Parole in English per 'The process of making something tougher.'
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noun
- The process of becoming hard.
- Hardness.
- (geology) The process of the strengthening of rocks by heating, compaction or cementation, or a combination thereof.
- (medicine, dermatology, by extension) An area or part of the body that has undergone such a reaction.
- An enduring presence; fixity.
- (medicine) A hardening of an area of the body as a reaction to inflammation, hyperemia, or neoplastic infiltration.
- (geology) The quality of nonfriability; the extent to which a rock does not crumble; rock strength.
- any pathological hardening or thickening of tissue
verb
adj
- (of a person or animal) Rugged or physically hardy.
- (of food) Difficult to cut or chew.
- (of a material) Strong and resilient; sturdy.
- (of questions, etc.) Difficult or demanding.
- Rowdy or rough.
- (of a person) Stubborn or persistent; capable of stubbornness or persistence.
- (of weather, etc.) Harsh or severe.
- (material science) Undergoing plastic deformation before breaking.
- Strict, not lenient.
- violent and lawless
- feeling physical discomfort or pain (‘tough’ is occasionally used colloquially for ‘bad’)
- unfortunate or hard to bear
- not given to gentleness or sentimentality
- very difficult; severely testing stamina or resolution
- resistant to cutting or chewing
- making great mental demands; hard to comprehend or solve or believe
- physically toughened
- substantially made or constructed
intj
noun
adj
noun
verb
noun
- (figuratively) A very difficult and trying experience, that acts as a refining or hardening process.
- The bottom and hottest part of a blast furnace; the hearth.
- A heat-resistant container in which metals are melted, usually at temperatures above 500°C, commonly made of graphite with clay as a binder.
- (chemistry) A cup-shaped piece of laboratory equipment used to contain chemical compounds when heating them to very high temperatures.
- a vessel made of material that does not melt easily; used for high temperature chemical reactions
noun
- The quality of being hard.
- the quality of being difficult to do
- (physics) The penetrating ability of electromagnetic radiation, such as x-rays; generally, the shorter the wavelength, the harder and more penetrating the radiation.
- The measure of resistance to damage of a facility, equipment, installation, or telecommunications infrastructure when subjected to attack.
- (inorganic chemistry) The quantity of calcium carbonate dissolved in water, usually expressed in parts per million (ppm).
- (countable, engineering) A measure of how hard a material is.
- An instance of this quality; hardship.
- The resistance to scratching, cutting, indentation or abrasion of a metal or other solid material.
- devoid of passion or feeling; hardheartedness
- excessive sternness
- a quality of water that contains dissolved mineral salts that prevent soap from lathering
- the property of being rigid and resistant to pressure; not easily scratched; measured on Mohs scale
verb
- make hard or harder
- become hard or harder
- (intransitive) To become hard.
- cause to accept or become hardened to; habituate
- harden by reheating and cooling in oil
- make healthy
- (Slavic phonology) To unpalatalize or velarize.
- (transitive, computing) To modify (a website or other system) to make it resistant to malicious attacks.
- (intransitive, informal) To get an erection.
- (transitive, ergative) To make something hard or harder.
- (ambitransitive) To become or make (a person or thing) resistant or less sensitive.
- (transitive, figurative) To strengthen.
- (ambitransitive, phonology) To become or make (a consonant) more fortis; to (cause to) undergo fortition.
noun
noun
- A formidable difficulty.
- (materials science, physics, of a metal) Resistance to fracture when stressed, or the degree of such resistance.
- (psychologically, emotionally, or biologically) Fortitude; hardiness; mettle.
- the property of being big and strong
- impressive difficulty
- the elasticity and hardness of a metal object; its ability to absorb considerable energy before cracking
- enduring strength and energy
adj
- Requiring effort or labor; difficult, laborious.
- (informal) Very bad, poor.
- Causing pain or distress, either physical or mental.
- Afflicted or suffering with pain (of a body part or, formerly, of a person).
- causing misery or pain or distress
- causing physical or psychological pain
- exceptionally bad or displeasing
- causing physical discomfort
verb
- work hard on something
- To work hard.
- To form a felt-like texture, similar to the way beaver fur is used for felt-making.
- (backgammon) After being doubled, to immediately double the stakes again, a move that keeps the doubling cube on one’s own side of the board.
- (slang) To spot a beard in a game of beaver.
- (logging, slang) To cut a continuous ring around a tree that one is felling.
noun
- a movable piece of armor on a medieval helmet used to protect the lower face
- the soft brown fur of the beaver
- a hat made with the fur of a beaver (or similar material)
- a full beard
- large semiaquatic rodent with webbed hind feet and a broad flat tail; construct complex dams and underwater lodges
- a man's hat with a tall crown; usually covered with silk or with beaver fur
- (countable, backgammon) A move in response to being doubled, in which one immediately doubles the stakes again, keeping the doubling cube on one’s own side of the board.
- Butter.
- Alternative letter-case form of Beaver (“member of the youngest wing of the Scout movement”).
- Beaver cloth, a heavy felted woollen cloth, used chiefly for making overcoats.
- Alternative spelling of bevor (“part of a helmet”).
