Parole in English per 'Based on general knowledge or theory rather than data.'
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verb
adj
- (figuratively, derogatory) Unqualified or uninformed but yet giving advice, especially on technical issues, such as law, architecture, medicine, military theory, or sports; relating to such advice.
- (figuratively) Remote from actual involvement, including a person retired from previously active involvement.
noun
adj
- concerned with theory and data rather than practice; opposed to applied
- free from discordant qualities
- (of color) being chromatically pure; not diluted with white or grey or black
- in a state of sexual virginity
- free of extraneous elements of any kind
- without qualification; used informally as (often pejorative) intensifiers
- (used of persons or behaviors) having no faults; sinless
- Free of immoral behavior or qualities; clean.
- Free of foreign material or pollutants.
- Free of flaws or imperfections; unsullied.
- (of a branch of science) Done for its own sake instead of serving another branch of science.
- (phonetics) Of a single, simple sound or tone; said of some vowels and the unaspirated consonants.
- (programming) Having no side effects.
- Mere; that and that only.
- (Bermuda, slang) A lot of.
- (of sound) Without harmonics or overtones; not harsh or discordant.
adv
noun
verb
verb
- To derive or deduce (a general concept or principle) from particular facts.
- To spread throughout the body and become systemic.
- To infer or induce from specific cases to more general cases or principles.
- To speak in generalities, or in vague terms.
- draw from specific cases for more general cases
- cater to popular taste to make popular and present to the general public; bring into general or common use
- become systemic and spread throughout the body
- speak or write in generalities
adj
- involving reasoning from facts or particulars to general principles or from effects to causes
- requiring evidence for validation or support
- (logic, philosophy) Involving induction of theories from facts.
- (linguistics, conlanging) Of a constructed language, Developed on a basis of languages which already exist.
adv
adj
- based on hypothesis or theory rather than experiment
- (logic) Based on hypothesis and theory rather than experiment or empirical evidence.
- involving deductive reasoning from a general principle to a necessary effect; not supported by fact
- (linguistics, conlanging) Developed entirely from scratch, without deriving it from existing languages.
- Presumed without analysis.
- Self-evident, intuitively obvious.
adv
noun
- Something known or assumed as fact, and is made the basis of reasoning or inference which an intellectual system of any sort (such as knowledge or theoretical framework) is constructed.
- (nautical) A floating reference point, or SLDMB, used to evaluate surface currents in a body of water, and often employed by coastal search and rescue.
- Singular of data: A single recorded phenomenon, especially obtained by scientific work.
- (cartography, surveying, engineering, manufacturing) A point, line, plane, or surface with reference to which positions (such as elevations) are measured or indicated. (Examples include a permanent benchmark in leveling or mean sea level in a topographical survey).
- an item of factual information derived from measurement or research
verb
adj
- Apart from practice or reality; vague; theoretical; impersonal; not applied.
- Pertaining comprehensively to, or representing, a class or group of objects, as opposed to any specific object; considered apart from any application to a particular object: general, generic, nonspecific; representational.
- (object-oriented programming, of a class) Being a partial basis for subclasses rather than a complete template for objects.
- (dance) Lacking a story.
- (art, often capitalized) Free from representational qualities, in particular the non-representational styles of the 20ᵗʰ century.
- (music) Absolute.
- Insufficiently factual.
- (grammar) As a noun, denoting a concept or intangible as opposed to an object, place, or person.
- Separately expressing a property or attribute of an object that is considered to be inherent to that object: attributive, ascriptive.
- Not concrete: conceptual, ideal.
- Difficult to understand; abstruse; hard to conceptualize.
- dealing with a subject in the abstract without practical purpose or intention
- existing only in the mind; separated from embodiment
- not representing or imitating external reality or the objects of nature
noun
- An abridgement or summary of a longer publication.
- (art) An abstract work of art.
- (real estate) A summary title of the key points detailing a tract of land, for ownership; abstract of title.
- (medicine) A powdered solid extract of a medicinal substance mixed with lactose.
- Something that concentrates in itself the qualities of a larger item, or multiple items.
- An abstraction; an abstract term; that which is abstract.
- Concentrated essence of a product.
- The theoretical way of looking at things; something that exists only in idealized form.
- a concept or idea not associated with any specific instance
- a sketchy summary of the main points of an argument or theory
verb
- (transitive) To separate; to disengage.
- (transitive) To draw off (interest or attention).
- (intransitive, fine arts) To create abstractions.
- (transitive, euphemistic) To steal; to take away; to remove without permission.
- (transitive) To summarize; to abridge; to epitomize.
- (intransitive, rare) To perform the process of abstraction.
- (transitive) To remove; to take away; withdraw.
- (intransitive, computing) To produce an abstraction, usually by refactoring existing code. Generally used with "out".
- (transitive) To consider abstractly; to contemplate separately or by itself; to consider theoretically; to look at as a general quality.
- To conceptualize an ideal subgroup by means of the generalization of an attribute, as follows: by apprehending an attribute inherent to one individual, then separating that attribute and contemplating it by itself, then conceiving of that attribute as a general quality, then despecifying that conceived quality with respect to several or many individuals, and by then ideating a group composed of those individuals perceived to possess said quality.
- (intransitive, reflexive, literally, figuratively) To withdraw oneself; to retire.
- consider a concept without thinking of a specific example; consider abstractly or theoretically
- consider apart from a particular case or instance
- give an abstract (of)
- make off with belongings of others
noun
- (philosophy) the doctrine that knowledge is acquired by reason without resort to experience
- Elaboration of theories by use of reason alone without appeal to experience, such as in mathematical systems.
