English-Wörter für 'topographic'
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noun
noun
noun
- A map illustrating the geography of a specific phenomenon.
- A ranked listing of competitors, as of recorded music.
- A diagram.
- A graph.
- A written deed; a charter.
- (differential geometry, topology) Synonym of coordinate chart.
- A tabular presentation of data; a table.
- A navigator's map.
- A record of a patient's diagnosis, care instructions, and recent history.
- (usually plural) a listing of best-selling recorded music
- a visual display of information
- a map designed to assist navigation by air or sea
verb
- To enter (medical information) into a medical record.
- (transitive) To draw a chart or map of.
- (transitive) To draw or figure out (a route or plan).
- (intransitive, of a record or artist) To appear on a hit-recording chart.
- (transitive) To record systematically.
- make a chart of
- plan in detail
- represent by means of a graph
adj
- topographically very uneven
- subdued or brought low in condition or status
- (especially of promises or contracts) having been violated or disregarded
- physically and forcibly separated into pieces or cracked or split
- thrown into a state of disarray or confusion
- not continuous in space, time, or sequence or varying abruptly
- out of working order (‘busted’ is an informal substitute for ‘broken’)
- imperfectly spoken or written
- tamed or trained to obey
- lacking a part or parts
- weakened and infirm
- discontinuous
- destroyed financially
- (of land) Uneven.
- (of a melody) Having periods of silence scattered throughout; not regularly continuous.
- (of a promise, etc) Breached; violated; not kept.
- (of a person) Completely defeated and dispirited; shattered; destroyed.
- (meteorology, of the sky) Five-eighths to seven-eighths obscured by clouds; incompletely covered by clouds.
- (sports, video games, of a tactic or option) Overpowered; overly powerful; giving a player too much power.
- (of an electronic connection) Disconnected, no longer open or carrying traffic.
- (of skin) Split or ruptured.
- (of language) Grammatically non-standard, especially as a result of being produced by a non-native speaker.
- Having no money; bankrupt, broke.
- (of sleep) Interrupted; not continuous.
- Non-functional; not functioning properly.
- (colloquial, US, of a situation) Not having gone in the way intended; saddening.
- (of a line) Dashed; made up of short lines with small gaps between each one and the next.
- Fragmented; in separate pieces.
- (informal) Badly designed or implemented.
- (of a bone or body part) Fractured; having the bone in pieces.
verb
adj
- topographically very uneven
- sturdy and strong in constitution or construction; enduring
- having long narrow shallow depressions (as grooves or wrinkles) in the surface
- very difficult; severely testing stamina or resolution
- (of behaviour) Violent; rude; boisterous
- (of weather) Stormy; turbulent; tempestuous
- (of temper, character, or people) Harsh; austere; hard
- Not neat or regular; irregular, uneven.
- Covered with a rug.
- (of health, physique etc.) Vigorous; robust; hardy
- (of land) Rocky and bare of plantlife.
- Rough with bristly hair; shaggy.
- Broken into sharp or irregular points; uneven; not smooth; rough.
- (of sound, style etc.) Harsh; grating; unpleasant sounding or looking
- (of a person) Strong, sturdy, well-built.
- (of looks, appearance etc.) Sour; surly; frowning; wrinkled
- Having a rug or rugs.
- (computing, of a computer) Designed to reliably operate in harsh usage environments and conditions.
verb
noun
- Terrain: the physical properties of a region of the earth.
- The study of the physical properties of the earth, including how humans affect and are affected by them.
- (figuratively) The relative arrangement of the parts of anything.
- (chiefly upper-class UK, euphemistic) The lavatory: a room used for urination and defecation.
- (astronomy) Similar books, studies, or regions concerning other planets.
- Any subject considered in terms of its physical distribution.
- (chiefly business and marketing) A territory: a geographical area as a field of business or market sector.
- The physical arrangement of any place, particularly (UK, slang) a house.
- study of the earth's surface; includes people's responses to topography and climate and soil and vegetation
noun
- topographic study of a given place (especially the history of the place as indicated by its topography)
- (topography) The topographical study of geographic locations or given places in relation to their history.