- A brown colour, like that of a beaver.
- (chiefly Canada, US, slang, countable) The pubic hair near a vulva or a vulva itself; (attributively) denoting films or literature featuring nude women.
- (Canada, US) Beaver pelts as an article of exchange or as a standard of value.
- (US, offensive, slang) A woman, especially one who is sexually attractive.
- (countable) A semiaquatic rodent of the genus Castor, having a wide, flat tail and webbed feet, native to the Northern Hemisphere.
- (countable, slang) A beard or a bearded person.
- (countable) A hat, of various shapes, made from a felted beaver fur (or later of silk), fashionable in Europe between 1550 and 1850.
- The fur of the beaver.
- (uncountable, historical, slang) A game, in which points are scored by spotting beards.
noun
- something outstandingly difficult
- something that is extraordinary or remarkable or prominent
- someone who expresses contempt or indignation by uttering a snorting sound
- (slang) A punch on the nose.
- One who snorts.
- (slang) Something extraordinary or remarkable.
- (UK, slang) Something that is extremely difficult.
- (nautical, slang) A powerful gale.
adj
- (by extension) Very difficult.
- (often figuratively) Of an object: used to commit murder; capable of causing death; deadly, fatal.
- Of a person: intending or likely to commit murder; bloodthirsty, homicidal.
- Of, characterized by, or pertaining to murder or murderers.
- characteristic of or capable of or having a tendency toward killing another human being
noun
- Hard work.
- (glassblowing, blow molding) The excess material which adheres to the top, base, or rim of a glass object when it is cut or knocked off from a blowpipe or punty, or from the mold-filling process. Typically removed after annealing as part of the finishing process (e.g. scored and snapped off).
- A spot; a defilement.
- (glassblowing) The metallic oxide from a blowpipe which has adhered to a glass object.
- Confusion, turmoil.
- (glassblowing) The glass circling the tip of a blowpipe or punty, such as the residual glass after detaching a blown vessel, or the lower part of a gather.
verb
adj
- So hard as to require extreme dedication to complete.
- Having an extreme dedication to a certain activity.
- Resistant to change.
- Obscene or explicit.
- (pornography) Depicting penetration and abnormal sexual activity.
- (music) Faster or more intense than the regular style.
- (colloquial) Particularly intense; thrillingly dangerous or erratic; desirably violent in appearance; pleasing or "cool" due to intensity or danger.
- intensely loyal
- extremely explicit
adv
noun
noun
- The process of creating something new.
- (countable, lexicography) Something which has been made or invented, especially a coined word; a neologism.
- (uncountable) Coins taken collectively; currency.
- (uncountable, lexicography) The creation of new words, neologizing.
- The process of coining money.
- a newly invented word or phrase
- the act of inventing a word or phrase
- coins collectively
noun
- That which requires hard work for its accomplishment; that which demands effort.
- (uncountable) Workers in general; the working class, the workforce; sometimes specifically the labour movement, organised labour.
- (historical) A traditional unit of area in Mexico and Texas, equivalent to 177.1 acres or 71.67 ha.
- The time period during which a mother gives birth.
- (uncountable) A political party or force aiming or claiming to represent the interests of labour.
- An effort expended on a particular task; toil, work.
- (uncommon, zoology) A group of moles.
- (medicine, obstetrics) The act or process of a mother giving birth.
- (nautical) The pitching or tossing of a vessel which results in the straining of timbers and rigging.
- an organized attempt by workers to improve their status by united action (particularly via labor unions) or the leaders of this movement
- concluding state of pregnancy; from the onset of contractions to the birth of a child
- productive work (especially physical work done for wages)
- a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages
- any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted
verb
- work hard
- To suffer the pangs of childbirth.
- To be oppressed with difficulties or disease; to do one's work under conditions which make it especially hard or wearisome; to move slowly, as against opposition, or under a burden.
- (transitive) To belabour, to emphasise or expand upon (a point in a debate, etc).
- (nautical) To pitch or roll heavily, as a ship in a turbulent sea.
- (intransitive) To toil, to work.
- strive and make an effort to reach a goal
- undergo the efforts of childbirth
noun
- The process of making something level.
- (linguistics) Ellipsis of paradigm leveling, the replacement of irregular forms by regular forms.
- (surveying, archaeology) The process of measuring levels to establish heights and altitudes.
- changing the ground level to a smooth horizontal or gently sloping surface
- the act of making equal or uniform
- complete destruction of a building
verb
noun
- A difficult or tedious undertaking.
- Alternative form of taisch.
- A single action undertaken by a given agent.
- An objective.
- (computing) A process or execution of a program.
- Any piece of work done.
- A piece of work done as part of one’s duties.
- a specific piece of work required to be done as a duty or for a specific fee
- any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted
verb
adj
- Involving greater complexity; more difficult, elaborate or specialized.
- In a late stage of development or education; having greatly progressed beyond an initial stage.
- Having moved forward in time or space (e.g. advanced ignition timing).
- At or close to the state of the art.
- (Philippines, of a clock or watch) Indicating a time ahead of the correct time.