- the doctrine that reason is the right basis for regulating conduct
- the theological doctrine that human reason rather than divine revelation establishes religious truth
- (philosophy) The theory that reason is a source of knowledge independent of and superior to sense perception.
- (philosophy) The theory that knowledge may be derived by deductions from a priori concepts (such as axioms, postulates or earlier deductions).
- A view that the fundamental method for problem solving is through reason and experience rather than faith, inspiration, revelation, intuition or authority.
noun
- reasoning from detailed facts to general principles
- Inductive reasoning from detailed facts to general principles.
- an idea or conclusion having general application
- (psychology) transfer of a response learned to one stimulus to a similar stimulus
- the process of formulating general concepts by abstracting common properties of instances
- The formulation of general concepts from specific instances by abstracting common properties.
noun
- reasoning from detailed facts to general principles
- Inductive reasoning from detailed facts to general principles.
- an idea or conclusion having general application
- (psychology) transfer of a response learned to one stimulus to a similar stimulus
- the process of formulating general concepts by abstracting common properties of instances
- (mathematics) A proof, axiom, problem, or definition that includes another's cases, and also some additional cases; a conclusion reached by inferring from specific cases to more general cases or principles.
- The formulation of general concepts from specific instances by abstracting common properties.
- An oversimplified or exaggerated conception, opinion, or image of the members of a group.
- An act or instance of generalizing; concluding that something true of a subclass is true of the entire class.
noun
- reasoning from detailed facts to general principles
- stimulation that calls up (draws forth) a particular class of behaviors
- an electrical phenomenon whereby an electromotive force (EMF) is generated in a closed circuit by a change in the flow of current
- an act that sets in motion some course of events
- a formal entry into an organization or position or office
- the act of bringing about something (especially at an early time)
- An act of inducting.
- (mathematics) A method of proof of a theorem by first proving it for a specific case (often an integer; usually 0 or 1) and showing that, if it is true for one case then it must be true for the next.
- (embryology) Given a group of cells that emits or displays a substance, the influence of this substance on the fate of a second group of cells.
- (logic) Derivation of general principles from specific instances.
- (mechanical engineering) The delivery of air to the cylinders of an internal combustion piston engine.
- The process of showing a newcomer around a place where they will work or study.
- (theater) Use of rumors to twist and complicate the plot of a play or to narrate in a way that does not have to state truth nor fact within the play.
- A formal ceremony in which a person is appointed to an office or into military service.
- An act of inducing.
- (physics) Generation of an electric current by a varying magnetic field.
- (medicine) The process of inducing labour for the childbirth process.
adj
- General rather than specific.
- Extended, in the sense of diffused; open; clear; full.
- Plain; evident.
- Wide in extent or scope.
- (Gaelic languages) Velarized, i.e. not palatalized.
- Comprehensive; liberal; enlarged.
- (of an accent) Strongly regional.
- Having a large measure of any thing or quality; unlimited; unrestrained.
- (writing) Unsubtle; obvious.
- Free; unrestrained; unconfined.
- lacking subtlety; obvious
- not detailed or specific
- being at a peak or culminating point
- showing or characterized by broad-mindedness
- having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other
- (of speech) heavily and noticeably regional
- broad in scope or content
- very large in expanse or scope
noun
- A lathe tool for turning down the insides and bottoms of cylinders.
- (UK) A shallow lake, one of a number of bodies of water in eastern Norfolk and Suffolk.
- (film, television) A kind of floodlight.
- (UK, historical) A British gold coin worth 20 shillings, issued by the Commonwealth of England in 1656.
- slang term for a woman
adj
- Pertaining to or based on experience, as opposed to theory.
- (philosophy of science) Verifiable by means of scientific experimentation.
- Pertaining to, derived from, or testable by observations made using the physical senses or using instruments which extend the senses.
- relying on medical quackery
- derived from experiment and observation rather than theory
noun
noun
verb
- To speak (a language or words) with only a superficial knowledge of it.
- To approach or study (something, such as a subject) superficially; to dabble in.
- (by extension, US) To hit (someone or something) with a liquid; to splash, to spatter.
- To have a slight, superficial knowledge of something; to dabble.
- (US) To hit with a liquid; to splash, to spatter.
- speak with spotty or superficial knowledge
- work with in an amateurish manner
- to talk foolishly
noun
noun
- The fact of knowing about something; general understanding or familiarity with a subject, place, situation etc.
- Awareness of a particular fact or situation; a state of having been informed or made aware of something.
- The total of what is known; all information and products of learning.
- (countable) Something that can be known; a branch of learning; a piece of information; a science.
- (UK, informal) The deep familiarity with certain routes and places of interest required by taxicab drivers working in London, England.
- (philosophical) Justified true belief
- Familiarity or understanding of a particular skill, branch of learning etc.
- Intellectual understanding; the state of appreciating truth or information.
- the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning
noun
- the body of ideas that determine the knowledge that is intellectually certain at any particular time
- (specifically Ancient Greek philosophy) Know-how; compare techne.
- (philosophy) Scientific knowledge; a principled system of understanding; sometimes contrasted with empiricism.
- (specifically Foucaultian philosophy) The fundamental body of ideas and collective presuppositions that defines the nature and sets the bounds of what is accepted as true knowledge in a given epistemic epoch.
adj
- Suggestive of private knowledge or understanding.
- Shrewd or showing clever awareness; discerning.
- Deliberate, wilful.
- Possessing knowledge or understanding; knowledgeable, intelligent.
- highly educated; having extensive information or understanding
- evidencing the possession of inside information
- alert and fully informed
- characterized by conscious design or purpose
noun
prep
verb
adj
- (now rare outside set phrases) Pertaining to those arts and sciences the study of which is considered to provide general knowledge, as opposed to vocational/occupational, technical or mechanical training.
