) appear positive and highly respected.
- To make (something, such as a surface) bright, shiny, and smooth by, or (by extension) as if by, rubbing; to polish, to shine.
- To become bright, glossy, and smooth; to brighten, to gleam, to shine forth.
- (by extension) Of a thing: to increase in size; to expand, to spread out, to swell.
- Of a person's body: to grow large or stout; to fatten, to fill out.
noun
- A shine of something which has been polished; a lustre, a polish.
- the property of being smooth and shiny
- (uncountable) The making of something bright, shiny, and smooth by, or (by extension) as if by, rubbing; (countable) an instance of this; a burnishing, a polishing, a shining.
- A shiny layer applied to a surface or other thing.
noun
- A piece of the above used for polishing.
- (boxing) A punch.
- A tough material produced from the skin of animals, by tanning or similar process, used e.g. for clothing; often denotes leather from cattle when no qualifier specifies otherwise.
- (baseball) A good defensive play
- (colloquial) A cricket ball or football.
- Clipping of fruit leather.
- (plural: leathers) clothing made from the skin of animals, often worn by motorcycle riders.
- an animal skin made smooth and flexible by removing the hair and then tanning
adj
verb
verb
verb
- polish and make shiny
- To polish and make shiny by rubbing.
- strike, beat repeatedly
- (graffiti slang) To remove (graffiti), particularly when done by someone who is not a graffiti writer.
- To strike.
- (video games, roleplaying games) To make a character or an item stronger.
- (medical slang) To modify a medical chart, especially in a dishonest manner.
adj
noun
- bare skin
- a medium to dark tan color
- a soft thick undyed leather from the skins of e.g. buffalo or oxen
- an implement consisting of soft material mounted on a block; used for polishing (as in manicuring)
- an ardent follower and admirer
- (informal) A buffalo, or the meat of a buffalo.
- (informal) A person who is very interested in a particular subject.
- A tool, often one covered with buff leather, used for polishing.
- A brownish yellow colour.
- (video games) A change introduced in a patch that makes a character, item, or attack stronger.
- (uncommon) Alternative form of buffe (“face armor”).
- Any substance used to dilute (street) drugs in order to increase profits.
- Undyed leather from the skin of buffalo or similar animals.
- (video games, roleplaying games) An effect that makes a character or item stronger.
- The greyish viscid substance constituting the buffy coat.
- (colloquial) The bare skin.
- (rail transport) Compressive coupler force that occurs during a slack bunched condition.
- A military coat made of buff leather.
verb
- polish and make shiny
- Of a stag: to remove the velvet (“skin and fine fur”) from (its antlers) by rubbing them against something; to velvet.
- (figuratively) To make (someone or something) appear positive and highly respected.
- To make (something, such as a surface) bright, shiny, and smooth by, or (by extension) as if by, rubbing; to polish, to shine.
- To become bright, glossy, and smooth; to brighten, to gleam, to shine forth.
- (by extension) Of a thing: to increase in size; to expand, to spread out, to swell.
- Of a person's body: to grow large or stout; to fatten, to fill out.
noun
- A shine of something which has been polished; a lustre, a polish.
- the property of being smooth and shiny
- (uncountable) The making of something bright, shiny, and smooth by, or (by extension) as if by, rubbing; (countable) an instance of this; a burnishing, a polishing, a shining.
- A shiny layer applied to a surface or other thing.
verb
- give a shine or gloss to, usually by rubbing
- provide an interlinear translation of a word or phrase
- give a deceptive explanation or excuse for
- provide interlinear explanations for words or phrases
- (transitive, idiomatic) Used in a phrasal verb: gloss over (“to cover up a mistake or crime, to treat something with less care than it deserves”).
- (transitive) To make (something) attractive by deception
- (transitive) To give a gloss or sheen to.
- (intransitive) To become shiny.
- (transitive) To add a gloss to (a text).
noun
- an outward or token appearance or form that is deliberately misleading
- the property of being smooth and shiny
- an explanation or definition of an obscure word in a text
- an alphabetical list of technical terms in some specialized field of knowledge; usually published as an appendix to a text on that field
- (countable) A brief explanatory note or translation of a foreign, archaic, technical, difficult, complex, or uncommon expression, inserted after the original, in the margin of a document, or between lines of a text.
- (countable) Synonym of glossary, a collection of such notes.
- (countable) An extensive commentary on some text.
- A surface shine or luster.
- (figuratively) A superficially or deceptively attractive appearance.
- (lexicography) A definition or explanation of a word sense.
- (countable, law, US) An interpretation by a court of a specific point within a statute or case law.
verb
verb
noun
verb
- improve or perfect by pruning or polishing
- (transitive) To shine; to make a surface very smooth or shiny by rubbing, cleaning, or grinding.