- (phonetics) Pronounced farther to the front of the vocal tract.
- far along in time
- situated ahead or going before
- ahead of the times
- (of societies) highly developed especially in technology or industry
- ahead in development; complex or intricate
- comparatively late in a course of development
- farther along in physical or mental development
- at a higher level in training or knowledge or skill
verb
noun
- A difficult task, especially one that the person making the attempt finds more enjoyable because of that difficulty.
- An attempt to have a work of literature restricted or removed from a public library or school curriculum.
- The act of appealing a ruling or decision of a court of administrative agency.
- The act of seeking to remove a judge, arbitrator, or other judicial or semi-judicial figure for reasons of alleged bias or incapacity.
- (hunting) The opening and crying of hounds upon first finding the scent of their game.
- (US) An act of seeking to have a certain person be declared not legally qualified to vote, made when the person offers their ballot.
- An antagonization or instigation intended to convince a person to perform an action they otherwise would not.
- (sports) An attempt to take possession; a tackle.
- A summons to fight a duel; also, the letter or message conveying the summons.
- A bid to overcome something.
- (law, rare) A judge's interest in the result of a case, constituting grounds for them to not be allowed to sit the case (e.g., a conflict of interest).
- The act of a sentry in halting a person and demanding the countersign, or (by extension) the action of a computer system demanding a password, etc.
- a call to engage in a contest or fight
- a demand by a sentry for a password or identification
- questioning a statement and demanding an explanation
- a demanding or stimulating situation
- a formal objection to the selection of a particular person as a juror
verb
- (Canada, US, transitive) To take (a final exam) in order to get credit for a course without taking it.
- To call something into question or dispute.
- (US, transitive) To object to the reception of the vote of, e.g. on the ground that the person is not qualified as a voter.
- (transitive) To invite (someone) to take part in a competition.
- (military, transitive) To question or demand the countersign from (one who attempts to pass the lines).
- (transitive) To dispute (something); to contest.
- (law, transitive) To make a formal objection to a juror.
- (transitive) To be difficult or challenging for.
- (transitive) To dare (someone).
- ask for identification
- raise a formal objection in a court of law
- issue a challenge to
- take exception to
adj
noun
verb
adj
noun
noun
- A tedious and laborious task.
- A specific degree of pulverization of coffee beans.
- A grinding trick on a skateboard or snowboard.
- (uncountable, slang) Hustle; hard work.
- A traditional communal pilot whale hunt in the Faroe Islands.
- Something that has been reduced to powder, something that has been ground.
- (uncountable, music) Clipping of grindcore (“subgenre of heavy metal”).
- The act of reducing to powder, or of sharpening, by friction.
- an insignificant student who is ridiculed as being affected or boringly studious
- the act of grinding to a powder or dust
- the grade of particle fineness to which a substance is ground
- hard monotonous routine work
verb
- work hard
- (transitive) To reduce to smaller pieces by crushing with lateral motion.
- (sports, intransitive) To slide the flat portion of a skateboard or snowboard across an obstacle such as a railing.
- (slang, Hawaii) To eat.
- (slang) To dance in a sexually suggestive way with both partners in very close proximity, often pressed against each other.
- To produce mechanically and repetitively as if by turning a crank.
- (slang) To rub one's body against another's in a sexual way; to frottage.
- To move with much difficulty or friction; to grate.
- (transitive) To shape with the force of friction.
- (metalworking) To remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface.
- (transitive) To operate by turning a crank.
- To instill through repetitive teaching.
- (video games) To repeat a task a large number of times in a row to achieve a specific goal.
- (intransitive, slang) To work or study hard; to hustle or drudge.
- (transitive, slang) To annoy or irritate (a person); to grind one's gears.
- (intransitive) To become ground, pulverized, or polished by friction.
- (transitive) To oppress, hold down or weaken.
- (slang, intransitive) To rotate the hips erotically.
- make a grating or grinding sound by rubbing together
- reduce to small pieces or particles by pounding or abrading
- press or grind with a crushing noise
- created by grinding
- dance by rotating the pelvis in an erotically suggestive way, often while in contact with one's partner such that the dancers' legs are interlaced
- shape or form by grinding
noun
- The process of doing something.
- (law) Ellipsis of act of parliament.
- (countable) A performer or performers in a show.
- (countable) A display of behaviour.
- (countable) A display of behaviour meant to deceive.
- (law, countable) (In the United States) A legislative proposal, a bill that has not yet become law.
- (countable) A formal or official record of something done.
- (countable) Something done, a deed.
- (theology) Something done once and for all, as distinguished from a work.
- (countable) Any organized activity.
- (countable, drama) A division of a theatrical performance.
- (law, countable) A product of a legislative body, a statute.
- A thesis maintained in public, in some English universities, by a candidate for a degree, or to show the proficiency of a student.
- something that people do or cause to happen
- a short performance that is part of a longer program
- a subdivision of a play or opera or ballet
- a manifestation of insincerity
- a legal document codifying the result of deliberations of a committee or society or legislative body
adv
verb
- (transitive) To feign.
- (intransitive, law) To carry out work as a legal representative in relation to a particular legal matter.