- the configuration of a communication network
- the study of anatomy based on regions or divisions of the body and emphasizing the relations between various structures (muscles and nerves and arteries etc.) in that region
- the branch of pure mathematics that deals only with the properties of a figure X that hold for every figure into which X can be transformed with a one-to-one correspondence that is continuous in both directions
- (mathematics, uncountable) The branch of mathematics dealing with those properties of a geometrical object (of arbitrary dimensionality) that are unchanged by continuous deformations (such as stretching, bending, etc., without tearing or gluing).
- (technology) The properties of a particular technological embodiment that are not affected by differences in the physical layout or form of its application.
- (medicine) The anatomical structure of part of the body.
- (topology) Any collection τ of subsets of a given set X that contains both the empty set and X, and which is closed under finitary intersections and arbitrary unions.
- (computing) The arrangement of nodes in a communications network.
noun
- (geography) An area that is lower in topography than its surroundings.
- (psychology, usually uncountable) A state of mind producing serious, long-term lowering of enjoyment of life or inability to visualize a happy future; any of several mental disorders with this state of mind as a central feature.
- (economics) A period of major economic contraction.
- The act of lowering or pressing something down.
- (economics) Four consecutive quarters of negative, real GDP growth (for example, this operational definition is used by the US NBER and many other writers).
- (meteorology) An area of lowered air pressure that generally brings moist weather, sometimes promoting hurricanes and tornadoes.
- (biology, physiology) A lowering, in particular a reduction in a particular biological variable or the function of an organ, in contrast to elevation.
- (psychology, countable) A period of low morale or unhappiness (a period of experiencing the above-mentioned state of mind) which lasts longer than several weeks and may include ideation of self-inflicted injury or suicide.
- a sunken or depressed geological formation
- a concavity in a surface produced by pressing
- sad feelings of gloom and inadequacy
- an air mass of lower pressure; often brings precipitation
- a mental state characterized by a pessimistic sense of inadequacy and a despondent lack of activity
- a long-term economic state characterized by unemployment and low prices and low levels of trade and investment
- angular distance below the horizon (especially of a celestial object)
- pushing down
- a state of depression and anhedonia so severe as to require clinical intervention
noun
- A particular geographic region.
- (mathematics) A measure of the extent of a surface; it is measured in square units.
- Any particular extent of surface, especially an empty or unused extent.
- The extent, scope, or range of an object or concept.
- (soccer) Penalty box; penalty area.
- (British) An open space, below ground level, giving access to the basement of a house, and typically separated from the pavement by railings.
- (slang) Genitals.
- a part of a structure having some specific characteristic or function
- a part of an animal that has a special function or is supplied by a given artery or nerve
- a particular geographical region of indefinite boundary (usually serving some special purpose or distinguished by its people or culture or geography)
- a subject of study
- the extent of a 2-dimensional surface enclosed within a boundary
- a particular environment or walk of life
noun
- a local and well-defined elevation of the land
- structure consisting of an artificial heap or bank usually of earth or stones
- (baseball) the slight elevation on which the pitcher stands
- (baseball) The pitcher’s mound.
- A sloping road.
- The raised portion of the surface of a vinyl record.
- (US) A heap of earth surrounding a plant.
- An elevated landmass smaller than a mountain.
- (US) A single cluster or group of plants growing close together, and having the earth heaped up about them.
verb
verb
- plot a map of (land)
- keep under surveillance
- consider in a comprehensive way
- look over carefully or inspect
- hold a review (of troops)
- make a survey of; for statistical purposes
- To view with a scrutinizing eye; to examine.
- To determine the form, extent, position, etc., of, as a tract of land, a coast, harbor, or the like, by means of linear and angular measurements, and the application of the principles of geometry and trigonometry
- To investigate the opinions, experiences, etc., of people by asking them questions; to conduct a survey; to administer a questionnaire.
- To inspect, or take a view of; to view with attention, as from a high place; to overlook
- To examine and ascertain, as the boundaries and royalties of a manor, the tenure of the tenants, and the rent and value of the same.
- To examine with reference to condition, situation, value, etc.; to examine and ascertain the state of
noun
- short descriptive summary (of events)
- the act of looking or seeing or observing
- a detailed critical inspection
- The operation of finding the contour, dimensions, position, or other particulars of any part of the Earth's surface.
- A measured plan and description of any portion of country.
- A particular view; an examination, especially an official examination, of a particular group of items, in order to ascertain the condition, quantity, or quality.