- Generous; permitting liberty; willing to give unsparingly.
- (politics) Open to political or social changes and reforms associated with either classical or modern liberalism.
- Widely open to new ideas, willing to depart from established opinions or conventions; permissive.
- Ample, abundant; generous in quantity.
- tolerant of change; not bound by authoritarianism, orthodoxy, or tradition
- given or giving freely
- showing or characterized by broad-mindedness
- having political or social views favoring reform and progress
- not literal
noun
- (politics) A supporter of any of several liberal parties.
- One with liberal views, supporting individual liberty (see Wikipedia's article on Liberalism).
- (US politics, Canadian politics, Philippine politics) Someone with progressive or left-wing views, especially on social and environmental issues.
- (Australian politics) A conservative, especially a liberal conservative.
- (UK politics) One who favors individual voting rights, human and civil rights, and laissez-faire markets (also called "classical liberal"; compare libertarian).
- a person who favors a political philosophy of progress and reform and the protection of civil liberties
- a person who favors an economic theory of laissez-faire and self-regulating markets
adj
- Speculative, theoretical, not the result of research.
- (finance) Used to indicate an estimate or a reference amount
- (Maine) Stubborn.
- (informal) Full of ideas or imaginings.
- Of, containing, or being a notion; mental or imaginary.
- (linguistics) Having descriptive value as opposed to a syntactic category.
- not based on fact; existing only in the imagination
- not based on fact or investigation
- indulging in or influenced by fancy
- being of the nature of a notion or concept
noun
adj
- Relating to, or based on, practice or action rather than theory or hypothesis.
- guided by practical experience and observation rather than theory
- Being likely to be effective and applicable to a real situation; able to be put to use.
- Of a person, having skills or knowledge that are practical.
- (film) Light fixtures used for set lighting and seen in the frame of a shot as part of the scenery.
- (theater, not comparable) Of a prop: having some degree of functionality, rather than being a mere imitation.
- concerned with actual use or practice
- being actually such in almost every respect
- having or put to a practical purpose or use
noun
- (British) A part of an exam or series of exams in which the candidate has to demonstrate their practical ability
- (theater) A prop that has some degree of functionality, rather than being a mere imitation.
- Laboratory experiment, test or investigation
- (film) A light fixture used for set lighting and seen in the frame of a shot as part of the scenery.
adj
- (philosophy) Concerned with the a priori or intuitive basis of knowledge, independent of experience.
- Superior; surpassing all others; extraordinary; transcendent.
- (algebra, field theory, of an extension field) That contains elements that are not algebraic.
- Mystical or supernatural.
- (algebra, number theory, field theory, of a number or an element of an extension field) Not algebraic (i.e., not the root of any polynomial that has positive degree and rational coefficients).
- of or characteristic of a system of philosophy emphasizing the intuitive and spiritual above the empirical and material
- existing outside of or not in accordance with nature
noun
noun
- reasoning from the general to the particular (or from cause to effect)
- a reduction in the gross amount on which a tax is calculated; reduces taxes by the percentage fixed for the taxpayer's income bracket
- the act of reducing the selling price of merchandise
- the act of subtracting (removing a part from the whole)
- something that is inferred (deduced or entailed or implied)
- an amount or percentage deducted
- That which is deducted; that which is subtracted or removed.
- (law, finance) A sum withheld from an employee's pay for the purpose of paying tax.
- A sum that can be removed in tax calculations, usually from the taxable amount; something that is written off.
- A conclusion; that which is deduced, concluded or figured out.
- The ability or skill to deduce or figure out; the power of reason
noun
- reasoning from the general to the particular (or from cause to effect)
- the process of producing a chemical compound (usually by the union of simpler chemical compounds)
- the combination of ideas into a complex whole
- (chemistry) The reaction of elements or compounds to form more complex compounds.
- (military) In intelligence usage, the examining and combining of processed information with other information and intelligence for final interpretation.
- The formation of something complex or coherent by combining simpler things.
- (medicine) The reunion of parts that have been divided.
- An Ancient Roman dining-garment.
- (signal processing) Creation of a complex waveform by summation of simpler waveforms.
- (grammar) The uniting of ideas into a sentence.
- (philosophy) The combination of thesis and antithesis.
- (logic) A deduction from the general to the particular, by applying the rules of logic to a premise.
- (rhetoric) An apt arrangement of elements of a text, especially for euphony.
noun
- a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct
- a basic truth or law or assumption
- (law) an explanation of the fundamental reasons (especially an explanation of the working of some device in terms of laws of nature)
- a rule or law concerning a natural phenomenon or the function of a complex system
- a rule or standard especially of good behavior
- rule of personal conduct
- A fundamental essence, particularly one producing a given quality.
- An original faculty or endowment.
- A fundamental assumption or guiding belief.
- (sometimes pluralized) Moral rule or aspect.
- A source, or origin; that from which anything proceeds; fundamental substance or energy; primordial substance; ultimate element, or cause.
- (physics) A rule or law of nature, or the basic idea on how the laws of nature are applied.
- Misspelling of principal.
- A chemical compound within plant or animal tissue that is characteristic of it and more or less peculiar to it, such that it defines the character of that tissue from a human viewpoint (as for example nicotine in tobacco).
- A rule used to choose among solutions to a problem.
verb
noun
- a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct
- prescribed guide for conduct or action
- (mathematics) a standard procedure for solving a class of mathematical problems
- the duration of a monarch's or government's power
- any one of a systematic body of regulations defining the way of life of members of a religious order
- (linguistics) a rule describing (or prescribing) a linguistic practice
- measuring stick consisting of a strip of wood or metal or plastic with a straight edge that is used for drawing straight lines and measuring lengths
- dominance or power through legal authority
- directions that define the way a game or sport is to be conducted
- a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior
- a rule or law concerning a natural phenomenon or the function of a complex system
- something regarded as a normative example
- A straight line (continuous mark, as made by a pen or the like), especially one lying across a paper as a guide for writing.