- (intransitive) To do something.
- (intransitive) To behave in a certain manner for an indefinite length of time.
- (intransitive, construed with on or upon) To have an effect (on).
- (intransitive) To perform a theatrical role.
- (intransitive) To do something that causes a change binding on the doer.
- (intransitive) Of a play: to be acted out (well or badly).
- (copulative) To convey an appearance of being.
- (transitive) To play (a role).
- (intransitive, mathematics, construed with on or upon, of an algebraic structure) To possess an action onto (some other structure). Examples include the group action of a group on a set, the action of a ring on a module by scalar multiplication, and the action of a group or algebra on a vector space via a representation.
- have an effect or outcome; often the one desired or expected
- perform an action, or work out or perform (an action)
- pretend to have certain qualities or state of mind
- behave in a certain manner; show a certain behavior; conduct or comport oneself
- play a role or part
- discharge one's duties
- behave unnaturally or affectedly
- perform on a stage or theater
- be suitable for theatrical performance
verb
- work hard
- remove, harvest, or recover by digging
- remove the inner part or the core of
- get the meaning of something
- turn up, loosen, or remove earth
- thrust down or into
- create by digging
- poke or thrust abruptly
- (transitive) To get by digging; to take from the ground; often with up.
- (mining) To take ore from its bed, in distinction from making excavations in search of ore.
- (volleyball) To defend against an attack hit by the opposing team by successfully passing the ball
- To thrust; to poke.
- (figurative) To investigate, to research, often followed by out or up.
- (transitive, intransitive) To move hard-packed earth out of the way, especially downward to make a hole with a shovel. Or to drill, or the like, through rocks, roads, or the like. More generally, to make any similar hole by moving material out of the way.
noun
- the act of digging
- the site of an archeological exploration
- an aggressive remark directed at a person like a missile and intended to have a telling effect
- the act of touching someone suddenly with your finger or elbow
- a small gouge (as in the cover of a book)
- An archeological or paleontological investigation, or the site where such an investigation is taking place.
- The occupation of digging for gold.
- (music, slang) A rare or interesting vinyl record bought second-hand.
- (medicine, colloquial) Digoxin.
- (cricket) An innings.
- A thrust; a poke.
- (volleyball) A defensive pass of the ball that has been attacked by the opposing team.
- A cutting, sarcastic remark.
verb
- work hard
- act as a servant for older boys, in British public schools
- exhaust or get tired through overuse or great strain or stress
- (intransitive, UK, Ireland, education, historical, colloquial) Of a younger student, to act as a servant for senior students in many British boarding schools.
- (transitive, UK, Ireland, education, historical, colloquial) To have (a younger student) act as a servant in this way.
noun
- finely ground tobacco wrapped in paper; for smoking
- offensive term for a homosexual man
- (US, vulgar, derogatory, offensive) An annoying person.
- (education, historical, colloquial) A younger student acting as a servant for senior students.
- (US, technical) In textile inspections, a rough or coarse defect in the woven fabric.
- (US, Canada, vulgar, usually offensive, sometimes endearing) A homosexual man.
- (UK, Ireland, colloquial) A cigarette.
- (slang, offensive, usually derogatory) An effeminate or unusual homosexual man.
noun
- The process of becoming hard.
- Hardness.
- (geology) The process of the strengthening of rocks by heating, compaction or cementation, or a combination thereof.
- (medicine, dermatology, by extension) An area or part of the body that has undergone such a reaction.
- An enduring presence; fixity.
- (medicine) A hardening of an area of the body as a reaction to inflammation, hyperemia, or neoplastic infiltration.
- (geology) The quality of nonfriability; the extent to which a rock does not crumble; rock strength.
- any pathological hardening or thickening of tissue
noun
- (figuratively) A very difficult and trying experience, that acts as a refining or hardening process.
- The bottom and hottest part of a blast furnace; the hearth.
- A heat-resistant container in which metals are melted, usually at temperatures above 500°C, commonly made of graphite with clay as a binder.
- (chemistry) A cup-shaped piece of laboratory equipment used to contain chemical compounds when heating them to very high temperatures.
- a vessel made of material that does not melt easily; used for high temperature chemical reactions
noun
- The quality of being hard.
- the quality of being difficult to do
- (physics) The penetrating ability of electromagnetic radiation, such as x-rays; generally, the shorter the wavelength, the harder and more penetrating the radiation.
- The measure of resistance to damage of a facility, equipment, installation, or telecommunications infrastructure when subjected to attack.
- (inorganic chemistry) The quantity of calcium carbonate dissolved in water, usually expressed in parts per million (ppm).
- (countable, engineering) A measure of how hard a material is.
- An instance of this quality; hardship.
- The resistance to scratching, cutting, indentation or abrasion of a metal or other solid material.
- devoid of passion or feeling; hardheartedness
- excessive sternness
- a quality of water that contains dissolved mineral salts that prevent soap from lathering
- the property of being rigid and resistant to pressure; not easily scratched; measured on Mohs scale
noun
- A formidable difficulty.
- (materials science, physics, of a metal) Resistance to fracture when stressed, or the degree of such resistance.