- (transitive) To refine; to wear off the rudeness, coarseness, or rusticity of; to make elegant and polite.
- (transitive) To apply shoe polish to shoes.
- (intransitive) To become smooth, as from friction; to receive a gloss; to take a smooth and glossy surface.
- (transitive) To refine; remove imperfections from.
- make (a surface) shine
- bring to a highly developed, finished, or refined state
verb
- improve or perfect by pruning or polishing
- eat up completely, as with great appetite
- shoot at and force to come down
- bring down or defeat (an opponent)
- drink down entirely
- cause to come or go down
- (transitive, golf, pocket billiards) To sink (a ball) into a hole or pocket.
- (transitive) To knock (someone or something) down; to cause to come down; to fell.
- (transitive, colloquial) To drink or swallow, especially without stopping before the vessel containing the liquid is empty.
- (transitive) Specifically, to cause (something in the air) to fall to the ground; to bring down (with a missile etc.).
- (transitive, colloquial) To disparage; to put down.
- (transitive, American football, Canadian football) To render (the ball) dead, typically by touching the ground while in possession.
- (transitive, figurative) To defeat; to overpower.
- (transitive) To cover, ornament, line, or stuff with down.
- (transitive) To lower; to put (something) down.
adj
- being put out in a game of baseball
- lower than previously
- extending or moving from a higher to a lower place
- filled with melancholy and despondency
- understood perfectly
- becoming progressively lower
- shut
- not functioning (temporarily or permanently)
- being or moving lower in position or less in some value
- (baseball, cricket, colloquial, following the noun modified) Out.
- (not comparable, military, law enforcement, slang, of a person) Wounded and unable to move normally, or killed.
- (not comparable) Inoperable; out of order; out of service.
- Having a lower score than an opponent.
- (veterinary medicine, of a cow) Stranded in a recumbent position; unable to stand.
- (rail transport, of a train) Travelling in the direction leading away from the principal terminus, away from milepost zero.
- Finished (of a task); defeated or dealt with (of an opponent or obstacle); elapsed (of time). Often coupled with to go (remaining).
- (normally in the combination 'down with') Sick or ill.
- (informal) Sad, unhappy, depressed, feeling low.
- (slang) In prison.
- (of a tree, limb, etc) Fallen or felled.
- At a lower level than before.
- (colloquial, with "on") Negative about; hostile to.
- (Canada, US, slang) Comfortable [with]; accepting [of]; okay [with].
- Facing downwards.
- Thoroughly practiced, learned or memorised; mastered. (Compare down pat.)
- (not comparable, military, aviation, slang, of an aircraft) Mechanically failed, collided, shot down, or otherwise suddenly unable to fly.
- (African-American Vernacular, slang) Accepted, respected, or loyally participating in the (thug) community.
noun
- fine soft dense hair (as the fine short hair of cattle or deer or the wool of sheep or the undercoat of certain dogs)
- soft fine feathers
- (usually plural) a rolling treeless highland with little soil
- (American football) a complete play to advance the football
- Soft, fluffy immature feathers which grow on young birds. Used as insulating material in duvets, sleeping bags and jackets.
- The lightest quark with a charge number of −¹⁄₃.
- (usually in the plural) A field, especially one used for horse racing.
- (UK, chiefly in the plural) A tract of poor, sandy, undulating or hilly land near the sea, covered with fine turf which serves chiefly for the grazing of sheep.
- (gambling) The shift or period of time during which a dealer manages a given table before rotating to the next table at a casino or cardroom, which is often 30 minutes.
- (American football) A single play, from the time the ball is snapped (the start) to the time the whistle is blown (the end) when the ball is down, or is downed.
- A downstairs room of a two-story house.
- The soft hair of the face when beginning to appear.
- A negative aspect; a downer, a downside.
- That which is made of down, as a bed or pillow; that which affords ease and repose, like a bed of down.
- (especially Southern England, also Australia, often plural, often in place names) A hill; in England, especially a chalk hill.
- (crosswording) A clue whose solution runs vertically in the grid.
- (botany) The pubescence of plants; the hairy crown or envelope of the seeds of certain plants, such as the thistle.
- Down payment.
- A downer, depressant.
- An act of swallowing an entire drink at once.
adv
- away from a more central or a more northerly place
- from an earlier time
- in an inactive or inoperative state
- to a lower intensity
- spatially or metaphorically from a higher to a lower level or position
- paid in cash at time of purchase
- At or towards any place that is visualised as 'down' by virtue of local features or local convention, or arbitrarily, irrespective of direction or elevation change.
- Away from the city (regardless of direction).
- (crosswords, in relation to a numbered clued word) In a downwards direction; vertically.
- To the south (as south is at the bottom of typical maps).
- (sentence substitute, imperative) Get down.
- Forward, straight ahead.
- On paper (or in a durable record).