- A regulating principle.
- A ruler; device for measuring, a straightedge, a measure.
- (law) An order regulating the practice of the courts, or an order made between parties to an action or a suit.
- (mathematics) A determinate method prescribed for performing any operation and producing a certain result.
- A regulation, law, guideline.
- (uncountable) The act of ruling; administration of law; government; empire; authority; control.
- A normal condition or state of affairs.
verb
- be larger in number, quantity, power, status or importance
- have an affinity with; of signs of the zodiac
- decide with authority
- exercise authority over; as of nations
- mark or draw with a ruler
- keep in check
- be excellent or outstanding
- decide on and make a declaration about
- (transitive, stative) To regulate, be in charge of, make decisions for, reign over.
- (transitive) To mark (paper or the like) with rules (lines).
- (slang, intransitive, stative) To excel.
- (intransitive) To decide judicially.
- (transitive) To establish or settle by, or as by, a rule; to fix by universal or general consent, or by common practice.
adv
prep_phrase
noun
- Personal knowledge (with a specific subject etc.).
- (uncountable) A state of being acquainted with a person; originally indicating friendship, intimacy, but now suggesting a slight knowledge less deep than that of friendship; acquaintanceship.
- (countable) A person or persons with whom one is acquainted.
- (uncountable) Such people collectively; one's circle of acquaintances (with plural concord).
- a relationship less intimate than friendship
- a person with whom you are acquainted
- personal knowledge or information about someone or something
adj
- tending to increase knowledge or dissipate ignorance
- serving to instruct or enlighten or inform
- providing or conveying information
- Providing information; especially, providing useful or interesting information.
- Of a standard or specification, not specifying requirements, but merely providing information.
adj
- Of or relating to the presumed or approximate value, rather than the actual value.
- (taxonomy) Of a species, the species name without consideration of whether it is a junior synonym or in reality consists of more than one biological species.
- Assigned to or bearing a person's name.
- Existing in name only.
- (statistics, of a variable) Having values whose order is insignificant.
- Insignificantly small.
- (finance) Of, relating to, or being the rate of interest or return without adjustment for compounding or inflation.
- (philosophy) Of or relating to nominalism.
- Of, resembling, relating to, or consisting of a name or names.
- (economics) Without adjustment to remove the effects of inflation.
- (grammar) Of or relating to a noun or word group that functions as a noun.
- (engineering) According to plan or design.
- (finance) Of, relating to, or being the amount or face value of a sum of money or a stock certificate, for example, and not the purchasing power or market value.
- of, relating to, or characteristic of an amount that is not adjusted for inflation
- existing in name only
- insignificantly small; a matter of form only (‘tokenish’ is informal)
- pertaining to a noun or to a word group that functions as a noun
- relating to or constituting or bearing or giving a name
- named; bearing the name of a specific person
noun
- (UK, police jargon) A person listed in the Police National Computer database as having been convicted, cautioned or recently arrested.
- (grammar) A noun or word group that functions as part of a noun phrase.
- A number (usually natural) used like a name; a numeric code or identifier. (See nominal number on Wikipedia.)
- (grammar) A part of speech that shares features with nouns and adjectives. (Depending on the language, it may comprise nouns, adjectives, possibly numerals, pronouns, and participles.)
- a phrase that can function as the subject or object of a verb
verb
noun
verb
- examine someone's knowledge of something
- test or examine for the presence of disease or infection
- show a certain characteristic when tested
- achieve a certain score or rating on a test
- undergo a test
- determine the presence or properties of (a substance)
- put to the test, as for its quality, or give experimental use to
- To challenge, to put a strain on (something).
- (academics) To administer or assign an examination, often given during the academic term, to (somebody).
- (chemistry) To examine or try, as by the use of some reagent.
- (copulative) To be shown to be by test.
- To place a product or piece of equipment under everyday and/or extreme conditions and examine it for its durability, etc.
- (intransitive, transitive, slang) To challenge (someone) to a fight.
- To refine (gold, silver, etc.) in a test or cupel; to subject to cupellation.
- To put to the proof; to prove the truth, genuineness, or quality of by experiment, or by some principle or standard; to try.
noun
- any standardized procedure for measuring sensitivity or memory or intelligence or aptitude or personality etc
- the act of testing something
- the act of undergoing testing
- a set of questions or exercises evaluating skill or knowledge
- trying something to find out about it
- a hard outer covering as of some amoebas and sea urchins
- (botany) Testa; seed coat.
- (informal, slang, bodybuilding) Clipping of testosterone.
- (academia) An examination, given often during the academic term.
- A cupel or cupelling hearth in which precious metals are melted for trial and refinement.
- (marine biology) The external calciferous shell, or endoskeleton, of an echinoderm, e.g. sand dollars and sea urchins; testa.
- (cricket, normally "Test") A Test match.
- A challenge, trial.
- A session in which a product, piece of equipment, or system is examined under everyday or extreme conditions to evaluate its durability, etc.
adj
- of reasoning; proceeding from particular facts to a general conclusion
- inducing or influencing; leading on
- arising from inductance
- (logic) Of, or relating to logical induction, by generalizing a universal claim or principle from the observed particular instances.
- (physics) Of, relating to, or arising from inductance.
- Influencing; tending to induce or cause.
- Introductory or preparatory.
noun
- Something known or assumed as fact, and is made the basis of reasoning or inference which an intellectual system of any sort (such as knowledge or theoretical framework) is constructed.