- (psychologically, emotionally, or biologically) Fortitude; hardiness; mettle.
- the property of being big and strong
- impressive difficulty
- the elasticity and hardness of a metal object; its ability to absorb considerable energy before cracking
- enduring strength and energy
noun
- something outstandingly difficult
- something that is extraordinary or remarkable or prominent
- someone who expresses contempt or indignation by uttering a snorting sound
- (slang) A punch on the nose.
- One who snorts.
- (slang) Something extraordinary or remarkable.
- (UK, slang) Something that is extremely difficult.
- (nautical, slang) A powerful gale.
noun
- Hard work.
- (glassblowing, blow molding) The excess material which adheres to the top, base, or rim of a glass object when it is cut or knocked off from a blowpipe or punty, or from the mold-filling process. Typically removed after annealing as part of the finishing process (e.g. scored and snapped off).
- A spot; a defilement.
- (glassblowing) The metallic oxide from a blowpipe which has adhered to a glass object.
- Confusion, turmoil.
- (glassblowing) The glass circling the tip of a blowpipe or punty, such as the residual glass after detaching a blown vessel, or the lower part of a gather.
verb
noun
- The process of creating something new.
- (countable, lexicography) Something which has been made or invented, especially a coined word; a neologism.
- (uncountable) Coins taken collectively; currency.
- (uncountable, lexicography) The creation of new words, neologizing.
- The process of coining money.
- a newly invented word or phrase
- the act of inventing a word or phrase
- coins collectively
noun
- That which requires hard work for its accomplishment; that which demands effort.
- (uncountable) Workers in general; the working class, the workforce; sometimes specifically the labour movement, organised labour.
- (historical) A traditional unit of area in Mexico and Texas, equivalent to 177.1 acres or 71.67 ha.
- The time period during which a mother gives birth.
- (uncountable) A political party or force aiming or claiming to represent the interests of labour.
- An effort expended on a particular task; toil, work.
- (uncommon, zoology) A group of moles.
- (medicine, obstetrics) The act or process of a mother giving birth.
- (nautical) The pitching or tossing of a vessel which results in the straining of timbers and rigging.
- an organized attempt by workers to improve their status by united action (particularly via labor unions) or the leaders of this movement
- concluding state of pregnancy; from the onset of contractions to the birth of a child
- productive work (especially physical work done for wages)
- a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages
- any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted
verb
- work hard
- To suffer the pangs of childbirth.
- To be oppressed with difficulties or disease; to do one's work under conditions which make it especially hard or wearisome; to move slowly, as against opposition, or under a burden.
- (transitive) To belabour, to emphasise or expand upon (a point in a debate, etc).
- (nautical) To pitch or roll heavily, as a ship in a turbulent sea.
- (intransitive) To toil, to work.
- strive and make an effort to reach a goal
- undergo the efforts of childbirth
noun
- The process of making something level.
- (linguistics) Ellipsis of paradigm leveling, the replacement of irregular forms by regular forms.
- (surveying, archaeology) The process of measuring levels to establish heights and altitudes.
- changing the ground level to a smooth horizontal or gently sloping surface
- the act of making equal or uniform
- complete destruction of a building
verb
noun
- A difficult or tedious undertaking.
- Alternative form of taisch.
- A single action undertaken by a given agent.
- An objective.
- (computing) A process or execution of a program.
- Any piece of work done.
- A piece of work done as part of one’s duties.
- a specific piece of work required to be done as a duty or for a specific fee
- any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted
verb
noun
- A difficult task, especially one that the person making the attempt finds more enjoyable because of that difficulty.
- An attempt to have a work of literature restricted or removed from a public library or school curriculum.
- The act of appealing a ruling or decision of a court of administrative agency.
- The act of seeking to remove a judge, arbitrator, or other judicial or semi-judicial figure for reasons of alleged bias or incapacity.
- (hunting) The opening and crying of hounds upon first finding the scent of their game.
- (US) An act of seeking to have a certain person be declared not legally qualified to vote, made when the person offers their ballot.
- An antagonization or instigation intended to convince a person to perform an action they otherwise would not.
- (sports) An attempt to take possession; a tackle.
- A summons to fight a duel; also, the letter or message conveying the summons.
- A bid to overcome something.
- (law, rare) A judge's interest in the result of a case, constituting grounds for them to not be allowed to sit the case (e.g., a conflict of interest).
- The act of a sentry in halting a person and demanding the countersign, or (by extension) the action of a computer system demanding a password, etc.
- a call to engage in a contest or fight
- a demand by a sentry for a password or identification
- questioning a statement and demanding an explanation
- a demanding or stimulating situation
- a formal objection to the selection of a particular person as a juror
verb
- (Canada, US, transitive) To take (a final exam) in order to get credit for a course without taking it.
- To call something into question or dispute.
- (US, transitive) To object to the reception of the vote of, e.g. on the ground that the person is not qualified as a voter.
- (transitive) To invite (someone) to take part in a competition.
- (military, transitive) To question or demand the countersign from (one who attempts to pass the lines).
- (transitive) To dispute (something); to contest.