- (US) A district for the collection of customs under a particular officer.
- A questionnaire or similar instrument used for examining the opinions of a group of people.
- The act of surveying; a general view.
- (historical) An auction at which a farm is let for a lease for lives.
- An examination of the opinions of a group of people.
adj
- Denoting a map showing natural features of the landscape (compare political).
- Sexual, carnal.
- In accordance with the laws of nature; now specifically, pertaining to physics.
- Having to do with the body as opposed to the mind; corporeal, bodily.
- Involving bodily force or contact; vigorous, aggressive.
- Pertaining to the world as understood through the senses rather than the mind, having to do with the material world.
- impelled by physical force especially against resistance
- characterized by energetic bodily activity
- concerned with material things
- involving the body as distinguished from the mind or spirit
- relating to the sciences dealing with matter and energy; especially physics
- according with material things or natural laws (other than those peculiar to living matter)
- having substance or material existence; perceptible to the senses
noun
noun
- (geography) A slope of earth, sand, etc.; an embankment.
- (countable) A fund from deposits or contributions, to be used in transacting business; a joint stock or capital.
- (slang, uncountable) Money; profit.
- (mining) The face of the coal at which miners are working.
- (computing) A contiguous block of memory that is of fixed, hardware-dependent size, but often larger than a page and partitioning the memory such that two distinct banks do not overlap.
- A bench, as for rowers in a galley; also, a tier of oars.
- The regular term of a court of law, or the full court sitting to hear arguments upon questions of law, as distinguished from a sitting at nisi prius, or a court held for jury trials. See banc
- (mining) A deposit of ore or coal, worked by excavations above water level.
- (mining) The ground at the top of a shaft.
- (countable) In certain games, such as dominos, a fund of pieces from which the players are allowed to draw.
- (countable) A branch office of such an institution.
- (hydrology) An edge of river, lake, or other watercourse.
- (nautical, hydrology) An elevation under the sea; a shallow area of shifting sand, gravel, mud, and so forth
- (countable) A device used to store coins or currency.
- (countable) An institution where one can place and borrow money and take care of financial affairs.
- (pinball) A set of multiple adjacent drop targets.
- A row or panel of items stored or grouped together.
- (countable) An underwriter or controller of a card game.
- (countable, chiefly in combination) A safe and guaranteed place of storage for and retrieval of important items or goods.
- A bench or seat for judges in court.
- (aviation) The incline of an aircraft, especially during a turn.
- (gambling, countable) The sum of money etc. which the dealer or banker has as a fund from which to draw stakes and pay losses.
- (music) A bench, or row of keys belonging to a keyboard, as in an organ.
- A row of keys on a musical keyboard or the equivalent on a typewriter keyboard.
- A mass of clouds.
- (rail transport) An incline, a hill.
- a supply or stock held in reserve for future use (especially in emergencies)
- a building in which the business of banking is transacted
- sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water)
- a flight maneuver; aircraft tips laterally about its longitudinal axis (especially in turning)
- the funds held by a gambling house or the dealer in some gambling games
- a container (usually with a slot in the top) for keeping money at home
- a slope in the turn of a road or track; the outside is higher than the inside in order to reduce the effects of centrifugal force
- a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities
- an arrangement of similar objects in a row or in tiers
- a long ridge or pile
verb
- (transitive, finance) To provide banking services to.
- (intransitive, of clouds) To form a bank; to gather in masses.
- (transitive) To put into a bank.
- (transitive) To cover the embers of a fire with ashes in order to retain heat.
- (rail transport, UK) To provide additional power for a train ascending a bank (incline) by attaching another locomotive.
- (intransitive, aviation) To roll or incline laterally in order to turn.
- (transitive) To cause (an aircraft) to bank.
- (transitive) To form into a bank or heap, to bank up.
- (transitive, order and arrangement) To arrange or order in a row.
- (intransitive) To deal with a bank or financial institution, or for an institution to provide financial services to a client.
- (transitive, slang) To conceal in the rectum for use in prison.
- (transitive) To raise a mound or dike about; to enclose, defend, or fortify with a bank; to embank.
- do business with a bank or keep an account at a bank
- cover with ashes so to control the rate of burning
- act as the banker in a game or in gambling
- have faith or confidence in
- tip laterally
- put into a bank account
- be in the banking business
- enclose with a bank
noun
noun
noun
- A map illustrating the geography of a specific phenomenon.