- (nautical) A floating reference point, or SLDMB, used to evaluate surface currents in a body of water, and often employed by coastal search and rescue.
- Singular of data: A single recorded phenomenon, especially obtained by scientific work.
- (cartography, surveying, engineering, manufacturing) A point, line, plane, or surface with reference to which positions (such as elevations) are measured or indicated. (Examples include a permanent benchmark in leveling or mean sea level in a topographical survey).
- an item of factual information derived from measurement or research
verb
noun
- (philosophy) the doctrine that knowledge is acquired by reason without resort to experience
- Elaboration of theories by use of reason alone without appeal to experience, such as in mathematical systems.
- the doctrine that reason is the right basis for regulating conduct
- the theological doctrine that human reason rather than divine revelation establishes religious truth
- (philosophy) The theory that reason is a source of knowledge independent of and superior to sense perception.
- (philosophy) The theory that knowledge may be derived by deductions from a priori concepts (such as axioms, postulates or earlier deductions).
- A view that the fundamental method for problem solving is through reason and experience rather than faith, inspiration, revelation, intuition or authority.
noun
- reasoning from detailed facts to general principles
- Inductive reasoning from detailed facts to general principles.
- an idea or conclusion having general application
- (psychology) transfer of a response learned to one stimulus to a similar stimulus
- the process of formulating general concepts by abstracting common properties of instances
- The formulation of general concepts from specific instances by abstracting common properties.
noun
- reasoning from detailed facts to general principles
- Inductive reasoning from detailed facts to general principles.
- an idea or conclusion having general application
- (psychology) transfer of a response learned to one stimulus to a similar stimulus
- the process of formulating general concepts by abstracting common properties of instances
- (mathematics) A proof, axiom, problem, or definition that includes another's cases, and also some additional cases; a conclusion reached by inferring from specific cases to more general cases or principles.
- The formulation of general concepts from specific instances by abstracting common properties.
- An oversimplified or exaggerated conception, opinion, or image of the members of a group.
- An act or instance of generalizing; concluding that something true of a subclass is true of the entire class.
noun
- reasoning from detailed facts to general principles
- stimulation that calls up (draws forth) a particular class of behaviors
- an electrical phenomenon whereby an electromotive force (EMF) is generated in a closed circuit by a change in the flow of current
- an act that sets in motion some course of events
- a formal entry into an organization or position or office
- the act of bringing about something (especially at an early time)
- An act of inducting.
- (mathematics) A method of proof of a theorem by first proving it for a specific case (often an integer; usually 0 or 1) and showing that, if it is true for one case then it must be true for the next.
- (embryology) Given a group of cells that emits or displays a substance, the influence of this substance on the fate of a second group of cells.
- (logic) Derivation of general principles from specific instances.
- (mechanical engineering) The delivery of air to the cylinders of an internal combustion piston engine.
- The process of showing a newcomer around a place where they will work or study.
- (theater) Use of rumors to twist and complicate the plot of a play or to narrate in a way that does not have to state truth nor fact within the play.
- A formal ceremony in which a person is appointed to an office or into military service.
- An act of inducing.
- (physics) Generation of an electric current by a varying magnetic field.
- (medicine) The process of inducing labour for the childbirth process.
noun
verb
- To speak (a language or words) with only a superficial knowledge of it.
- To approach or study (something, such as a subject) superficially; to dabble in.
- (by extension, US) To hit (someone or something) with a liquid; to splash, to spatter.
- To have a slight, superficial knowledge of something; to dabble.
- (US) To hit with a liquid; to splash, to spatter.
- speak with spotty or superficial knowledge
- work with in an amateurish manner
- to talk foolishly
noun
noun
- The fact of knowing about something; general understanding or familiarity with a subject, place, situation etc.
- Awareness of a particular fact or situation; a state of having been informed or made aware of something.
- The total of what is known; all information and products of learning.
- (countable) Something that can be known; a branch of learning; a piece of information; a science.
- (UK, informal) The deep familiarity with certain routes and places of interest required by taxicab drivers working in London, England.
- (philosophical) Justified true belief
- Familiarity or understanding of a particular skill, branch of learning etc.
- Intellectual understanding; the state of appreciating truth or information.
- the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning
noun
- the body of ideas that determine the knowledge that is intellectually certain at any particular time
- (specifically Ancient Greek philosophy) Know-how; compare techne.
- (philosophy) Scientific knowledge; a principled system of understanding; sometimes contrasted with empiricism.
- (specifically Foucaultian philosophy) The fundamental body of ideas and collective presuppositions that defines the nature and sets the bounds of what is accepted as true knowledge in a given epistemic epoch.
noun
- reasoning from the general to the particular (or from cause to effect)
- a reduction in the gross amount on which a tax is calculated; reduces taxes by the percentage fixed for the taxpayer's income bracket
- the act of reducing the selling price of merchandise
- the act of subtracting (removing a part from the whole)
- something that is inferred (deduced or entailed or implied)
- an amount or percentage deducted
- That which is deducted; that which is subtracted or removed.
- (law, finance) A sum withheld from an employee's pay for the purpose of paying tax.
- A sum that can be removed in tax calculations, usually from the taxable amount; something that is written off.
- A conclusion; that which is deduced, concluded or figured out.
- The ability or skill to deduce or figure out; the power of reason
noun
- reasoning from the general to the particular (or from cause to effect)
- the process of producing a chemical compound (usually by the union of simpler chemical compounds)
- the combination of ideas into a complex whole
- (chemistry) The reaction of elements or compounds to form more complex compounds.
- (military) In intelligence usage, the examining and combining of processed information with other information and intelligence for final interpretation.
- The formation of something complex or coherent by combining simpler things.