- To a subordinate or less prestigious position or rank.
- So as to be cowed into silence.
- Into a state of non-operation.
- (comparable) From a higher position to a lower one; downwards.
- From less to greater detail.
- Used with verbs to indicate that the action of the verb was carried to some state of completion, permanence, or success rather than being of indefinite duration.
- (comparable) At a lower or further place or position along a set path.
- To or towards what is considered the bottom of something, irrespective of whether this is presently physically lower.
- So as to lessen quantity, level or intensity.
- (sports) Towards the opponent's side (in ball-sports).
- From a remoter or higher antiquity.
- (rail transport) In the direction leading away from the principal terminus, away from milepost zero.
- As a down payment.
- So as to reduce size, weight or volume.
- So as to secure or compress something to the floor, ground, or other (usually horizontal) surface.
prep
- From one end to another of (in any direction); along.
- Towards the mouth of (a river); in the direction of flow of.
- (UK, Ireland) To (a given place that is seen as removed from one's present location or other point of reference).
- From north to south of.
- (UK, Ireland) At (a given place that is seen as removed from one's present location or other point of reference).
- From the higher end to the lower of.
verb
- improve or perfect by pruning or polishing
- make more complex, intricate, or richer
- reduce to a fine, unmixed, or pure state; separate from extraneous matter or cleanse from impurities
- treat or prepare so as to put in a usable condition
- make more precise or increase the discriminatory powers of
- attenuate or reduce in vigor, strength, or intensity by polishing or purifying
- (transitive) To purify; reduce to a fine, unmixed, or pure state; to free from impurities.
- (intransitive) To become pure; to be cleared of impure matter.
- (ambitransitive) To improve in accuracy, delicacy, or excellence.
- (transitive) To purify of coarseness, vulgarity, inelegance, etc.; to polish.
- (transitive) To make nice or subtle.
verb
- To coat a surface with a stain
- (transitive) To discolor, as by spilling or other contact with a fluid or substance.
- To cause to seem inferior or soiled by comparison.
- To taint or tarnish someone's character or reputation
- (intransitive) To become stained; to take a stain.
- (transitive, cytology, histology) To treat (a microscopic specimen) with a dye, especially one that dyes specific features
- color for microscopic study
- make dirty or spotty, as by exposure to air; also used metaphorically
- produce or leave stains
- color with a liquid dye or tint
noun
- A substance used to soak into a surface and colour it.
- A blemish on one's character or reputation.
- A reagent or dye used to stain microscope specimens so as to make some structures visible.
- A discolored spot or area caused by spillage or other contact with certain fluids or substances.
- (heraldry) One of a number of non-standard tinctures used chiefly in post-medieval heraldry, especially tenné, murrey, or sanguine.
- (microscopy) a dye or other coloring material that is used in microscopy to make structures visible
- a soiled or discolored appearance
- an act that brings discredit to the person who does it
- anything regarded as making something unclean
- a symbol of disgrace or infamy
verb
- be too tight; rub or press
- become stultified, suppressed, or stifled
- check or slow down the action or effect of
- reduce the air supply
- pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life
- wring the neck of
- constrict (someone's) throat and keep from breathing
- become or cause to become obstructed
- cause to retch or choke
- suppress the development, creativity, or imagination of
- fail to perform adequately due to tension or agitation
- impair the respiration of or obstruct the air passage of
- breathe with great difficulty, as when experiencing a strong emotion
- struggle for breath; have insufficient oxygen intake
- (transitive) To use the choke valve of (a vehicle) to adjust the air/fuel mixture in the engine.
- (transitive) To say (something) with one’s throat constricted (due to emotion, for example).
- (intransitive) To have a feeling of strangulation in one's throat as a result of passion or strong emotion.
- (transitive) To obstruct (a passage, etc.) by filling it up or clogging it.
- (golf, baseball, transitive) To hold the club or bat lower on the shaft in order to shorten one's swing.
- (transitive) To give (someone) a feeling of strangulation as a result of passion or strong emotion.
- (intransitive, colloquial) To perform badly at a crucial stage of a competition, especially when one appears to be clearly winning.
- (transitive) To prevent (someone) from breathing or talking by strangling or filling the windpipe.
- (intransitive, fluid mechanics, of a duct) To reach a condition of maximum flowrate, due to the flow at the narrowest point of the duct becoming sonic (Ma = 1).
- (transitive) To check or stop (an utterance or voice) as if by choking.
- To make or install a choke, as in a cartridge, or in the bore of the barrel of a shotgun.
- (intransitive) To be checked or stopped, as if by choking
- (transitive) To move one's fingers very close to the tip of a pencil, brush or other art tool.
- (transitive) To hinder or check, as growth, expansion, progress, etc.; to kill (a plant by robbing it of nutrients); to extinguish (fire by robbing it of oxygen).