- A ranked listing of competitors, as of recorded music.
- A diagram.
- A graph.
- A written deed; a charter.
- (differential geometry, topology) Synonym of coordinate chart.
- A tabular presentation of data; a table.
- A navigator's map.
- A record of a patient's diagnosis, care instructions, and recent history.
- (usually plural) a listing of best-selling recorded music
- a visual display of information
- a map designed to assist navigation by air or sea
verb
- To enter (medical information) into a medical record.
- (transitive) To draw a chart or map of.
- (transitive) To draw or figure out (a route or plan).
- (intransitive, of a record or artist) To appear on a hit-recording chart.
- (transitive) To record systematically.
- make a chart of
- plan in detail
- represent by means of a graph
noun
- Terrain: the physical properties of a region of the earth.
- The study of the physical properties of the earth, including how humans affect and are affected by them.
- (figuratively) The relative arrangement of the parts of anything.
- (chiefly upper-class UK, euphemistic) The lavatory: a room used for urination and defecation.
- (astronomy) Similar books, studies, or regions concerning other planets.
- Any subject considered in terms of its physical distribution.
- (chiefly business and marketing) A territory: a geographical area as a field of business or market sector.
- The physical arrangement of any place, particularly (UK, slang) a house.
- study of the earth's surface; includes people's responses to topography and climate and soil and vegetation
noun
- topographic study of a given place (especially the history of the place as indicated by its topography)
- (topography) The topographical study of geographic locations or given places in relation to their history.
- the configuration of a communication network
- the study of anatomy based on regions or divisions of the body and emphasizing the relations between various structures (muscles and nerves and arteries etc.) in that region
- the branch of pure mathematics that deals only with the properties of a figure X that hold for every figure into which X can be transformed with a one-to-one correspondence that is continuous in both directions
- (mathematics, uncountable) The branch of mathematics dealing with those properties of a geometrical object (of arbitrary dimensionality) that are unchanged by continuous deformations (such as stretching, bending, etc., without tearing or gluing).
- (technology) The properties of a particular technological embodiment that are not affected by differences in the physical layout or form of its application.
- (medicine) The anatomical structure of part of the body.
- (topology) Any collection τ of subsets of a given set X that contains both the empty set and X, and which is closed under finitary intersections and arbitrary unions.
- (computing) The arrangement of nodes in a communications network.
noun
- (geography) An area that is lower in topography than its surroundings.
- (psychology, usually uncountable) A state of mind producing serious, long-term lowering of enjoyment of life or inability to visualize a happy future; any of several mental disorders with this state of mind as a central feature.
- (economics) A period of major economic contraction.
- The act of lowering or pressing something down.
- (economics) Four consecutive quarters of negative, real GDP growth (for example, this operational definition is used by the US NBER and many other writers).
- (meteorology) An area of lowered air pressure that generally brings moist weather, sometimes promoting hurricanes and tornadoes.
- (biology, physiology) A lowering, in particular a reduction in a particular biological variable or the function of an organ, in contrast to elevation.
- (psychology, countable) A period of low morale or unhappiness (a period of experiencing the above-mentioned state of mind) which lasts longer than several weeks and may include ideation of self-inflicted injury or suicide.
- a sunken or depressed geological formation
- a concavity in a surface produced by pressing
- sad feelings of gloom and inadequacy
- an air mass of lower pressure; often brings precipitation
- a mental state characterized by a pessimistic sense of inadequacy and a despondent lack of activity
- a long-term economic state characterized by unemployment and low prices and low levels of trade and investment
- angular distance below the horizon (especially of a celestial object)
- pushing down
- a state of depression and anhedonia so severe as to require clinical intervention
noun
- A particular geographic region.
- (mathematics) A measure of the extent of a surface; it is measured in square units.
- Any particular extent of surface, especially an empty or unused extent.
- The extent, scope, or range of an object or concept.
- (soccer) Penalty box; penalty area.
- (British) An open space, below ground level, giving access to the basement of a house, and typically separated from the pavement by railings.
- (slang) Genitals.