- (medicine) The reunion of parts that have been divided.
- An Ancient Roman dining-garment.
- (signal processing) Creation of a complex waveform by summation of simpler waveforms.
- (grammar) The uniting of ideas into a sentence.
- (philosophy) The combination of thesis and antithesis.
- (logic) A deduction from the general to the particular, by applying the rules of logic to a premise.
- (rhetoric) An apt arrangement of elements of a text, especially for euphony.
noun
- a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct
- a basic truth or law or assumption
- (law) an explanation of the fundamental reasons (especially an explanation of the working of some device in terms of laws of nature)
- a rule or law concerning a natural phenomenon or the function of a complex system
- a rule or standard especially of good behavior
- rule of personal conduct
- A fundamental essence, particularly one producing a given quality.
- An original faculty or endowment.
- A fundamental assumption or guiding belief.
- (sometimes pluralized) Moral rule or aspect.
- A source, or origin; that from which anything proceeds; fundamental substance or energy; primordial substance; ultimate element, or cause.
- (physics) A rule or law of nature, or the basic idea on how the laws of nature are applied.
- Misspelling of principal.
- A chemical compound within plant or animal tissue that is characteristic of it and more or less peculiar to it, such that it defines the character of that tissue from a human viewpoint (as for example nicotine in tobacco).
- A rule used to choose among solutions to a problem.
verb
noun
- a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct
- prescribed guide for conduct or action
- (mathematics) a standard procedure for solving a class of mathematical problems
- the duration of a monarch's or government's power
- any one of a systematic body of regulations defining the way of life of members of a religious order
- (linguistics) a rule describing (or prescribing) a linguistic practice
- measuring stick consisting of a strip of wood or metal or plastic with a straight edge that is used for drawing straight lines and measuring lengths
- dominance or power through legal authority
- directions that define the way a game or sport is to be conducted
- a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior
- a rule or law concerning a natural phenomenon or the function of a complex system
- something regarded as a normative example
- A straight line (continuous mark, as made by a pen or the like), especially one lying across a paper as a guide for writing.
- A regulating principle.
- A ruler; device for measuring, a straightedge, a measure.
- (law) An order regulating the practice of the courts, or an order made between parties to an action or a suit.
- (mathematics) A determinate method prescribed for performing any operation and producing a certain result.
- A regulation, law, guideline.
- (uncountable) The act of ruling; administration of law; government; empire; authority; control.
- A normal condition or state of affairs.
verb
- be larger in number, quantity, power, status or importance
- have an affinity with; of signs of the zodiac
- decide with authority
- exercise authority over; as of nations
- mark or draw with a ruler
- keep in check
- be excellent or outstanding
- decide on and make a declaration about
- (transitive, stative) To regulate, be in charge of, make decisions for, reign over.
- (transitive) To mark (paper or the like) with rules (lines).
- (slang, intransitive, stative) To excel.
- (intransitive) To decide judicially.
- (transitive) To establish or settle by, or as by, a rule; to fix by universal or general consent, or by common practice.
noun
- Personal knowledge (with a specific subject etc.).
- (uncountable) A state of being acquainted with a person; originally indicating friendship, intimacy, but now suggesting a slight knowledge less deep than that of friendship; acquaintanceship.
- (countable) A person or persons with whom one is acquainted.
- (uncountable) Such people collectively; one's circle of acquaintances (with plural concord).
- a relationship less intimate than friendship
- a person with whom you are acquainted
- personal knowledge or information about someone or something
verb
adj
- (figuratively, derogatory) Unqualified or uninformed but yet giving advice, especially on technical issues, such as law, architecture, medicine, military theory, or sports; relating to such advice.
- (figuratively) Remote from actual involvement, including a person retired from previously active involvement.
noun
verb
- To derive or deduce (a general concept or principle) from particular facts.
- To spread throughout the body and become systemic.
- To infer or induce from specific cases to more general cases or principles.
- To speak in generalities, or in vague terms.
- draw from specific cases for more general cases
- cater to popular taste to make popular and present to the general public; bring into general or common use
- become systemic and spread throughout the body
- speak or write in generalities
verb
noun
verb
- examine someone's knowledge of something
- test or examine for the presence of disease or infection
- show a certain characteristic when tested
- achieve a certain score or rating on a test
- undergo a test
- determine the presence or properties of (a substance)
- put to the test, as for its quality, or give experimental use to
- To challenge, to put a strain on (something).
- (academics) To administer or assign an examination, often given during the academic term, to (somebody).
- (chemistry) To examine or try, as by the use of some reagent.
- (copulative) To be shown to be by test.
- To place a product or piece of equipment under everyday and/or extreme conditions and examine it for its durability, etc.
- (intransitive, transitive, slang) To challenge (someone) to a fight.
- To refine (gold, silver, etc.) in a test or cupel; to subject to cupellation.
- To put to the proof; to prove the truth, genuineness, or quality of by experiment, or by some principle or standard; to try.
noun
- any standardized procedure for measuring sensitivity or memory or intelligence or aptitude or personality etc
- the act of testing something
- the act of undergoing testing
- a set of questions or exercises evaluating skill or knowledge
- trying something to find out about it
- a hard outer covering as of some amoebas and sea urchins
- (botany) Testa; seed coat.
- (informal, slang, bodybuilding) Clipping of testosterone.
- (academia) An examination, given often during the academic term.
- A cupel or cupelling hearth in which precious metals are melted for trial and refinement.
- (marine biology) The external calciferous shell, or endoskeleton, of an echinoderm, e.g. sand dollars and sea urchins; testa.
- (cricket, normally "Test") A Test match.
- A challenge, trial.