- (law, transitive) To make a formal objection to a juror.
- (transitive) To be difficult or challenging for.
- (transitive) To dare (someone).
- ask for identification
- raise a formal objection in a court of law
- issue a challenge to
- take exception to
noun
- A tedious and laborious task.
- A specific degree of pulverization of coffee beans.
- A grinding trick on a skateboard or snowboard.
- (uncountable, slang) Hustle; hard work.
- A traditional communal pilot whale hunt in the Faroe Islands.
- Something that has been reduced to powder, something that has been ground.
- (uncountable, music) Clipping of grindcore (“subgenre of heavy metal”).
- The act of reducing to powder, or of sharpening, by friction.
- an insignificant student who is ridiculed as being affected or boringly studious
- the act of grinding to a powder or dust
- the grade of particle fineness to which a substance is ground
- hard monotonous routine work
verb
- work hard
- (transitive) To reduce to smaller pieces by crushing with lateral motion.
- (sports, intransitive) To slide the flat portion of a skateboard or snowboard across an obstacle such as a railing.
- (slang, Hawaii) To eat.
- (slang) To dance in a sexually suggestive way with both partners in very close proximity, often pressed against each other.
- To produce mechanically and repetitively as if by turning a crank.
- (slang) To rub one's body against another's in a sexual way; to frottage.
- To move with much difficulty or friction; to grate.
- (transitive) To shape with the force of friction.
- (metalworking) To remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface.
- (transitive) To operate by turning a crank.
- To instill through repetitive teaching.
- (video games) To repeat a task a large number of times in a row to achieve a specific goal.
- (intransitive, slang) To work or study hard; to hustle or drudge.
- (transitive, slang) To annoy or irritate (a person); to grind one's gears.
- (intransitive) To become ground, pulverized, or polished by friction.
- (transitive) To oppress, hold down or weaken.
- (slang, intransitive) To rotate the hips erotically.
- make a grating or grinding sound by rubbing together
- reduce to small pieces or particles by pounding or abrading
- press or grind with a crushing noise
- created by grinding
- dance by rotating the pelvis in an erotically suggestive way, often while in contact with one's partner such that the dancers' legs are interlaced
- shape or form by grinding
noun
- The process of doing something.
- (law) Ellipsis of act of parliament.
- (countable) A performer or performers in a show.
- (countable) A display of behaviour.
- (countable) A display of behaviour meant to deceive.
- (law, countable) (In the United States) A legislative proposal, a bill that has not yet become law.
- (countable) A formal or official record of something done.
- (countable) Something done, a deed.
- (theology) Something done once and for all, as distinguished from a work.
- (countable) Any organized activity.
- (countable, drama) A division of a theatrical performance.
- (law, countable) A product of a legislative body, a statute.
- A thesis maintained in public, in some English universities, by a candidate for a degree, or to show the proficiency of a student.
- something that people do or cause to happen
- a short performance that is part of a longer program
- a subdivision of a play or opera or ballet
- a manifestation of insincerity
- a legal document codifying the result of deliberations of a committee or society or legislative body
adv
verb
- (transitive) To feign.
- (intransitive, law) To carry out work as a legal representative in relation to a particular legal matter.
- (intransitive) To do something.
- (intransitive) To behave in a certain manner for an indefinite length of time.
- (intransitive, construed with on or upon) To have an effect (on).
- (intransitive) To perform a theatrical role.
- (intransitive) To do something that causes a change binding on the doer.
- (intransitive) Of a play: to be acted out (well or badly).
- (copulative) To convey an appearance of being.
- (transitive) To play (a role).
- (intransitive, mathematics, construed with on or upon, of an algebraic structure) To possess an action onto (some other structure). Examples include the group action of a group on a set, the action of a ring on a module by scalar multiplication, and the action of a group or algebra on a vector space via a representation.
- have an effect or outcome; often the one desired or expected
- perform an action, or work out or perform (an action)
- pretend to have certain qualities or state of mind
- behave in a certain manner; show a certain behavior; conduct or comport oneself
- play a role or part
- discharge one's duties
- behave unnaturally or affectedly
- perform on a stage or theater
- be suitable for theatrical performance
verb
adj
- (of a person or animal) Rugged or physically hardy.
- (of food) Difficult to cut or chew.
- (of a material) Strong and resilient; sturdy.
- (of questions, etc.) Difficult or demanding.
- Rowdy or rough.
- (of a person) Stubborn or persistent; capable of stubbornness or persistence.
- (of weather, etc.) Harsh or severe.
- (material science) Undergoing plastic deformation before breaking.
- Strict, not lenient.
- violent and lawless
- feeling physical discomfort or pain (‘tough’ is occasionally used colloquially for ‘bad’)
- unfortunate or hard to bear
- not given to gentleness or sentimentality
- very difficult; severely testing stamina or resolution
- resistant to cutting or chewing
- making great mental demands; hard to comprehend or solve or believe
- physically toughened
- substantially made or constructed
intj
noun
verb
- make hard or harder
- become hard or harder
- (intransitive) To become hard.