- a part of a structure having some specific characteristic or function
- a part of an animal that has a special function or is supplied by a given artery or nerve
- a particular geographical region of indefinite boundary (usually serving some special purpose or distinguished by its people or culture or geography)
- a subject of study
- the extent of a 2-dimensional surface enclosed within a boundary
- a particular environment or walk of life
noun
- a local and well-defined elevation of the land
- structure consisting of an artificial heap or bank usually of earth or stones
- (baseball) the slight elevation on which the pitcher stands
- (baseball) The pitcher’s mound.
- A sloping road.
- The raised portion of the surface of a vinyl record.
- (US) A heap of earth surrounding a plant.
- An elevated landmass smaller than a mountain.
- (US) A single cluster or group of plants growing close together, and having the earth heaped up about them.
verb
noun
- (geography) A slope of earth, sand, etc.; an embankment.
- (countable) A fund from deposits or contributions, to be used in transacting business; a joint stock or capital.
- (slang, uncountable) Money; profit.
- (mining) The face of the coal at which miners are working.
- (computing) A contiguous block of memory that is of fixed, hardware-dependent size, but often larger than a page and partitioning the memory such that two distinct banks do not overlap.
- A bench, as for rowers in a galley; also, a tier of oars.
- The regular term of a court of law, or the full court sitting to hear arguments upon questions of law, as distinguished from a sitting at nisi prius, or a court held for jury trials. See banc
- (mining) A deposit of ore or coal, worked by excavations above water level.
- (mining) The ground at the top of a shaft.
- (countable) In certain games, such as dominos, a fund of pieces from which the players are allowed to draw.
- (countable) A branch office of such an institution.
- (hydrology) An edge of river, lake, or other watercourse.
- (nautical, hydrology) An elevation under the sea; a shallow area of shifting sand, gravel, mud, and so forth
- (countable) A device used to store coins or currency.
- (countable) An institution where one can place and borrow money and take care of financial affairs.
- (pinball) A set of multiple adjacent drop targets.
- A row or panel of items stored or grouped together.
- (countable) An underwriter or controller of a card game.
- (countable, chiefly in combination) A safe and guaranteed place of storage for and retrieval of important items or goods.
- A bench or seat for judges in court.
- (aviation) The incline of an aircraft, especially during a turn.
- (gambling, countable) The sum of money etc. which the dealer or banker has as a fund from which to draw stakes and pay losses.
- (music) A bench, or row of keys belonging to a keyboard, as in an organ.
- A row of keys on a musical keyboard or the equivalent on a typewriter keyboard.
- A mass of clouds.
- (rail transport) An incline, a hill.
- a supply or stock held in reserve for future use (especially in emergencies)
- a building in which the business of banking is transacted
- sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water)
- a flight maneuver; aircraft tips laterally about its longitudinal axis (especially in turning)
- the funds held by a gambling house or the dealer in some gambling games
- a container (usually with a slot in the top) for keeping money at home
- a slope in the turn of a road or track; the outside is higher than the inside in order to reduce the effects of centrifugal force
- a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities
- an arrangement of similar objects in a row or in tiers
- a long ridge or pile
verb
- (transitive, finance) To provide banking services to.
- (intransitive, of clouds) To form a bank; to gather in masses.
- (transitive) To put into a bank.
- (transitive) To cover the embers of a fire with ashes in order to retain heat.
- (rail transport, UK) To provide additional power for a train ascending a bank (incline) by attaching another locomotive.
- (intransitive, aviation) To roll or incline laterally in order to turn.
- (transitive) To cause (an aircraft) to bank.
- (transitive) To form into a bank or heap, to bank up.
- (transitive, order and arrangement) To arrange or order in a row.
- (intransitive) To deal with a bank or financial institution, or for an institution to provide financial services to a client.
- (transitive, slang) To conceal in the rectum for use in prison.
- (transitive) To raise a mound or dike about; to enclose, defend, or fortify with a bank; to embank.
- do business with a bank or keep an account at a bank
- cover with ashes so to control the rate of burning
- act as the banker in a game or in gambling
- have faith or confidence in
- tip laterally
- put into a bank account
- be in the banking business
- enclose with a bank
verb
- plot a map of (land)
- keep under surveillance
- consider in a comprehensive way
- look over carefully or inspect
- hold a review (of troops)
- make a survey of; for statistical purposes
- To view with a scrutinizing eye; to examine.