- (intransitive) To be unable to breathe because of obstruction of the windpipe (for instance food or other objects that go down the wrong way, or fumes or particles in the air that cause the throat to constrict).
noun
- a coil of low resistance and high inductance used in electrical circuits to pass direct current and attenuate alternating current
- a valve that controls the flow of air into the carburetor of a gasoline engine
- A partial or complete blockage (of boulders, mud, etc.) in a cave passage.
- (electronics) A choking coil.
- A major mistake at a crucial stage of a competition because one is nervous, especially when one is winning.
- (sports) In wrestling, karate (etc.), a type of hold that can result in strangulation.
- The mass of immature florets in the centre of the bud of an artichoke.
- A constriction at the muzzle end of a shotgun barrel which affects the spread of the shot.
- A control on a carburetor to adjust the air/fuel mixture when the engine is cold.
verb
- be too tight; rub or press
- cause annoyance in
- worry unnecessarily or excessively
- provide (a musical instrument) with frets
- become or make sore by or as if by rubbing
- carve a pattern into
- gnaw into; make resentful or angry
- wear away or erode
- cause friction
- remove soil or rock
- be agitated or irritated
- decorate with an interlaced design
- (transitive) To make rough, to agitate or disturb; to cause to ripple.
- (transitive, music) To press down the string behind a fret.
- (transitive) To decorate or ornament, especially with an interlaced or interwoven pattern, or (architecture) with carving or relief (raised) work.
- (transitive, music) # To fit frets on to (a musical instrument).
- (intransitive) To be anxious, to worry.
- (transitive) To cut through with a fretsaw, to create fretwork.
- (intransitive) To be agitated; to rankle; to be in violent commotion.
- (transitive) To form a pattern on; to variegate.
- (transitive) In the form fret out: to squander, to waste.
- (ambitransitive) To gnaw; to consume, to eat away.
- (intransitive, brewing, wine) To have secondary fermentation (fermentation occurring after the conversion of sugar to alcohol in beers and wine) take place.
- (ambitransitive) To be chafed or irritated; to be angry or vexed; to utter peevish expressions through irritation or worry.
- (transitive) To chafe or irritate; to worry.
- To bind, to tie, originally with a loop or ring.
- (ambitransitive) To mine by agitating or eating away at (ore in the bank of a river).
- (intransitive) To be worn away; to chafe; to fray.
noun
- an ornamental pattern consisting of repeated vertical and horizontal lines (often in relief)
- agitation resulting from active worry
- a spot that has been worn away by abrasion or erosion
- a small bar of metal across the fingerboard of a musical instrument; when the string is stopped by a finger at the metal bar it will produce a note of the desired pitch
- Agitation of the surface of a fluid by fermentation or some other cause; a rippling on the surface of water.
- Agitation of the mind marked by complaint and impatience; disturbance of temper; irritation.
- (rare) A channel or passage created by the sea.
- (Northumbria) A fog or mist at sea, or coming inland from the sea.
- (mining, in the plural) The worn sides of riverbanks, where ores or stones containing them accumulate after being washed down from higher ground, which thus indicate to miners the locality of veins of ore.
- (music) One of the pieces of metal, plastic or wood across the neck of a guitar or other string instrument that marks where a finger should be positioned to depress a string as it is played.
- A channel, a strait; a fretum.
- (heraldry) A saltire interlaced with a mascle.
- An ornamental pattern consisting of repeated vertical and horizontal lines, often in relief.
- Herpes; tetter (“any of various pustular skin conditions”).
verb
- be too tight; rub or press
- make jokes or quips
- make an unsuccessful effort to vomit; strain to vomit
- tie a gag around someone's mouth in order to silence them
- cause to retch or choke
- prevent from speaking out
- struggle for breath; have insufficient oxygen intake
- (transitive, LGBTQ slang) To astonish (someone); to leave speechless.
- (intransitive) To experience the vomiting reflex.
- (ambitransitive) To choke; to retch.
- (transitive, figuratively) To restrain someone's speech without using physical means.
- (transitive) To pry or hold open by means of a gag.
- (transitive) To cause to heave with nausea.
- (transitive) To restrain someone's speech by blocking his or her mouth.
noun
- a humorous anecdote or remark intended to provoke laughter
- restraint put into a person's mouth to prevent speaking or shouting
- A device to restrain speech, such as a rag in the mouth secured with tape or a rubber ball threaded onto a cord or strap.
- A joke or other mischievous prank.
- (LGBTQ slang) A shocking or surprising thing.
- A convulsion of the upper digestive tract.
- (law) An order or rule forbidding discussion of a case or subject.
- (figurative) Any suppression of freedom of speech.
- Mycteroperca microlepis, a species of grouper.
- (film) a device or trick used to create a practical effect; a gimmick