- cause to accept or become hardened to; habituate
- harden by reheating and cooling in oil
- make healthy
- (Slavic phonology) To unpalatalize or velarize.
- (transitive, computing) To modify (a website or other system) to make it resistant to malicious attacks.
- (intransitive, informal) To get an erection.
- (transitive, ergative) To make something hard or harder.
- (ambitransitive) To become or make (a person or thing) resistant or less sensitive.
- (transitive, figurative) To strengthen.
- (ambitransitive, phonology) To become or make (a consonant) more fortis; to (cause to) undergo fortition.
noun
verb
- work hard on something
- To work hard.
- To form a felt-like texture, similar to the way beaver fur is used for felt-making.
- (backgammon) After being doubled, to immediately double the stakes again, a move that keeps the doubling cube on one’s own side of the board.
- (slang) To spot a beard in a game of beaver.
- (logging, slang) To cut a continuous ring around a tree that one is felling.
noun
- a movable piece of armor on a medieval helmet used to protect the lower face
- the soft brown fur of the beaver
- a hat made with the fur of a beaver (or similar material)
- a full beard
- large semiaquatic rodent with webbed hind feet and a broad flat tail; construct complex dams and underwater lodges
- a man's hat with a tall crown; usually covered with silk or with beaver fur
- (countable, backgammon) A move in response to being doubled, in which one immediately doubles the stakes again, keeping the doubling cube on one’s own side of the board.
- Butter.
- Alternative letter-case form of Beaver (“member of the youngest wing of the Scout movement”).
- Beaver cloth, a heavy felted woollen cloth, used chiefly for making overcoats.
- Alternative spelling of bevor (“part of a helmet”).
- A brown colour, like that of a beaver.
- (chiefly Canada, US, slang, countable) The pubic hair near a vulva or a vulva itself; (attributively) denoting films or literature featuring nude women.
- (Canada, US) Beaver pelts as an article of exchange or as a standard of value.
- (US, offensive, slang) A woman, especially one who is sexually attractive.
- (countable) A semiaquatic rodent of the genus Castor, having a wide, flat tail and webbed feet, native to the Northern Hemisphere.
- (countable, slang) A beard or a bearded person.
- (countable) A hat, of various shapes, made from a felted beaver fur (or later of silk), fashionable in Europe between 1550 and 1850.
- The fur of the beaver.
- (uncountable, historical, slang) A game, in which points are scored by spotting beards.
noun
- Hard work.
- (glassblowing, blow molding) The excess material which adheres to the top, base, or rim of a glass object when it is cut or knocked off from a blowpipe or punty, or from the mold-filling process. Typically removed after annealing as part of the finishing process (e.g. scored and snapped off).
- A spot; a defilement.
- (glassblowing) The metallic oxide from a blowpipe which has adhered to a glass object.
- Confusion, turmoil.
- (glassblowing) The glass circling the tip of a blowpipe or punty, such as the residual glass after detaching a blown vessel, or the lower part of a gather.
verb
noun
- That which requires hard work for its accomplishment; that which demands effort.
- (uncountable) Workers in general; the working class, the workforce; sometimes specifically the labour movement, organised labour.
- (historical) A traditional unit of area in Mexico and Texas, equivalent to 177.1 acres or 71.67 ha.
- The time period during which a mother gives birth.
- (uncountable) A political party or force aiming or claiming to represent the interests of labour.
- An effort expended on a particular task; toil, work.
- (uncommon, zoology) A group of moles.
- (medicine, obstetrics) The act or process of a mother giving birth.
- (nautical) The pitching or tossing of a vessel which results in the straining of timbers and rigging.
- an organized attempt by workers to improve their status by united action (particularly via labor unions) or the leaders of this movement
- concluding state of pregnancy; from the onset of contractions to the birth of a child
- productive work (especially physical work done for wages)
- a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages
- any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted
verb
- work hard
- To suffer the pangs of childbirth.
- To be oppressed with difficulties or disease; to do one's work under conditions which make it especially hard or wearisome; to move slowly, as against opposition, or under a burden.
- (transitive) To belabour, to emphasise or expand upon (a point in a debate, etc).
- (nautical) To pitch or roll heavily, as a ship in a turbulent sea.
- (intransitive) To toil, to work.
- strive and make an effort to reach a goal
- undergo the efforts of childbirth
noun
- A tedious and laborious task.
- A specific degree of pulverization of coffee beans.
- A grinding trick on a skateboard or snowboard.
- (uncountable, slang) Hustle; hard work.
- A traditional communal pilot whale hunt in the Faroe Islands.
- Something that has been reduced to powder, something that has been ground.
- (uncountable, music) Clipping of grindcore (“subgenre of heavy metal”).
- The act of reducing to powder, or of sharpening, by friction.
- an insignificant student who is ridiculed as being affected or boringly studious
- the act of grinding to a powder or dust
- the grade of particle fineness to which a substance is ground
- hard monotonous routine work
verb
- work hard
- (transitive) To reduce to smaller pieces by crushing with lateral motion.
- (sports, intransitive) To slide the flat portion of a skateboard or snowboard across an obstacle such as a railing.
- (slang, Hawaii) To eat.