- To determine the form, extent, position, etc., of, as a tract of land, a coast, harbor, or the like, by means of linear and angular measurements, and the application of the principles of geometry and trigonometry
- To investigate the opinions, experiences, etc., of people by asking them questions; to conduct a survey; to administer a questionnaire.
- To inspect, or take a view of; to view with attention, as from a high place; to overlook
- To examine and ascertain, as the boundaries and royalties of a manor, the tenure of the tenants, and the rent and value of the same.
- To examine with reference to condition, situation, value, etc.; to examine and ascertain the state of
noun
- short descriptive summary (of events)
- the act of looking or seeing or observing
- a detailed critical inspection
- The operation of finding the contour, dimensions, position, or other particulars of any part of the Earth's surface.
- A measured plan and description of any portion of country.
- A particular view; an examination, especially an official examination, of a particular group of items, in order to ascertain the condition, quantity, or quality.
- (US) A district for the collection of customs under a particular officer.
- A questionnaire or similar instrument used for examining the opinions of a group of people.
- The act of surveying; a general view.
- (historical) An auction at which a farm is let for a lease for lives.
- An examination of the opinions of a group of people.
adj
- topographically very uneven
- subdued or brought low in condition or status
- (especially of promises or contracts) having been violated or disregarded
- physically and forcibly separated into pieces or cracked or split
- thrown into a state of disarray or confusion
- not continuous in space, time, or sequence or varying abruptly
- out of working order (‘busted’ is an informal substitute for ‘broken’)
- imperfectly spoken or written
- tamed or trained to obey
- lacking a part or parts
- weakened and infirm
- discontinuous
- destroyed financially
- (of land) Uneven.
- (of a melody) Having periods of silence scattered throughout; not regularly continuous.
- (of a promise, etc) Breached; violated; not kept.
- (of a person) Completely defeated and dispirited; shattered; destroyed.
- (meteorology, of the sky) Five-eighths to seven-eighths obscured by clouds; incompletely covered by clouds.
- (sports, video games, of a tactic or option) Overpowered; overly powerful; giving a player too much power.
- (of an electronic connection) Disconnected, no longer open or carrying traffic.
- (of skin) Split or ruptured.
- (of language) Grammatically non-standard, especially as a result of being produced by a non-native speaker.
- Having no money; bankrupt, broke.
- (of sleep) Interrupted; not continuous.
- Non-functional; not functioning properly.
- (colloquial, US, of a situation) Not having gone in the way intended; saddening.
- (of a line) Dashed; made up of short lines with small gaps between each one and the next.
- Fragmented; in separate pieces.
- (informal) Badly designed or implemented.
- (of a bone or body part) Fractured; having the bone in pieces.
verb
adj
- topographically very uneven
- sturdy and strong in constitution or construction; enduring
- having long narrow shallow depressions (as grooves or wrinkles) in the surface
- very difficult; severely testing stamina or resolution
- (of behaviour) Violent; rude; boisterous
- (of weather) Stormy; turbulent; tempestuous
- (of temper, character, or people) Harsh; austere; hard
- Not neat or regular; irregular, uneven.
- Covered with a rug.
- (of health, physique etc.) Vigorous; robust; hardy
- (of land) Rocky and bare of plantlife.
- Rough with bristly hair; shaggy.
- Broken into sharp or irregular points; uneven; not smooth; rough.
- (of sound, style etc.) Harsh; grating; unpleasant sounding or looking
- (of a person) Strong, sturdy, well-built.
- (of looks, appearance etc.) Sour; surly; frowning; wrinkled
- Having a rug or rugs.
- (computing, of a computer) Designed to reliably operate in harsh usage environments and conditions.
verb
adj
- Denoting a map showing natural features of the landscape (compare political).
- Sexual, carnal.
- In accordance with the laws of nature; now specifically, pertaining to physics.
- Having to do with the body as opposed to the mind; corporeal, bodily.
- Involving bodily force or contact; vigorous, aggressive.
- Pertaining to the world as understood through the senses rather than the mind, having to do with the material world.
- impelled by physical force especially against resistance
- characterized by energetic bodily activity
- concerned with material things
- involving the body as distinguished from the mind or spirit
- relating to the sciences dealing with matter and energy; especially physics
- according with material things or natural laws (other than those peculiar to living matter)
- having substance or material existence; perceptible to the senses