- A session in which a product, piece of equipment, or system is examined under everyday or extreme conditions to evaluate its durability, etc.
adv
prep_phrase
adj
- based on hypothesis or theory rather than experiment
- (logic) Based on hypothesis and theory rather than experiment or empirical evidence.
- involving deductive reasoning from a general principle to a necessary effect; not supported by fact
- (linguistics, conlanging) Developed entirely from scratch, without deriving it from existing languages.
- Presumed without analysis.
- Self-evident, intuitively obvious.
adv
adj
- concerned with theory and data rather than practice; opposed to applied
- free from discordant qualities
- (of color) being chromatically pure; not diluted with white or grey or black
- in a state of sexual virginity
- free of extraneous elements of any kind
- without qualification; used informally as (often pejorative) intensifiers
- (used of persons or behaviors) having no faults; sinless
- Free of immoral behavior or qualities; clean.
- Free of foreign material or pollutants.
- Free of flaws or imperfections; unsullied.
- (of a branch of science) Done for its own sake instead of serving another branch of science.
- (phonetics) Of a single, simple sound or tone; said of some vowels and the unaspirated consonants.
- (programming) Having no side effects.
- Mere; that and that only.
- (Bermuda, slang) A lot of.
- (of sound) Without harmonics or overtones; not harsh or discordant.
adv
noun
verb
adj
- involving reasoning from facts or particulars to general principles or from effects to causes
- requiring evidence for validation or support
- (logic, philosophy) Involving induction of theories from facts.
- (linguistics, conlanging) Of a constructed language, Developed on a basis of languages which already exist.
adv
adj
- based on hypothesis or theory rather than experiment
- (logic) Based on hypothesis and theory rather than experiment or empirical evidence.
- involving deductive reasoning from a general principle to a necessary effect; not supported by fact
- (linguistics, conlanging) Developed entirely from scratch, without deriving it from existing languages.
- Presumed without analysis.
- Self-evident, intuitively obvious.
adv
adj
- Apart from practice or reality; vague; theoretical; impersonal; not applied.
- Pertaining comprehensively to, or representing, a class or group of objects, as opposed to any specific object; considered apart from any application to a particular object: general, generic, nonspecific; representational.
- (object-oriented programming, of a class) Being a partial basis for subclasses rather than a complete template for objects.
- (dance) Lacking a story.
- (art, often capitalized) Free from representational qualities, in particular the non-representational styles of the 20ᵗʰ century.
- (music) Absolute.
- Insufficiently factual.
- (grammar) As a noun, denoting a concept or intangible as opposed to an object, place, or person.
- Separately expressing a property or attribute of an object that is considered to be inherent to that object: attributive, ascriptive.
- Not concrete: conceptual, ideal.
- Difficult to understand; abstruse; hard to conceptualize.
- dealing with a subject in the abstract without practical purpose or intention
- existing only in the mind; separated from embodiment
- not representing or imitating external reality or the objects of nature
noun
- An abridgement or summary of a longer publication.
- (art) An abstract work of art.
- (real estate) A summary title of the key points detailing a tract of land, for ownership; abstract of title.
- (medicine) A powdered solid extract of a medicinal substance mixed with lactose.
- Something that concentrates in itself the qualities of a larger item, or multiple items.
- An abstraction; an abstract term; that which is abstract.
- Concentrated essence of a product.
- The theoretical way of looking at things; something that exists only in idealized form.
- a concept or idea not associated with any specific instance
- a sketchy summary of the main points of an argument or theory
verb
- (transitive) To separate; to disengage.
- (transitive) To draw off (interest or attention).
- (intransitive, fine arts) To create abstractions.
- (transitive, euphemistic) To steal; to take away; to remove without permission.
- (transitive) To summarize; to abridge; to epitomize.
- (intransitive, rare) To perform the process of abstraction.
- (transitive) To remove; to take away; withdraw.
- (intransitive, computing) To produce an abstraction, usually by refactoring existing code. Generally used with "out".
- (transitive) To consider abstractly; to contemplate separately or by itself; to consider theoretically; to look at as a general quality.
- To conceptualize an ideal subgroup by means of the generalization of an attribute, as follows: by apprehending an attribute inherent to one individual, then separating that attribute and contemplating it by itself, then conceiving of that attribute as a general quality, then despecifying that conceived quality with respect to several or many individuals, and by then ideating a group composed of those individuals perceived to possess said quality.
- (intransitive, reflexive, literally, figuratively) To withdraw oneself; to retire.
- consider a concept without thinking of a specific example; consider abstractly or theoretically
- consider apart from a particular case or instance
- give an abstract (of)
- make off with belongings of others
adj
- General rather than specific.
- Extended, in the sense of diffused; open; clear; full.
- Plain; evident.
- Wide in extent or scope.
- (Gaelic languages) Velarized, i.e. not palatalized.
- Comprehensive; liberal; enlarged.
- (of an accent) Strongly regional.
- Having a large measure of any thing or quality; unlimited; unrestrained.
- (writing) Unsubtle; obvious.
- Free; unrestrained; unconfined.
- lacking subtlety; obvious
- not detailed or specific
- being at a peak or culminating point
- showing or characterized by broad-mindedness
- having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other
- (of speech) heavily and noticeably regional
- broad in scope or content
- very large in expanse or scope
noun
- A lathe tool for turning down the insides and bottoms of cylinders.
- (UK) A shallow lake, one of a number of bodies of water in eastern Norfolk and Suffolk.
- (film, television) A kind of floodlight.
- (UK, historical) A British gold coin worth 20 shillings, issued by the Commonwealth of England in 1656.
- slang term for a woman
adj
- Pertaining to or based on experience, as opposed to theory.
- (philosophy of science) Verifiable by means of scientific experimentation.