- (slang) To dance in a sexually suggestive way with both partners in very close proximity, often pressed against each other.
- To produce mechanically and repetitively as if by turning a crank.
- (slang) To rub one's body against another's in a sexual way; to frottage.
- To move with much difficulty or friction; to grate.
- (transitive) To shape with the force of friction.
- (metalworking) To remove material by rubbing with an abrasive surface.
- (transitive) To operate by turning a crank.
- To instill through repetitive teaching.
- (video games) To repeat a task a large number of times in a row to achieve a specific goal.
- (intransitive, slang) To work or study hard; to hustle or drudge.
- (transitive, slang) To annoy or irritate (a person); to grind one's gears.
- (intransitive) To become ground, pulverized, or polished by friction.
- (transitive) To oppress, hold down or weaken.
- (slang, intransitive) To rotate the hips erotically.
- make a grating or grinding sound by rubbing together
- reduce to small pieces or particles by pounding or abrading
- press or grind with a crushing noise
- created by grinding
- dance by rotating the pelvis in an erotically suggestive way, often while in contact with one's partner such that the dancers' legs are interlaced
- shape or form by grinding
verb
- work hard
- remove, harvest, or recover by digging
- remove the inner part or the core of
- get the meaning of something
- turn up, loosen, or remove earth
- thrust down or into
- create by digging
- poke or thrust abruptly
- (transitive) To get by digging; to take from the ground; often with up.
- (mining) To take ore from its bed, in distinction from making excavations in search of ore.
- (volleyball) To defend against an attack hit by the opposing team by successfully passing the ball
- To thrust; to poke.
- (figurative) To investigate, to research, often followed by out or up.
- (transitive, intransitive) To move hard-packed earth out of the way, especially downward to make a hole with a shovel. Or to drill, or the like, through rocks, roads, or the like. More generally, to make any similar hole by moving material out of the way.
noun
- the act of digging
- the site of an archeological exploration
- an aggressive remark directed at a person like a missile and intended to have a telling effect
- the act of touching someone suddenly with your finger or elbow
- a small gouge (as in the cover of a book)
- An archeological or paleontological investigation, or the site where such an investigation is taking place.
- The occupation of digging for gold.
- (music, slang) A rare or interesting vinyl record bought second-hand.
- (medicine, colloquial) Digoxin.
- (cricket) An innings.
- A thrust; a poke.
- (volleyball) A defensive pass of the ball that has been attacked by the opposing team.
- A cutting, sarcastic remark.
verb
- work hard
- act as a servant for older boys, in British public schools
- exhaust or get tired through overuse or great strain or stress
- (intransitive, UK, Ireland, education, historical, colloquial) Of a younger student, to act as a servant for senior students in many British boarding schools.
- (transitive, UK, Ireland, education, historical, colloquial) To have (a younger student) act as a servant in this way.
noun
- finely ground tobacco wrapped in paper; for smoking
- offensive term for a homosexual man
- (US, vulgar, derogatory, offensive) An annoying person.
- (education, historical, colloquial) A younger student acting as a servant for senior students.
- (US, technical) In textile inspections, a rough or coarse defect in the woven fabric.
- (US, Canada, vulgar, usually offensive, sometimes endearing) A homosexual man.
- (UK, Ireland, colloquial) A cigarette.
- (slang, offensive, usually derogatory) An effeminate or unusual homosexual man.
adj
noun
verb
adj
- Requiring effort or labor; difficult, laborious.
- (informal) Very bad, poor.
- Causing pain or distress, either physical or mental.
- Afflicted or suffering with pain (of a body part or, formerly, of a person).
- causing misery or pain or distress
- causing physical or psychological pain
- exceptionally bad or displeasing
- causing physical discomfort
adj
- (by extension) Very difficult.
- (often figuratively) Of an object: used to commit murder; capable of causing death; deadly, fatal.
- Of a person: intending or likely to commit murder; bloodthirsty, homicidal.
- Of, characterized by, or pertaining to murder or murderers.
- characteristic of or capable of or having a tendency toward killing another human being
adj
- So hard as to require extreme dedication to complete.
- Having an extreme dedication to a certain activity.
- Resistant to change.
- Obscene or explicit.
- (pornography) Depicting penetration and abnormal sexual activity.
- (music) Faster or more intense than the regular style.
- (colloquial) Particularly intense; thrillingly dangerous or erratic; desirably violent in appearance; pleasing or "cool" due to intensity or danger.
- intensely loyal
- extremely explicit
adv
noun
adj
- Involving greater complexity; more difficult, elaborate or specialized.
- In a late stage of development or education; having greatly progressed beyond an initial stage.
- Having moved forward in time or space (e.g. advanced ignition timing).
- At or close to the state of the art.
- (Philippines, of a clock or watch) Indicating a time ahead of the correct time.
- (phonetics) Pronounced farther to the front of the vocal tract.
- far along in time
- situated ahead or going before
- ahead of the times
- (of societies) highly developed especially in technology or industry
- ahead in development; complex or intricate
- comparatively late in a course of development
- farther along in physical or mental development
- at a higher level in training or knowledge or skill