- Pertaining to, derived from, or testable by observations made using the physical senses or using instruments which extend the senses.
- relying on medical quackery
- derived from experiment and observation rather than theory
noun
adj
- Suggestive of private knowledge or understanding.
- Shrewd or showing clever awareness; discerning.
- Deliberate, wilful.
- Possessing knowledge or understanding; knowledgeable, intelligent.
- highly educated; having extensive information or understanding
- evidencing the possession of inside information
- alert and fully informed
- characterized by conscious design or purpose
noun
prep
verb
adj
- (now rare outside set phrases) Pertaining to those arts and sciences the study of which is considered to provide general knowledge, as opposed to vocational/occupational, technical or mechanical training.
- Generous; permitting liberty; willing to give unsparingly.
- (politics) Open to political or social changes and reforms associated with either classical or modern liberalism.
- Widely open to new ideas, willing to depart from established opinions or conventions; permissive.
- Ample, abundant; generous in quantity.
- tolerant of change; not bound by authoritarianism, orthodoxy, or tradition
- given or giving freely
- showing or characterized by broad-mindedness
- having political or social views favoring reform and progress
- not literal
noun
- (politics) A supporter of any of several liberal parties.
- One with liberal views, supporting individual liberty (see Wikipedia's article on Liberalism).
- (US politics, Canadian politics, Philippine politics) Someone with progressive or left-wing views, especially on social and environmental issues.
- (Australian politics) A conservative, especially a liberal conservative.
- (UK politics) One who favors individual voting rights, human and civil rights, and laissez-faire markets (also called "classical liberal"; compare libertarian).
- a person who favors a political philosophy of progress and reform and the protection of civil liberties
- a person who favors an economic theory of laissez-faire and self-regulating markets
adj
- Speculative, theoretical, not the result of research.
- (finance) Used to indicate an estimate or a reference amount
- (Maine) Stubborn.
- (informal) Full of ideas or imaginings.
- Of, containing, or being a notion; mental or imaginary.
- (linguistics) Having descriptive value as opposed to a syntactic category.
- not based on fact; existing only in the imagination
- not based on fact or investigation
- indulging in or influenced by fancy
- being of the nature of a notion or concept
noun
adj
- Relating to, or based on, practice or action rather than theory or hypothesis.
- guided by practical experience and observation rather than theory
- Being likely to be effective and applicable to a real situation; able to be put to use.
- Of a person, having skills or knowledge that are practical.
- (film) Light fixtures used for set lighting and seen in the frame of a shot as part of the scenery.
- (theater, not comparable) Of a prop: having some degree of functionality, rather than being a mere imitation.
- concerned with actual use or practice
- being actually such in almost every respect
- having or put to a practical purpose or use
noun
- (British) A part of an exam or series of exams in which the candidate has to demonstrate their practical ability
- (theater) A prop that has some degree of functionality, rather than being a mere imitation.
- Laboratory experiment, test or investigation
- (film) A light fixture used for set lighting and seen in the frame of a shot as part of the scenery.
adj
- (philosophy) Concerned with the a priori or intuitive basis of knowledge, independent of experience.
- Superior; surpassing all others; extraordinary; transcendent.
- (algebra, field theory, of an extension field) That contains elements that are not algebraic.
- Mystical or supernatural.
- (algebra, number theory, field theory, of a number or an element of an extension field) Not algebraic (i.e., not the root of any polynomial that has positive degree and rational coefficients).
- of or characteristic of a system of philosophy emphasizing the intuitive and spiritual above the empirical and material
- existing outside of or not in accordance with nature
noun
adj
- tending to increase knowledge or dissipate ignorance
- serving to instruct or enlighten or inform
- providing or conveying information
- Providing information; especially, providing useful or interesting information.
- Of a standard or specification, not specifying requirements, but merely providing information.
adj
- Of or relating to the presumed or approximate value, rather than the actual value.
- (taxonomy) Of a species, the species name without consideration of whether it is a junior synonym or in reality consists of more than one biological species.
- Assigned to or bearing a person's name.
- Existing in name only.
- (statistics, of a variable) Having values whose order is insignificant.
- Insignificantly small.
- (finance) Of, relating to, or being the rate of interest or return without adjustment for compounding or inflation.
- (philosophy) Of or relating to nominalism.
- Of, resembling, relating to, or consisting of a name or names.
- (economics) Without adjustment to remove the effects of inflation.
- (grammar) Of or relating to a noun or word group that functions as a noun.
- (engineering) According to plan or design.
- (finance) Of, relating to, or being the amount or face value of a sum of money or a stock certificate, for example, and not the purchasing power or market value.
- of, relating to, or characteristic of an amount that is not adjusted for inflation
- existing in name only
- insignificantly small; a matter of form only (‘tokenish’ is informal)
- pertaining to a noun or to a word group that functions as a noun
- relating to or constituting or bearing or giving a name
- named; bearing the name of a specific person
noun
- (UK, police jargon) A person listed in the Police National Computer database as having been convicted, cautioned or recently arrested.
- (grammar) A noun or word group that functions as part of a noun phrase.
- A number (usually natural) used like a name; a numeric code or identifier. (See nominal number on Wikipedia.)
- (grammar) A part of speech that shares features with nouns and adjectives. (Depending on the language, it may comprise nouns, adjectives, possibly numerals, pronouns, and participles.)
- a phrase that can function as the subject or object of a verb
adj
- of reasoning; proceeding from particular facts to a general conclusion
- inducing or influencing; leading on
- arising from inductance
- (logic) Of, or relating to logical induction, by generalizing a universal claim or principle from the observed particular instances.
- (physics) Of, relating to, or arising from inductance.
- Influencing; tending to induce or cause.
- Introductory or preparatory.